Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science

In this study, we prepared medical dressings with silver nanoparticles to treat diabetic foot patient by photochemical reduction process of silver ions using sodium citrate and UV radiation. Antibacterial activity of dressing with silver nanoparticles against bacteria associated with diabetic foot was studied by disk diffusion method. It was observed that the bacteria did not grow on the culture medium where the medical gauze was impregnated with silver nanoparticles

Sixty-four isolates collected from clinical sources in Baghdad and Mosul city. The identification of S. marcescens confirmed by using API 20E and VITEK-2 systems. Twelve isolates of S. marcescens produced hemolysin, which detected by two ways, qualitative hemolytic assay and quantitative hemolytic assay. The optical density of hemolysin producing isolates at standard condition (37oC, pH=7, 24h) showed that Serratia marcescens (SmU9) isolate gave the highest absorbance of hemolysin production (0.7) but at (25°C, pH=7,24h) the absorbance of hemolysin production turn into (3.0), compared with the absorbance at 571nm for Control without hemolysin (0.060) and completely hemolysis by Triton x-100 (6.0). However, the optimum optical density of the best hemolysin producing isolate (SmU9) at the optimum cultivation conditions (25°C, pH=9, 24h, 150 rpm, 1% inoculum size in Nutrient broth) was (6.0).

A few pyrimido[1,2-a] benzimidazole derivatives had been synthesized, derived from 4-amino-2-(4-chloro or bromophenyl) -1,2-dihydropyrimido[1,2-a] benzimidazole-3-carbonitrile (4 or 5) is made through one pot three components condensation reaction of 1H-benzimidazol-2-amine (1) with p-chloro or bromobenzaldehyde (2) and malononitrile (3). First part of these derivatives prepared by reaction compound (4 or 5) with acetic acid or propionic acid in presence POCl3 to give pyrmidino rings (6-9). Second part of derivatives were prepared by reaction compound (4 or 5) with benzoyl chloride or phenylisothiocyanate or cyclohexanone to give cyclic compounds (10-15) respectively. All these derivatives characterized by FT-IR and HNMR spectroscopy analysis in addition to physical properties

Pyrazolines and its derivatives have been extensively studied as coordinated ligands of high potential applications in diverse chemical and biological systems. This work explores some methods of synthesis of pyrazolines, such as the preparation of pyrazole derivatives via chalcones. It also demonstrates that 2-pyrazoline complexes were biologically active and have had a range of clinical applications. Palladium (II) complex of pyrazole was active as antitumor when tested against murine mammary adenocarcinoma (LM3). Copper (II) and Cobalt (II) complex are biologically active in the living system as biomolecules or co factors. Based on these information, we tried here to synthesis a new 2-pyrazoline from (E)-3-(4-bromophenyl)-1-(pyridin-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one. The newly synthesized pyrazoline was characterized using mass spectroscopy, nucleic magnetic resonance spectroscopy NMR and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy FTIR. The characterization results showed that 2-pyrazoline has successfully synthesized. The microanalyses (C. H. N. S), GC-MS, H and 13C NMR and FT-IR spectra confirmed the formation of 2-pyrazoline ring with substitution at N1,C-3 and C-5 and the spin-spin coupling constants (J) for the multiple peaks at HNMR spectra pointed to the de shielded aromatic protons in α and β protons of the prepared chalcone. Interestingly, some new family of pyrazoles that have isosteres of Zonisamide have been previously showed activity toward treating neuroglial disorders such as epilepsy and autism. Thus, we synthesized and well characterized pyrazole here to be considered later for studying its potency to moderate some neurodegenerative disorders. On the other hand, the reviewed literature here showed that pyrazoline could negatively interact with some neurotransmitters through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions with the amino and carboxylic ends of the functional ends of the neurotransmitters. Therefore, this new trend of the promising candidate 2- pyrazoline have to be further investigated.

Conducting polymer nanocomposites are the forthcoming materials for developing technologies, as they possess a combination of unique properties of their components. This study used the sol-gel technique to prepare and fabricate nanocomposite of polyaniline (PANI), with nanomaterial (TiO2), doped by tin (Sn+2) (PANI/Sn+2/TiO2). Novel nanocomposites were prepared in different ratios (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%) of weight for the nanomaterial (Sn+2/TiO2) to the polymer (PANI). The prepared nanocomposites were characterized with several techniques including Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) Spectrometer, Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis.) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). This research has presented the role of nanomaterial and described the easy process of their homogenous distribution in the (PANI/Sn+2/TiO2) nanocomposites. The electrical conductivity of the prepared materials was examined and confirmed by electrical conductivity. The combination of Sn+2/TiO2 in the PANI matrix will be very valuable for the improvement of the physical and chemical properties of the polymer's conductivity

In this research, the level of radiation doses and the amount of energy obtained by the human body and received by the individual were measured in Al-Sadr region, east of Baghdad Governorate, and because this region has a large population density and the presence of an industrial and commercial fields. So that the total areas on which the radiological survey was conducted reached 93 using the GPS, a radiological survey was conducted. 2790 readings were calculated for all areas and the average was 279 readings. The readings were taken by the inspector, and the highest reading was recorded in sector 26 by 0.135 msv/h and the lowest reading recorded in sector 72 was 0.071 msv/h. The results were compared with the decisions of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP).

Automatic detection of Red Blood Cells (RBCs) by using image-processing techniques is important in determining blood disorders and diseases. This study proposes an algorithm for automatic detection of red blood cells in optical microscopy images of blood smears. The proposed method depends on binary conversion at multi-threshold and includes a morphological operation as erosion and image fill according to certain conditions. In this study, we used 50 images from IDB data of blood samples taken with an optical microscope. The suggested method is compared with other modern techniques based on the two accuracy coefficients, namely, detection and false alarm rates. Results show that the proposed method has a high detection accuracy compared to other methods

Due to its unique properties, the material could be applicable in the automotive industry for the manufacture of exhaust valves, for wear parts, and probably as a material for selected aggressive chemical environments. The solidification behavior of the Al-80.5 % Si-19.5 (A), Al-79% Si21% (B) and Al-77.5 % Si-22.5 % (C) alloys at slowly cooling and Rapidly quenched are reported and discussed. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction to calculated lattice constant, optical microscopy and mechanically by (Tensile test, and Hardness) in order to evaluate the response of the heat treatment on the different starting microstructures and mechanical properties.
It was found that the lattice parameters for all Si contents decreases with increasing Si content in the solid solution. All mineral compounds formed during hardening were examined by optical microscopy. The highest maximum tensile strength was 120 MPa in the sample Al-22.5Si (Slowly cooled) and 126MPa in the sample Al-22.5Si (rapidly quenched) in the same weight, and highest hardness was 77 HB in the sample Al-22.5Si (Slowly cooled), and 81 HB in the sample Al-22.5Si (rapidly quenched).

A secure electronic learning platform has been created to enable teachers and students to log into their accounts to learn efficiently and safely at any place and time. This platform has been proposed due to the urgent need to develop the education system and move it from traditional to interactive e-learning. In this paper, an application implemented that access remotely using a web browser interface and saved on a server depends on a Zero-Knowledge Proof (ZKP) system with an RSA algorithm was employed to solve registration and login challenges and securely transfer passwords. Using adapted AES to encrypt each user's personal information, Exams, and save it in in encrypted form in the database. The simulated results in this paper indicate the existence of a secure e-learning system, where security was achieved by performing the registration and login process without sending the password in its explicit form over an insecure network such as the Internet, in addition to encrypting the necessary information to be stored in an incomprehensible manner in the database, in the case of presence of an attack on the database.

From 2019 until today, the whole world is panicking due to the pandemic of the Corona virus or the so-called COVID-19, so it was inevitable to search for a way to predict the disease before it occurs. Disease forecasting requires huge databases, human hands, and high-speed technologies. Due to the rapid spread of this pandemic, scientists have looked at using data mining methods to predict diseases. Predicting and early diagnosis of disease through mining algorithms reduces human errors, saves money and scientists make the most accurate decision. It then shortens the long time needed to detect COVID-19 using available algorithms and tools that rely on data such as lung images or disease symptoms such as temperature, among others. In this research, two data mining algorithms were used to predict COVID-19 that support vector machine (SVM) and naïve bays (NB) using a dataset from the Korea Centers for Disease Control (KCDC). Feature selection was performed using Correlation based Feature Selection (CFS) after previously processed data. Performance measures for the research proved that SVM is best classifier of NB with accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of SVM being 96.72%, 94.08%, and 97.96% respectively. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve also demonstrated better SVM performance than NB for predicting COVID-19

The dynamical system is the concept used to describe the behavior of several phenomena in our daily life. It comes in two types; linear and nonlinear. Two essential properties characterize the latter, stability and chaos, which in turn are classified into two categories, continuous and discrete, for the models that exhibiting chaotic behavior, which sometimes needs to be stabilized and synchronized. There are various approaches for such a purpose. In this work, the chaotic behavior of the 2D-logistic map is stabilized without adding any control parameters. This approach is considered efficient for models whose analytic solutions are challenging to find. Moreover, the modulus for the Jacobian matrix eigenvalues is greater than unity. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of this stabilizing method are demonstrated through some Numerical analysis.

In this paper, Bernoulli\'s polynomials approach is employed for solving approximately linear Fractional Fredholm integro-differential equations via Petrove-Glerkain method. The Fractional derivatives are described in the sense Caputo. The approximate solution is compared with the exact solution to confirm the validity and efficiency of the method to a same as before. Some illustrative examples are presented

Surface Air Temperature (SAT) is an important weather element affecting the climate and its nature, as it greatly affects the nature of the atmosphere prevailing in the city of Baghdad, as well as the main influence on the pressure systems affecting Iraq and thus the city of Baghdad. In this study, the annual SAT for three aspects of temperatures (mean, maximum, and minimum) for Baghdad city of approved 11 years had studied, analyzed and discussed. The sources of data came from two sources. First, Iraqi Meteorological Organization and Seismology (IMOS), which represented the arithmetic average annually of the SAT, maximum and minimum temperature for the period (2009 – 2019). Second source of data was from Mustansiriyah University, atmospheric sciences department of Atmospheric Sciences - college of Science, the data are supported as monthly average for SAT for Baghdad. Results shown Basrah was high annual of SAT than four selective cities in Iraq. The variation of annual SAT was in the end study period where reach to 7 oC in mean of SAT for Basrah city. The trend of SAT for Baghdad city was positive for Mean and maximum, while negative for minimum case. Mustansiriyah station was high than IMOS station by 2 oC for mean of SAT, and 5 oC for maximum SAT.