AL-MA’HAD

The
administrative dispute is It is characterized, characterized by an imbalance between its two parties. One party is characterized by the position of power represented by the administration, which is always in the position of the defendant. Because it does not need to resort to the judiciary to implement its decisions, it implements its decisions based on the means of public law, in addition to the administration’s possession of all documents, and another party whose position is characterized by weakness represented by the extent that does not have any privilege towards its opponent - the administration, for this reason and to ensure the achievement of procedural justice in The administrative lawsuit and restoring the lost balance in that dispute. The principle of confrontation appeared to us, which means the right of each opponent to know everything that his other opponent presents in the lawsuit in terms of evidence, documents, requests, and defenses, and to be given sufficient judicial time to study the evidence presented in the lawsuit, and then express his defenses for what was done. Submitting it in the case, and to ensure confrontation in the case, means were created to achieve it, including legal guarantees such as the right to access and a time limit, and some of them are judicial, such as the judge’s respect for confrontation in the case and the oversight that the court imposes on the opponents in order to achieve confrontation, thus avoiding procedural fraud.

It
is known that commercial operations were carried out in a traditional way based on paper documents, but in light of the continuous scientific progress and keeping pace with the electronic communications revolution in all fields, banks had to develop their methods of work and communications between themselves and customers. Banks have already been linked electronically through the global Wift network, where millions of messages are exchanged between banks and from all over the world, thus achieving global trade the freedom of flow, speed, and security required. To reach the speed of obtaining the goods and avoid delays in receiving documents, however, with the interference of technology in banking operations and the reliance of some banks, largely and directly, on advanced information and communications technologies in managing their business and facilitating the affairs of their customers, it was natural for these banks to be exposed to the risks of electronic piracy. The issue of maintaining banking secrecy is one of the most important matters that preoccupy the minds of those dealing with these banks.

Crime in all its forms is considered a priority concern of decision-makers at all national, regional, and international levels. Because it is represented a permanent dilemma that threatens the tranquility and stability of all societies, hinders their peace, and impedes their growth and prosperity. Where the investigation by the investigator is carried out under the supervision of the investigating judge. Accordingly, the judicial investigator is defined as (the person carrying out the investigation to detect the crime, the truth of the perpetrator, its time, place, and the manner in which it was committed). The investigator is considered one of the members of the judicial police who carry out the investigation, as such procedure requires the investigator to have a set of special characteristics, including not submitting to any influences, being impartial, calm, and patient, and having legal knowledge of his work. In order to indicate whether the acts and procedures carried out by the investigator of the Commission of Integrity are considered purely judicial act, which is equal in content to the judicial investigator act in the court, the case requires a statement of the legal nature of the work of the investigator of the Commission of Integrity. So, this research was divided into two sections. In the first, we will address defining the Integrity Commission investigator, and in the second, we discuss defining the nature of the Integrity Commission investigator's act.

It
The tribunal courts is one of the most ways on the international level to find new choices to reform the rigidity case in the attribution rules. The circumstances that deepened on by the tribunal court differ from the traditional ones especially, the volunteering bases and the easily procedures and others tribunal advantages. And one of the most important actual aims that the tribunal court concerns to achieve it ,is the connecting of the legal provisions with practical philosophy to choose best solution .Attaining the artificial justice Which represented by the artificial connecting between the fact and the legal provisions , without interesting to the aim . this what promote the legislatures to find an area for tribunal courts to take care about the purposes of the legal rules, and the parties willing in legal certainty . so it was obligatory on the researcher to illustrate the role done by the tribunal court in foundation the connecting between the artificial interests and actual interests which express about he the conflicting rules aims .all this will be in the center of our concerning in this research ,through two chapters.

It
As for the importance of Taiwan in the American strategic perception, it comes from several vital aspects, including its strategic location connecting Northeast Asia with South Asia and the Middle East through the Taiwan Strait, according to this importance there are regional and international determinants that will affect the nature of relations between the United States of America and China, including the US-China geopolitical dispute in the South China Sea and the direction of the United States of America towards American alliances will be discussed in our study In detail.

It
is known that the legal drafting of the penal text, like the rest of the texts, is like a transformation of the raw material represented by the idea and manufactured in the corridors of societal reality, which crystallized in the legislator, and was transformed from mere legal ideas, into a product that carries the specifications of those ideas, and applies to them completely, that is, the drafting is a garment that takes on It is the legal idea that here constitutes a significant legal interest, and it appears with it to society, and this appearance must express the essence of that interest and achieve its objectives. Therefore, legislation must have its own technical language, vocabulary, and rules according to which its texts are formulated, especially since the criminal law is a unilateral source of legislation. In it, only the penal text is considered, and there is no text of any other origin in it (a customary rule, a legal rule, or one of the principles of general legal principles Despite the importance of the concept of penal legal drafting and the many researches that have discussed it, it remains an important topic that deserves research, especially the nature of the drafting required by the criminal text, unlike other legal texts, due to the specificity of its subject matter, which relates to the nature of the penal text, and the drafting elements need to be identified, and all of this contributes to understanding the Ttgstm ext and its mechanisms. Developing it and knowing its components, all of which contributes to developing the knowledge and capabilities of the author of the legislative text (the penal legislator), and achieves the goals for which the legal ideas were developed and transferred from the manufacturing stage to the drafting stage within the verbal templates that we call the texts of laws

This
The impermissibility of apologizing for ignorance of the law has an impact in terms of the establishment of tort liability, because ignorance of the law is considered a negligence by lack of knowledge, and lack of knowledge is negligence on which tortious responsibility is based, and that the provisions of the law are a source of commitment, and any legal defect leads to tortious liability, not contractual, so the pillars of liability are not fulfilled from error and damage And the causative relationship, the person is responsible for his ignorance and it has an effect in terms of his commitment to full compensation, and the compensation is decomposed according to the provisions of this liability into two elements, namely the subsequent loss and lost profit, and compensation is made in accordance with the provisions of the Iraqi civil law for both material and moral damage due to their ignorance of the provisions of the law.

Therefore
military forces will change dramatically in the outcomes of wars, especially by the end of the century, and many military foundations will become influential in employment. the role of modern military technology in the management of war and conflict and its role in strengthening the power of its own State through its technologically sophisticated weapons ", such as strategic weapons capable of neutralizing the power of the opposing State in its strategic depth, by disrupting or deterring their weapons, since technological development on the military side has become a critical element for all States in their management of modern wars, The successful recruitment of this development increases the armed forces' ability to perform various military tasks with high professionalism and flexibility and reduce dependence on the human component by replacing it with modern military technology, in order to achieve many objectives, including saving time and effort and the preservation of soldiers' lives, and the achievement of significant results may resolve the battle.

Wars
have become one of the most important forms of politics, and even an extension of it, but in violent ways, and one of the most important tools of the state in managing its interests and goals in innovative and new ways. It is simply one of the mechanisms for implementing the foreign policy goals of countries, Wars have witnessed successive and rapid developments, passing through different stages called generations of war, each of which has its own characteristics and repercussions. Among the most influential and complex generations of war are the last three generations, We must point out that the concept of modern wars has become, according to most of the opinions of war specialists, restricted exclusively to the last three generations of warfare, which are the fourth generation (asymmetric warfare), the fifth generation (hybrid warfare), and the sixth generation (remote warfare). Based on their enormous ability to influence, countries have employed generations of modern warfare in its various forms to achieve their internal and external goals. These wars have begun to leave double effects. While they are an opportunity for certain countries, they also represent, at the same time, a major challenge to the lofty goals of other countries, as a threat directing the vital or main goals of the countries.

The
issue of the weight of international precedents is one of the issues that occupies particular importance within the scope of international law in general and within the scope of customary international rule in particular, as international precedents, in their unilateral and convention forms, constitute the material pillar of customary international rule. The character of the country that issues the precedent and the type of international activity have a major impact on the fact that the international precedent may have greater weight than other similar precedents in terms of content, and the political and economic factor has a prominent contribution to the issue of extending national sovereignty over the continental shelf after the discovery of oil, natural gas and other resources on the bottom of the oceans and the interior of this bottom. This study attempts to address and analyze two applied examples and research the extent of the legitimacy of the international legal acts themselves that represented the first international precedents that other countries subsequently followed suit by issuing international acts similar in terms of content.

Recently
, Iraq has begun the process of legislating and amending laws relating to private international law to apply them to legal relations in civil and commercial affairs involving foreign agents. This research attempts to prove the importance that the codification of private international law is necessary for the development of private international law in Iraq and will provide judges with clearer guidelines when facing civil and commercial cases involving foreign elements. This paper also argues that studying the historical development of Iraqi private international law and comparative studies of recent private international law laws or reforms in foreign countries will provide the Iraqi legislature with useful insights when drafting private international law. This article suggests three possible legislative models to consider: (a) A code that contains only conflict rules; (b) A code containing the rules of conflict as well as the rules of international jurisdiction; (C) A code that contains the rules of conflict in addition to the rules of international jurisdiction, domicile, status of foreigners, nationality, and the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments. By examining the current legislative initiatives to adopt private international law, this research concludes that the Iraqi legislator should and is likely to use the third legislative model to formulate the law of private international law.

The
national security strategy is a comprehensive and future vision of the issue of security in its broad sense، which includes the political، military، economic and social security of the State، which takes into account national political realities and what is happening in the neighborhood and at the regional and international level، and is able to identify the sources of threat to national security in all its forms. Assess their potential and severity so that options can be identified that would contain the sources of threat either by reducing their impact or by neutralizing them and removing them from confrontation or confronting them directly or indirectly and thereby developing the policies، plans and operational programs necessary to deal with them to achieve the best degree of State security and protection of its interests.

Today
, solar energy is relied upon to produce electrical energy mainly through panels or panels, as they are called in some countries, which are electronic with a specific technological technique that is based on producing electrical energy from solar energy. This energy is called clean energy, as it protects the environment from the waste of other energy fuels, such as gas, which is accompanied by the spread of a percentage of environmental pollution gases. Renewable energy production projects are among the projects that differ in their legal nature. A group of jurists considers them to be public law projects. Because the state is a party to the contract and the project provides a public service, while the second group considers it to be private law projects. Because the investor is a person of private law, and the Iraqi legislator took this opinion and stipulated it literally in the constitution and the law of the Ministry of Electricity. The third legal team considers that investment projects are partnership projects between the investor and the state, and this opinion was adopted by the Emirati legislator.

There
is no doubt that the general constitutional principle that stipulates that no action, decision, or ruling may be immune from appeal, in addition to the fact that judicial decisions and rulings are issued only by a person who is not immune from error and forgetfulness, and sometimes even intentionally to achieve illegitimate ends, leads to the statement that appeal In any decision or ruling that leads to it becoming acquired for a kind of mental certainty that largely removes the executive decision or judicial ruling from any doubt about the integrity and justice of the party that issued it and removes suspicion and lack of confidence in its rulings and decisions. This matter is completely consistent with what is aimed and sought by the prevailing judicial or administrative system in the country, and in the process of research, the Iraqi legislator included in the effective implementation law what was mentioned above the permissibility of appealing the decision of the judicial implementer as the body responsible for implementing judicial rulings and executive documents by stipulating the two ways of grievance and cassation; However, jurisprudence was divided into two parts regarding the extent to which it is permissible to appeal the decision of the judicial executor in a corrective manner, between supporters and opponents. This is also the case with the courts of appeal in their discriminatory capacity in Iraq, which in turn were divided in their judicial rulings between a ruling issued by an appellate court that allows a corrective appeal against the decision of the person executing justice, and a ruling issued by another court of appeal that rejects a corrective appeal directly from a formal standpoint, based on the restriction specified in the implementation law for challenging the ruling. The decision of the executor of justice is represented exclusively by grievance and discrimination, which prompted the researcher to determine the ways to appeal the decision of the executor of justice in a consistent manner that does not accept doubt, interpretation, or interpretation.

The
issue of speed in criminal procedures is one of the most important topics in achieving the protection and reform of society through applying the law in an optimal way to achieve a balance between the interest of society and the interest of the accused by imposing punishment on the offender. In order for the punishment to be a tool for reform and evaluation, it must be proportionate to the extent of the seriousness of the crime. In the eyes of society, it must ensure continuous application without retraction by those who sign it, so that it is the subject of society’s satisfaction and acceptance. This requires the presence of sound legal systems that track the crime and prosecute its perpetrator, with appropriate time limits that guarantee the rights of the accused to fair procedures and trial, and that the innocent is not held accountable for the crime of the offender, with Guaranteeing the rights of society and protecting it, so that the punishment produces its effect and becomes a tool for reforming, correcting and returning the offender to society after reforming him as an effective and influential element in it.

Working
in the private sector leads to achieving many benefits, the most prominent of which is its support for the national economy by revitalizing all areas of investment, and generating national expertise to support economic development in all fields. It also reduces the burden on the public sector, and because of this importance we find that private legislation At work, it is characterized by special legal texts that differ from the texts in the rest of the other contracts, which are characterized by the fact that their provisions are characterized by stability and rigidity in the aspect that relates to the rights of the worker, to the point that they are characterized as imperative texts of public order that cannot be agreed upon otherwise, and any rule ceases to be applied to them, including This is the rule of the contract under the law of the contracting parties in the event that it conflicts with its provisions . However, in the recent period, a judicial trend has emerged that has led to highlighting the application of the contract rule, the Sharia of Contracting Parties, to the employment contract .

This
idea came from the fact that the commercial mediation contract is an old idea that was prevalent in commercial transactions between people, but it did not take its right of attention commensurate with its importance. In order for investors to invest their trade in the market, they must conclude a mediation contract with a brokerage company And that this contract arranges mutual obligations on the shoulders of its two parties, but this dispute may be settled between the parties amicably and directly, but each party to the contract may insist on its opinion without reaching a solution, which requires resorting to the competent authority to resolve the dispute, and this authority may be a committee, whether it is an arbitration committee or an administrative committee with judicial jurisdiction or the state’s judiciary, and In order for it to settle the disputes before it, it must follow certain procedures to issue the appropriate decision or judgment in the dispute. These procedures may be regulated by the rules of commerce or the general rules found in the civil and commercial procedures laws. However, this judgment or decision issued does not mean that it has become binding and final for the parties to the dispute.

Publishing
administrative judicial rulings in an institutional and regular manner and using the various publishing methods of judicial institutions is of great importance, as it will develop the scientific, jurisprudential and legal movement, and will have a significant impact on the development of the legal system, in addition to its important impact on the work of the administration,as it would make The administration is in an embarrassing situation in which it seeks to improve its image by pushing it to make implementation consistent with judicial rulings. Publication also enables the concerned party to anticipate the administration’s behavior regarding the rulings and decisions of the administrative judiciary in similar situations in the future, which opens the way for litigants to choose the best mechanisms to urge the administration to Implementation and then avoid problems that might hinder it.

The
basic interest that the legislator must protect and achieve the stability and continuity of society is to achieve social justice among the members of society has agreed international and Arab legislation among themselves.
On the criminalization of acts that constitute customs smuggling and has been developed for this purpose penal provisions to confront these acts، has been allocated workers in the institutions of these countries for customs control on their borders between countries، and this control takes several forms، the first of which is the subjection of goods entering or leaving to and from their territory to fees ((taxes) as customs، while the second picture is to prevent the entry or exit
Some types of goods in an absolute manner The third picture is embodied in the suspension of the entry or exit of some types of goods into the country on the subject of certain procedures regulated by import and export laws.

Under
the 2005 Constitution, there are two ways to amend the Constitution: the case of the ordinary road in accordance with the provisions of Article (126), and the case of the exceptional road in accordance with the provisions of Article (142) of the Constitution, as Article (126) of the Constitution specifies the competent authorities to propose amending the Constitution, which are the President of the Republic And the Council of Ministers together, or for five members of the House of Representatives, as the constitutional legislator tried to combine constitutional institutions. He stipulated the participation of the President of the Republic with the Council of Ministers for the government proposal, and five members of the House of Representatives without the Council of the Federation for the parliamentary proposal. As for the amendment proposal in accordance with the provisions of Article (142). of the Constitution, which is considered an exceptional method, as the constitutional amendment is proposed by a committee formed by the House of Representatives that includes representatives of the main components of Iraqi society, aiming to prepare a report on the amendments it deems necessary, and submits this report to the legislative authority within a period not exceeding four years. Months from the effective date of the Constitution.

This
study aims to identify the Arabian Gulf region is an important area for what this region has in its geographical location and oil wealth, where its geographical location is important in the southwestern part of the continent of Asia, where the waters of the Arabian Gulf are supervised by seven Arab countries, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar and Bahrain and to achieve the objectives of the study and ensure the validity of its hypotheses, it has used the historical method because it is the way to recreate the past and to read the history of the Arabian Gulf and the geopolitical approach because it is based By analyzing the state through the functions that it will perform, especially if the elements of harmony, compatibility and vitality are available, and this is related toClosely related in terms of strategic terms in the management of domestic and foreign policy in relation to the interests of the state and accordingly, the functional approach within the framework of geopolitics means the study of international relations, and the theory of the role because it defines the concept of foreign policy makers for what decisions, obligations, rules and actions appropriate to their state. The Arab Gulf states are exploited and depleted by parties to foreign protection agreements and treaties. The policy of intimidation practiced by America against these countries is a policy prepared for this purpose, which scares them from Iran, although this fear is real given the facts of history that reveal Iranian expansion.

The
United States of America has focused on the Eastern Mediterranean region, as an integrated part of European security. The United States of America has considered the Eastern Mediterranean as a link to the Arabian Gulf by sea, land and air. The United States of America is aware that the region possesses large energy reserves and it is an important corridor for the passage of energy to and from the world, Russia is playing an active role in rebuilding the oil and gas infrastructure in the Eastern Mediterranean, especially in Syria and Libya. Through diligent efforts, Russian energy companies hope to control a large part of the pipelines, liquefaction facilities, refineries and ports, and thus benefit from Syria's position as a transit point for the region's oil and gas heading to Europe, but Russia wants to ensure its monopoly on the European oil market, through its presence in any complementary or alternative projects.

Under
the 2005 Constitution, there are two ways to amend the Constitution: the case of the ordinary road in accordance with the provisions of Article (126), and the case of the exceptional road in accordance with the provisions of Article (142) of the Constitution, as Article (126) of the Constitution specifies the competent authorities to propose amending the Constitution, which are the President of the Republic And the Council of Ministers together, or for five members of the House of Representatives, as the constitutional legislator tried to combine constitutional institutions. He stipulated the participation of the President of the Republic with the Council of Ministers for the government proposal, and five members of the House of Representatives without the Council of the Federation for the parliamentary proposal. As for the amendment proposal in accordance with the provisions of Article (142). of the Constitution, which is considered an exceptional method, as the constitutional amendment is proposed by a committee formed by the House of Representatives that includes representatives of the main components of Iraqi society, aiming to prepare a report on the amendments it deems necessary, and submits this report to the legislative authority within a period not exceeding four years. Months from the effective date of the Constitution.

This
study aims to identify the Arabian Gulf region is an important area for what this region has in its geographical location and oil wealth, where its geographical location is important in the southwestern part of the continent of Asia, where the waters of the Arabian Gulf are supervised by seven Arab countries, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar and Bahrain and to achieve the objectives of the study and ensure the validity of its hypotheses, it has used the historical method because it is the way to recreate the past and to read the history of the Arabian Gulf and the geopolitical approach because it is based By analyzing the state through the functions that it will perform, especially if the elements of harmony, compatibility and vitality are available, and this is related toClosely related in terms of strategic terms in the management of domestic and foreign policy in relation to the interests of the state and accordingly, the functional approach within the framework of geopolitics means the study of international relations, and the theory of the role because it defines the concept of foreign policy makers for what decisions, obligations, rules and actions appropriate to their state. The Arab Gulf states are exploited and depleted by parties to foreign protection agreements and treaties. The policy of intimidation practiced by America against these countries is a policy prepared for this purpose, which scares them from Iran, although this fear is real given the facts of history that reveal Iranian expansion.

The
United States of America has focused on the Eastern Mediterranean region, as an integrated part of European security. The United States of America has considered the Eastern Mediterranean as a link to the Arabian Gulf by sea, land and air. The United States of America is aware that the region possesses large energy reserves and it is an important corridor for the passage of energy to and from the world, Russia is playing an active role in rebuilding the oil and gas infrastructure in the Eastern Mediterranean, especially in Syria and Libya. Through diligent efforts, Russian energy companies hope to control a large part of the pipelines, liquefaction facilities, refineries and ports, and thus benefit from Syria's position as a transit point for the region's oil and gas heading to Europe, but Russia wants to ensure its monopoly on the European oil market, through its presence in any complementary or alternative projects.

Judicial
oversight is embodied in the authority possessed by the competent administrative courts to decide on administrative appeals related to illegal Embedding decisions that violate the administrative procedures for issuing a decision to include a public employee, whether those administrative courts are in Iraq or in comparative countries. This oversight is also represented in the authority of the court regarding the appeal submitted. before it in terms of returning it, canceling it, amending it, or awarding compensation according to its discretionary authority in that regard , The principle in the administrative judiciary is that it is a judiciary of legitimacy, meaning that it monitors the legality of the administrative decision and examines it, as the judge makes sure of the extent of its conformity with the applicable legal rules. If he finds it to be so, he keeps it in place, but if he finds it in violation, he decides to cancel it, but what the administrative judiciary has followed in its decisions is its departure from this trend. It examines the suitability of the decision taken with the reason that prompted management to issue it , As for the Embedding decisions issued by the administration to include the employee who caused damage to public funds, appropriateness control is carried out by the administrative judge to verify the legitimacy of the inclusion decision. Therefore, the employee’s responsibility is realized as a result of the damage he caused to public funds. It may be The amount of inclusion is more than the damage caused and is exaggerated. In this case, the reason appears that gives the Administrative Court the authority to amend the amount and make it proportional to the damage. Hence, the powers granted to the Administrative Court to appeal the inclusion decision can be identified through issuing judicial rulings.

In
all societies, oversight plays a fundamental and important role through the process of supervision and follow-up of the financial operations carried out by the institution in order to ensure the efficiency of implementation. Therefore, internal financial control over the budget of professional unions, which is exercised by parties within the union, is one of the most prominent types of control exercised over budgets. These professional facilities are in order to ensure the accuracy and validity of the implementation of calculations. The importance of this type of Arabization has emerged at the present time through the expansion of the activity of these professional unions, whether in Iraq or the countries under comparison, and at all levels, whether political, economic, or social.

The
geographical neighborhood between Iraq and Turkey has created compatible interests at times, and contradictory at other times between the two countries. The concordant interests gave rise to relations of cooperation and mutual understanding, just as the contradictory ones raised concerns and problems between the two neighbors Despite the privacy of the ties of history, religion and culture between Iraq and Turkey for a long time, contemporary developments in Iraqi-Turkish relations have been characterized by distinction at times and lukewarm at other times, and these contradictions in the relations between the two parties represent the accumulations of the two policies: external and internal for both countries since the establishment of the modern Turkish Republic in In 1923, the approach taken by Turkey towards the new regime that emerged in Iraq after the overthrow of Saddam Hussein's regime through the intervention of America, and its position was shaped by the influence of regional perceptions, bilateral relations and Iraqi internal politics. The purpose of the study is to know the internal, regional, and international variables of both countries and the effect of those variables on the foreign policy of both countries. As well as knowing the common factors or issues and the relationship between the two countries, including the water issue, the Kurdish issue, the Turkmen minority, and other political, economic and security issues. As well as the future vision of the Turkish-Iraqi relations under these circumstances.

Drones
are aircraft that are programmed and piloted remotely, controlled by specialized experts on the ground, and equipped with tools that allow them to perform the tasks required of them. They may be equipped with devices, cameras, and even missiles and missiles for use against specific targets. The drone is usually used for surveillance and attack at the military level, but it is also used in many other civilian fields such as firefighting, pipeline monitoring, in difficult and dangerous missions, and in cases of natural disasters.

The
building permit is one of the important administrative decisions that regulate the work of construction and urban planning of cities and has a role in maintaining public order with its elements (public security, public health and public tranquility), as it maintains public security by preventing violations that occur in construction and has a role in influencing The lives of individuals and preserving their health by preventing everything that might cause harm to others, especially by building slums that lead to the deterioration of the health situation in these communities. As well as preserving public tranquility by organizing buildings, not disturbing the basic design of cities, not allowing any individual activity that violates the controls and laws regulating construction, and explaining the nature of the violation by stating the jurisprudential trends that examined the nature of the violation, as well as explaining the elements of the violation, as the violation committed by the beneficiary includes three elements. They are the material pillar, the moral pillar, and the legal pillar

We
conclude from this study that societies that seek to obtain a democratic political system must believe in the most important principles of the system, which are belief in opinion and the other opinion and commitment to the frameworks regulating the work of these leaders at all levels, including the party level, and then in contrast to the majority government there is a government that opposes the majority, which is A minority of community leaders, especially political leaders, who have faith in the existence of the political opposition that monitors and criticizes course correction and takes over the management of the government in the event of the failure of the majority government. Therefore, these leaders must adhere to the frameworks regulating their work in the opposition at the party level initially so that they can adhere to other legal frameworks when they take office. The role in future government management.

That
the difference and diversity of the difficulties and challenges faced by the Iraqi military institution after (2010). or by delaying supply and arming contracts for the Iraqi army; From distorting the image of this institution through biased flags, However, the will of the Iraqi government in general, the security institutions, and the will of the Iraqi people in particular was an impenetrable barrier to any challenge that attempts to obstruct and thwart this institution. The Iraqi government has attached special importance to the military institutions, by developing and supporting them in a manner commensurate with the scale of the challenge facing our country, Iraq, and threatening its national security.

This
paper aims to explore and understand the political and overall social and psychological impact of Saddam Hussein’s nation-building policy in Iraq. The Contemporary Iraqi political sphere had been under the profound consequential legacy of Saddam's rhetoric of imposing an authoritarian rule in every ambit of the Iraqi political and social milieu. The paper aims to understand the atmosphere in which the Iraqi individuals lived during the Saddam Hussein regime. Some of the questions the paper seeks to answer are (1) What are the psychological and social consequences of Saddam’s legacy in Iraq? and (2) How far has this legacy affected the political process and national building post-Saddam era? The paper adopts the Milgram Stanley paradigm of Agentic State in explaining and answering the questions. It seeks to use the method to explain the authoritarian policies and measures the regime utilized in ruling its people. Furthermore, this helps identify both the cultural and psychological room of Voluntary Obedience within the Iraqi character. Notwithstanding the objectives, Milgram’s mechanism is a significant tool for analysing the power structure and the institutional context that the regime established to strengthen its rule over the people. Additionally, Milgram’s theory studies the individual as the agent of this institutional context, which helps to examine the psychological and societal consequences of Saddam’s legacy in the post-2003 years.