The Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The aim of this research was to investigate the ototoxic effects of two different aminoglycoside antibiotics, namely streptomycin and gentamicin on Iraqi rams.

These antibiotics were injected intramuscularly using the therapeutic and double doses of each. The data showed no clear differences in their effects on both vestibular and cochlear structures of inner ear as they showed similar histological changes but in different intensities.

Out of 720 cows milk samples examined, the incidence of clinical mastitis was found to be 33.01%. Hind quarters were more frequently affected than fore ones. The prevalence of mastitis increased with advancing age. It became highest during the sixth lactation. Bacteriological examination of milk samples revealed that Staph. aureus was the major etiological agent (46.32%), followed by Str. agalactiae (16.84%), E. coli (12.63%), Str. dysgalactiae (8.42%), C.pyogenes (8.42%) Staph. epidermidis (4.21%) Str. uberis (2.10%) and Str. pyogenes (1.05%).

A survey was done to study the ticks of domestic animals in Baghdad and some neighboring areas in 1987. Two genera with 3 species and two new subspecies of ticks were identified. Hyalomma marginatum turanica pomerantsev was the most abundant among the population of the domestic animals than the other two species Hyalomma anatolicum excavatum Koch and Rhipicephalus turanicus Pomeratsev and Matikashvili. Older age and colored animals were more infested with ticks than the young and lightly colored. Ticks were mostly found attaching firmly to skin of ears and udder in females and near the scrotum in males.

Twenty weeks old Euribrid-Hisex Brown laying hens were used to study the effect of water pollution with nitrate on the liver function in these animals. Nitrate treatment caused an increase in total serum albumin and decreased total serum globulin and cholesterol. The activity of serum GOT and GPT enzymes were not affected by the treatment with nitrate. The results indicate that nitrate did not seem to have a negative influence on the liver function, but, it appears that nitrate might depress the immune system in these animals particularly during the early stages of exposure to the pollution. The results also indicate that laying hens are capable of adapting to high doses of nitrate in drinking water.

A comparative study on air drying of human erythrocytes for scanning electron microscopy (S E M), between acetone and ethanol for dehydration and drying was carried out, using a quick method. No morphological deformity or artifacts of erythrocytes was observed. More rapid air drying in acetone (3-5 seconds) was noticed as compared to ethanol (20-30 seconds). Acetone was recommended to be used for air drying, in the absence of critical point drying.

The in vitro sensitivity testing of mastitis pathogens, associated with udder infections in cows, against 12 chemotherapeutic agents, showed that all strains (100%) tested are sensitive to gentamicin. 96.12% to 70.87% of the isolates are sensitive to kanamycin, erythromycin, chloramphenicol, cloxacillin, streptomycin, tetracycline and ampicillin. All strains are resistant to colistin (except for E. coli) and sulfa drugs.


Multimast was found to be most efficious in the treatment of bovine mastitis (89.28%), followed by Multiject Imm, Kanamast and Neomastitar (76.92%, 74.19% and 68.00%) respectively.

Bacteriological and histopathological investigations were conducted on ovine and caprine aborted foeti, ten each, collected from different parts of Iraq, to determine the posible etiology of abortion and to characterize the histopathological changes associated with them. Microbial isolation revealed the following isolates: Brucella melitensis(4), Listeria monocytogens(3), Chlamydia psittaci(2) and Campylobacter foetus").


Histopathological changes were evident in specimens of placenta and aborted foeti. These are: Bacterial colonies in the necrotic chorionic epithelial cells, bronchopneumonia, multifoceal hepatic necrosis, splenic reticuloendothelial hyperplasia and interstitial nephritis were associated with Br. melitensis. isolates.Multifocal necotizing hepatitis, pneumonitis, diffuse reticuloendothelial hyperplasia with lymphoid necrosis in spleen, nephrosis and meningitis were features of C. psittaci isolates.


Myocarditis, acute hepatocellular degeneration and necrosis and diffuse cortical renal hemorrhages accompanied the L. monocytogens induced abortion. Multifocal hepatitis and suppurative pneumonia are seen in V. fetus abortion foeti.

The main objective of this study was to evaluate raw milk quality. This study was designed to obtain random sampling of raw milk at weekly intervals from road tankers arriving to the State Enterprise for Dairy Productrs. Besides that either cow's milk or mixed (cow-buffalo) milk from Milk Reception and Collection Center in Abu-Ghraib village and buffalo's milk samples from producer's homes at the same village, on two climatic periods; the first was the summer period from August to the end of October, 1987; the second being winter period from December 1987 till the end of February 1988 . 330 milk samples were collected and analysis performed were microbiological examinations besides that adequacy of cleaning and sanitization of producer's cans in the village was studied. Raw milk arriving to Abu-Ghraib dairy plant had significantly (p<0.05) higher total bacterial, coliform counts in summer season than in winter and higher counts of psychrotrophic bacteria and yeasts molds counts in winter summer with significant difference (p<0.01). There was no significant differences in total bacterial counts between cow's and buffalo's milk, this is true for both seasons. Effectiveness of cleaning and sanitizing containers (milk cans) was determined by flushing of a measured volume of sterile nutrient broth over the product contact surface. Data revealed that high microbial population were noted in the rinse solution of all equipments tested, such microbes metabolized nutrient residues on incompletely cleaned container's surfaces that could initiate milk spoilage. These results necessating a better hygienic measurements and more educational programmes are needed to improve the quality of milk and its products.

Twenty Awassi sheep were divided to two groups , the first fed on high level of nutrition and the other fed low level of nutrition . Each group was divided to two groups , the first infected with 500 larvae/Kg body weight of Haemonchus contortus and the second was used as a control .


Weight gain , wool production , feed conversion efficiency and egg/G.. were recorded weekly for 13 weeks post infection .All production Traits of low level nutrition group were more effected than high level nutrition group , and these results revealed highly significant (P<0.001) effect of nutrition level on genetic resistance .
There were significant (P<0.05) effect of nutrition treatment interaction on E.P.G. weight gain , feed conversion efficiency but not significant on wool production .

https://jcovm.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/Iraqijvm/article/view/1617#:~:text=The%20object%20of,with%20less%20degree.

Between August, 1989, to July, 1990, 874 Iraqi mares aged between (3-25) years were examined by rectal palpation to diagnose pregnancy in order to evaluate their reproductive efficiency. These mares were grouped according to their reproductive status into Lactating, Maiden and Barren. The mean overall pregnancy rate was 33.75% and the monthly rate ranged between 14%-55.5%. Pregnancy rates were 45%, 33.8% and 25.4% respectively. We conclude that pregnancy rate could be used to evaluate reproductive efficiency of Iraqi mares. Higher pregnancy rate can be obtained when mares serviced during Spring and Autumn months

Fifteen horses were examined for lameness. Diagnosis of those cases indicated that all horses were inguinal Cryptorchid. Cryptorchidectomy were performed for 12 horses, all cases were healed completely and lameness symptoms dissappeared. This study suggest that cryptorchidectomy is the best treatment and also. eradication of Cryptorchidism.

اجريت علية الأخصاء ل (46) خنزير تراوحت اعمارها بين (2-8) اشهر تابعة لحقول

اهلية لغرض تسمينها

استعملت تقنيتين هما الأخصاء المفتوح والأخصاء المغلق وتحت تأثير نوعين من التخدير هما الموضعي والعام . حصلت مضاعفات ثانوية في الطريقة المفتوحة شملت النزف والتهاب غشاء الخلب وتكوين الحزب في سبعة حالات وتم السيطرة عليها، أما الحالات

الأخرى فقد كان شفاؤها جيداً وبالقصد الأول .
لم تحصل مضاعفات ثانوية عند اجراء الأخصاء بالطريقة المغلقة عدا حالة واحدة فقط ، وقد دلت نتائج العمليات بأن الطريقة المغلقة هي الأكثر نجاحاً لأخصاء الخنازير ضمن الظروف الأدارية المتاحة المزارع الخنازير في العراق .\