Al-Shatrah Veterinary and Biological Sciences Journal

The current research aimed to reveal the influence of daily administration of the Olive Oil orally on level of serum glucose in local male rabbit. Nine male rabbit used in this research, divided into 3 groups. First group dosed normal saline orally and considered as control group, the second group administered 2 ml of olive oil orally and pointed as G1 group, the last group considered G2 and given 4 ml of olive oil orally. The treatment continue for 14 days with estimation of blood glucose daily. The results of study appeared significant fall in blood glucose concentration in treated groups when compared before and after treatment in G1 and G2 groups. At same time, there was non-significant changes in blood glucose concentration in control group after 14 days of administration of olive oil. The level of blood glucose in G2 group decreased significantly as compared with G1 group after 14 days of treatment. The Olive Oil has strong and rapid effect in reducing the concentration of blood sugar in short period

One of the most significant parasitic diseases in domestic animals that results in financial losses is coccidiosis. In order to determine the prevalence of infection (Eimeria spp.) This research was carried out on sheep in a specific region of the Thi-qar the province. A total infction rate was 26.74% from 86 sheep was obtained in the study utilizing the direct wet smear approach and the flotation method. for the period from November 2022، to the end of January 2023. Males had infection rates of 29.62%, while females ha
infection rates of 25.42%. According to the study, there were non-significant differences in the infection rates between the adult and young age groups (25.45%) and adults (29.03%). There was a significant difference between the Al-Rifai region and the other study regions in terms of the infection rate, which was documented as being 30%.

The study is designed to identify Toxoplasma gondii at animals of Basra province / Iraq a total of 73 blood samples were randomly obtained from four species of animals include (sheep n=42, goats n=19, cows n=6, and cats n=6) at Basra province were tested using a serological test (Onsite Toxo IGG / IGM rapid Test – Cassette, USA, catalog number Ro 234C-2Rev. E3.0) to the identification of anti-Toxoplasmosis antibodies in animals during beginning of October 2022 until the end of April 2023. The highest rate observed in cats, sheep and goats (33%) of cats, (21%) of sheep and goats.

This study was conducted to investigate pathological effect caused by Citrobacter freundii in rats, to achieve this goal; faecal samples were collected during the period from December/ 2020 to March/ 2021 different region in Baghdad City. The sample was cultured on different media, biochemical tests, Vitek2 system were applied. A total of 20 rats distributed into 2 group first group received 1x106 the second group received 1 ml PBS and considered a negative control group after that animals were sacrificed after one week post infection results showed no gross lesions were seen in the examined organs (lung, liver, spleen, intestine and brain) of both groups especially infected group. Histopathological changes of intestine, lung, liver, spleen and brain showed severe histopathological changes in the infected group compared with the negative control groups manifested by massive sloughing of intestinal epithelial lining with severe distension of lamina propria due variable cell types infiltration, severe multifocal vacuolar degeneration of hepatocytes with nuclear pyknosis of adjacent hepatocytes with focal inflammatory cells, white pulp depletion with congestion of red pulp in spleen. The lung shows moderate lymphoid depletion of BALT with necrosis of bronchial mucosa accompanied with polymorphonuclear and few lymphocytes infiltration in mucosa and sub-mucosa.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa appeared with burn patients is considered as one the most important opportunistic pathogen. This study aimed to determine the mutation within genes (parC and parE) encoded for topoisomerase IV which related to the Ciprofloxacin resistance. The distribution of P. aeruginosa among different types of specimens showed that highest percentage, 46 (66.7%) was for burn samples. Antibiotics susceptibility showed that 34 (73.9%), 36 (78.3%), 30 (65.2%) and 29 (63.04%) of P. aeruginosa isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, imipenem, and ceftazidime, respectively. The gyrB gene was detected in all 21 (100%) of P. aeruginosa isolates with product size (~510 bp). The parC and parE genes were detected in all the examined isolates. The presence of mutations in specific region (FRDR) in these genes were screened by sending a DNA extract for genetic sequencing. The mutations in the parC and parE genes play anessentil role in resistance to Ciprofloxacin in clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa.

Phytosterols are biological active compounds which are naturally present in plant with chemostructure similar to the eucayotic cell- derived cholesterol. They are highly available in lipid-rich plant foods such as nuts, seed, and olive oil. The results of effects β- Sitosterol, as a single agent used in breast cancer cells MCF-7 cells and AMJ13 showed treated with the following different concentrations: 0, 1, 10, 100, 1000, 10000, 100000 nm of β-sitosterol .The inhibition of viability showed much higher in MCF7 cell line than in AMJ13in β- Sitosterol 10000,100000nm, the data showed that β- Sitosterol has controversial effect compared with previous studies . This study explained simply the importance of β- Sitosterol on MCF7 cell line compared with AMJ13 Furthermore, It clarified the antimicrobial activity of β- Sitosterol on Staphalococus aureus. This led that β-Sitosterol may be used as a promising candidate drug for anti-cancer in further medical researches

The current study included the examination of 180 samples of eye swabs for ophthalmitis patients of all ages, and their association with some demographic factors, including age, gender, clinical symptoms, recurrence of infection and chronic diseases by means of viral transmission (VTM), which included 120 samples of patients and 60 normal samples in Iraq From October 2020 until January 2021 . Samples were collected from patients from a consultant ophthalmologist. The samples were classified into five groups according to the age group (1-15), (16-30), (31-45), (46-60) and (over 60) years old. Current study involved collection and storing samples at -20°C, extracting DNA from eye samples using the Viral DNA Kit in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions, analyzing the samples using PCR technology, and performing an electrophoresis to analyze the results of the PCR reaction and separate the DNA from the agarose and depending on the size of the DNA. Adenoviruses were discovered using the PCR method, and the analysis' findings indicated that there were no adenoviruses

Curent study desgned to assess the influence of grind seeds of Rhus Coriaria and exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (EFE) on some haemobiochemical parameters of Awassi male lambs. 24 Awassi male lambs weighing (21.50-60.77) Kg at 3–4 months of age, and they were equally divided into four groups based on body weight. G1 (control) was fed a concentrate diet at a rate of 2.5% body weight with alfalfa hay everyday and was regarded a control group. G2 was fed the same food as the control group and received 15 g/head of dried grind Rhus Coriaria seeds daily with feed. The same food as in G1 was offered to G3 together with 5 g/head of exogenous fibrolytic enzyme (EFE). The same diet as G1 was used to feed G4, which included 5 g of EFE and 15g of dry ground Rhus Coriaria seeds daily. The results of glucose concentration showed G2, G3 and G4 significance p<0.05 decrease from the 2nd month to the end of experiment compared with control group. Values of total protein showed G4 significance p<0.05 surpass at the 3rd month of trial. Results of Albumin exhibited G2, G3 and G4 significance p<0.05 exceed at the 1st, 2nd and 4th months of experiment. Values of Globulin showed G2 and G3 significance p<0.05 exceed G1 at the 3rd month of experiment. Values of GGT showed G2, G3 and G4 significance p<0.05 decrease from the 2nd month toward the end of experimentation. Urea blood concentration values indicated a significant decline in G2, G3, and G4 from the second month until the conclusion of the investigation. It can be established that grind seeds of Rhus coriaria and EFE can be used in combination or alone as an effective feed additive to improve some haemobiochemical parameters in Awassi male lambs

Fusarium species was isolated from soil of the Basra Province, South of Iraq, and cultured at 27C° for 5 days on three media were (Czapek Dox agar, CDA, malt extract agar, MEA, and potato dextrose agar, PDA). These media appeared different coonies of this fungus were whitish gray with pink center, white with concavely center, and white possessed pink center, respectively. In addition, no exudates were produced. Using lactophenol cotton blue stain, conidia were crescent with pointed ends and some of them are septate. Different chemical compounds were tested on a growth of the Fusarium species revealed a highest growth was noticed in potato dextrose broth (PDB) amended with aspartic acid followed by potassium chloride, magnesium sulfate and magnesium chloride. In addition, no growth in a presence of the ammonium acetate, potassium acetate, zinc chloride and zinc sulfate

The present study appeared effect winter season on increase retained placenta cases comparative with other seasons that recorded about 38.89 in winter while recorded about 5.56% in summer, also this study recoded the effect of the geographical area to spread retained placenta, the north of thi- qar recorded 63.89% higher than other area west and south recorded about 5.56% and 11.11% respectively, the present study showed the effect of temperature degree to spread retained placenta cases . The low temperature degree between (11 to 20) appeared significant increase of retained placenta cases (52.78%) comparative with high temperature (40 to 50) degree about 2.68%. this study conclude increase of retained placenta cases in north region of Thi-Qar province in winter comparative with south region in summer.