JOURNAL OF MADENAT ALELEM COLLEGE

Porous activated carbon prepared from Iraqi grape seeds (GS) using physical activation method, consisted of carbon dioxide (CO2) gasification. Based on the central composite design (CCD), two factor interaction (2FI) and quadratic models were respectively employed to correlate the activated carbon preparation variables. The effects of the activation temperature and activation time on the activated carbon yield and cadmium removal were investigated. From the analysis of variance (ANOVA), the most influential factor on each experimental design response was identified. The optimum conditions for preparing activated carbon from Iraqi grape seeds were found to be activation temperature of 237.38 oC and activation time of 0.58 h. The grape seeds activated carbon yield was found to be 19.94% while the removal of Cd (II) was found to be 86.85%.

This paper presents a field study on the scientific examinations integrity that conducted remotely for university students from teaching staff perspectives at Iraqi universities to identify the challenges and obstacles facing the E-exams for undergraduates and graduates education institutions. The paper aims supporting universities administrative to develop scientific and tractable solutions for conducting E-exams according to the available capabilities. For this purpose, a questionnaire was conducted, in which 805 instructors in public universities, most of them in scientific disciplines, participated in it. The questionnaire included (11) questions, the answer depends on multiple options. The questions were concerned on the extent of the scientific integrity of the E-exams that were carried out Covid-19.

The prominent results of our questionnaire were: 80% agreed that cheating occurred during on-line exams, and 74% agreed that on-line exams did not distinguish between the non-glorified and the glorified student, 77% that the procedures of monitoring for electronic exams have no effect on cheating, 78% indicate that students have Groups in which questions are solved and distributed to the group during the exam, 91% have indications that electronic exams scores were higher than the exams of on-sit.

The process of retrieving document images in digital media depending on their content is difficult, especially when the number of images is very large. Therefore, there is a need to use an automated computer system to retrieve the documents based on semantic words. This paper presents an automation computer system that uses to retrieve documents images based on semantic words. Semantic words are chosen depending on the content of the document. To keep the security of the document semantic words and prevent unauthorized persons to access these documents, they are encrypted along with the document issue number using hash function and store them in index file. The importance of this work lies in the possibility of using it in the institutions archive departments to retrieve digital documents based on their content instead of their number. The implementation of this system result shows that this system can retrieve the stored documents with high accuracy and short time in easy manner.

The number of children diagnosed with autism has increased in recent years. This is due to the inability of doctors to diagnose and treat autism at an early stage, whether through simple traditional or modern methods. To obtain a fast and accurate diagnosis using machine learning techniques with examination methods such as eye appearance, facial patterns, MRI images, movement of body parts and using a combination of eye and brain gaze, the treatment is performed programmatically by creating a system, device, mobile app or robot. Various studies indicate the types of diagnostic methods and which methods are most accurate and reliable.

After most of the data has become widely transmitted in digital devices, which affects the security of this data due to a large number of hackers, and to protect it, encryption is used as one of the reliable methods to ensure data security. The important condition of the encryption system depended on time, amount of data, and cost of encryption.

However, the development in computational capabilities led to the thinking of a new type of cryptography is called quantum cryptography (QC), it is a technology that allows for quicker, more effective, and secure communication than the traditional way. so the term post-quantum cryptography (PQC) refers to the usage of a cryptographic method that is thought to be immune to quantum assaults. as a result, Quantum-era cybersecurity will be capable of detecting and deflecting quantum-era cyberattacks before they do harm using the most efficient algorithm, the study goal is to highlight developments in cryptography systems and compare them in time execution using the same amount of data.

In recent years, one of the most contentious issues has been \"big data.\" Unstructured and semi-structured data may be found in many locations, including web servers, mobile devices, and social media sites, for many organizations and enterprises, the security and privacy of large data are becoming more critical, and the increased usage of big data puts data security and privacy at odds. Large-scale data sharing raises new privacy and security issues. Big data doesn\'t work with traditional methods or techniques. Analyzing large amounts of data encourages the collection and long-term storage of more complete and durable data. By combining private data with other private data, it is possible to reveal the personal information of its customers more easily. The sharing of massive data opens the door to new problems. It necessitates the use of high-tech methods and tools because they create so many data security issues. As part of our review of Big Data privacy and security the most recent methods, mechanisms, and solutions for protecting data-intensive systems were discussed. we looked at the most important terms to define and classify, in this paper, big data security and privacy researchers will benefit from this review because it identifies key trends and general terms, as well as current privacy and security concerns. And we also highlighted common solutions to these problems included.

The asphalt (40-50) produced in the Dora refinery (which does not conform to the specifications of the surface layer according to the Iraqi roads and bridges amended regulations for 2003) was approved as a raw material for the preparation of new oxidized Iraqi asphalt with high mechanical and physical properties by adding some local chemical and polymeric additives to increase the hardness of the asphalt mixture.

The study included treating the asphalt received from the Dora refinery by blowing with air for different periods, then mixed with sulfur, rubber, activated carbon and polymeric additives with different weight ratios and different mixing times to prepare oxidized asphalt. The results of the laboratory examination showed a clear development in the homogeneity of the prepared oxidized asphalt, giving it excellent specifications in terms of acceptance.

There is no doubt that the concept of negotiation is one of the old concepts in human life, although it took different names according to centuries and eras. Negotiation is a type of dialogue or exchange of proposals between two or more parties with a goal. Reaching an agreement that leads to settling an issue or disputed issues between two or several parties. Parties, and usually what takes place anywhere according to the nature of the issue and the parties calling for negotiation.

Since everything is negotiable..and everyone wants to succeed, therefore success requires some effort and seriousness in work and application, a skill that enables those who master it to succeed, and accordingly the study came to clarify the nature of negotiation as an essential element, language and idiomatically, as a way to identify the most prominent characteristics of a successful negotiator and the most important Negotiating classifications to show then the most important principles that must be followed by the successful commissioner and then the necessary elements necessary for the negotiating process, ending with the most prominent successful negotiating policies and strategies, to come to the conclusion to provide us with a summary of the most important ideas with a number of conclusions reached by researchers.

Turkey’s relations with neighboring countries, including Iraq, have created contradictions and reactions that are not easy to overcome. Also, the Turkish location adjacent to Iraq as one of the largest regional countries in terms of land and population, with an expansionist past and ambition for its return, many of its regional and international relations must have direct or indirect repercussions on Iraq\'s national and national interests.

Among the most prominent developments in the concept of achieving power and authority for the great powers in this time is what is termed the use of soft power. After World War II, the concept of soft power appeared in America. The war imposed many variables on American political thought to expand the vision accompanying those changes to include international forces and inevitable cultural and political dominations that keep pace with the economic and political leaps the world witnessed.

America had methods of future strategic performance to ensure a wide margin of hegemony in the new century, which had to rely on soft sources of power instead of hard ones. Joseph S. Nye is one of the most prominent theorists of this idea after touching the manifestations of American decline in a world that has changed a lot, but - according to Joseph Nye - the tools of American politics have not changed, the world has become intertwined in globalized urban areas and that the United States controls the most important sources of soft power from television programs, films, media and education to Invention and sports were acquitted, so according to this opinion, the United States should employ in the future with greater focus on the most important sources of American attraction, which is the soft power that supports hegemony by extending its use, and not the other way around, as is the case with hard power that exhausts the American economy.

Joseph Nye found that military and economic power, or what they are called: hard or hard power, are no longer sufficient in hegemony or control, so he calls on the United States of America to use non-military force to promote and entice its ideas and policies. Nye believes that the use of force by other major powers may pose a threat to his goals and the economic, political and even cultural aspirations of the United States.

The issue of energy is an important axis at the global level because of its vital role in economic development in all areas of life, especially in light of the increasing global demand for energy resources

The Middle East region has gained great importance in the field of natural gas, given the huge reserves in the region, the strategic and geopolitical importance of the Middle East made it an international competition for energy resources in the region, especially natural gas, among the countries of the region. Natural gas lines and networks, in addition to the huge gas reserves in the region, and what distinguishes the Middle East is: It is a complete transit area, and for this reason and others it is a hot area and an arena of competition and conflict in it. Various parties, especially the Russian-American competition.

The research deals with the role of electronic media in the educational process in light of the Corona pandemic, and aims at the extent to which university students use electronic media in the educational process during the Corona pandemic, and the extent to which university students follow educational materials through electronic media, and students’ evaluation of educational materials provided through electronic media, and the extent of the contribution of university students to educational materials through electronic media. Electronic media in opening new horizons for the purpose of communication between the teacher and the student. And it reached several results, including that the respondents consider education through electronic media as a field for scientific communication between the professor and the student, and that the respondents benefited from the experience of education through electronic media, and that the most important obstacles that prevent the use of education through electronic media as an effective medium in order to support the educational process during the Corona pandemic Turns out the internet is weak.

The study deals with the concept of educational technology, that is, the modern technologies used in the educational process and its impact on supporting and developing the quality of distance education, and its most prominent characteristics and impact on that, and what are the pros and cons resulting from its use, as well as the importance of integrating modern technology into education and the most prominent pros and cons that can result from that.

The world was recently exposed to a major crisis that affected all aspects of life and changed many of the processes that the world used to practice naturally. After the spread of the Corona pandemic, which suddenly invaded the world and turned the scales, because this pandemic or this virus is a new type that humanity has never dealt with, at the different level of its health, technical and service development, so major countries have become unable to confront this dangerous disease at the beginning of its appearance and until recently, which negatively affected many institutions, including educational institutions, which are characterized by direct confrontational contact in the nature of their work, and this helps to spread the disease and expose the human being to an imminent danger that may lead to death, which necessitates relying on another type of education, which is (e-learning), which is a new method of education in most Iraqi universities and requires skills that may not be available to everyone, whether students, faculty, or anyone working in educational institutions.

From here the idea of ​​our research came to life, to see the effects of this experience and its efficiency in Iraqi universities and to know the positive and negative effects and the effectiveness of this type of education and its efficiency and the level of benefit achieved from it.

This research included three sections; the first section dealt with the methodological framework of the research. The second section talked about e-learning and the importance of e-learning, its characteristics, features, and patterns of e-learning, in addition to the benefit achieved by e-learning in the field of education.

As for the third section, it was devoted to the practical aspect, which is represented in the analysis and interpretation of data, which were collected through an electronic form that was distributed to all Iraqi universities and was a research community.