Rafidain journal of science

1

The Impact of Obesity on Infertile Women with Polycystic Ovaries in Iraq

Farah Kh. Al-Taie, Zena A. Al-Jawadi

Pages: 1-9 English

Abstract

The study has focused on obesityin women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), as a
potential new indicator of infertility by evaluating twelve biochemical and hormonal variables such
asprogesterone, estrogen, Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), LH/FSH ratio, Luteinizing hormone
(LH), Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), Prolactin, Cholesterol, Triglyceride (TG), Very Low
Density Lipoprotein (VLDL). High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) and Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL).
In all women, biochemical and hormonal tests have been examined. The effect of Waist to Hip ratio
(WHR) and Body Mass Index (BMI) has been evaluated. The correlation between being afflicted with
PCOS and WHR has been found to be positively correlated with LH, LH/FSH ratio, TSH, Cholesterol,
TG, LDL and VLDL, whereas the negative correlation with estrogen, progesterone, FSH and HDL.
Therefore, we conclude that WHR and BMI are new Indexes in obesity, indicating the increase of
infertility with PCOS risk.

Keywords

BMI infertility Obesity Polycystic ovary syndrome WHR

2

Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Activities of New Metal Complexes of Unsymmetrical Tetradentate Schiff Bases

Israa M. Al-Nidaa, Khnsaa Sh. Al-Nama

Pages: 10-22 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

Unsymmetrical Schiff baseH2L1=2-((8-((E)-1-((2-hydroxy phenyl) ethylidene amino) naphthalen-1-
ylimino) methyl)-6-methoxyphenol and H2L2=1-((E)-(8-((E)-1-(2-hydroxy phenol) ethylidene
amino) naphthalen-1-ylimino)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol which derived from 1,8-diaminonaphthalene
and 2-hydroxy acetophenone and then with 2-hydroxy-3-methoxy benzaldehyde or 2-hydroxy-1-
naphthaldehyde and their complexes of the type [M Ln], where n=1,2 and M=Co(II)
Ni(II),Cu(II)and Zn(II) have been synthesized.Adduct complexes of the type [MLn(py)2] were also
prepared in(1:2)(complex: py) molar ratio. The complexes and adducts were characterized by
elemental analysis (C.H.N), metal content, (IR,UV-Vis,1H-NMR)spectroscopy, conductivity and
magnetic measurements. The resulting data suggested that the Schiff bases containing ONNO donor
atoms act as dibasic tetradentate ligands through coordination with metal ions. Conductivity data in
DMF solution showed that all complexes are non-electrolyte. Magnetic moment and electronic
spectra dada indicate that the complexes have either squar planer or octahedral geometry, the
ligands and their complexes gram negative bacteria (Salmonella typhi andEscherichia coli).

Keywords

antibacterial activity. Schiff base unsymmetrical tetradentate

3

Preparation, Characterization and Biological Activities of some Unsymmetrical Schiff Bases Derived from m-phenyelenediamine and their Metal Complexes

Moza M. Al- Jiboury, Khansaa Sh. Al- Nama

Pages: 23-36 English

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Abstract

Unsymmetrical Schiff bases H2L1
=
[ 1- (( E )-(( 3-((( E) -2- hydroxybenzylidene)
amino)phenyl)imino)methyl) naphthalene-2-ol] and H2L2 = [1-((E)-((3-(((E)-1-(2-hydroxphenyl)
ethylidene ) amino ) phenyl ) imino ) methyl ) naphthalene - 2 – ol ] which derived from m -
phenylenediamine and 2-hydroxynaphthaldehyde and then with salicyaldehyde or 2-
hydroxyacetophenone, and their complexes of the type [M 2Ln 2], where n = 1, 2 and M =
Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) have been synthesized. Adduct complexes of the type
[M2Ln
2 (py)4] were also prepared in (1 : 4)(complex : py) molar ratio. The complexes and
adducts were characterized by elemntal analysis (C. H. N), metal content, (IR, UV- v.s,
1H-NMR) spectroscopy, conductivity and magnetic measurements. The resulted data suggested
that the Schiff bases containing ONNO donor atoms acts as dibasic tetradendetate ligands
through coordinated with metal ions. Conductivity data in DMSO solution showed that
all complexes are non- electrolyte. Magnetic moment and electronic spectra data indicat
that the complexes have either tetrahedral or octahedral geometry while [Ni2 Ln
2]
complexes have square planer geometry. The legends and their complexes were screened
for antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus- aureus and Escherichia coli. The ligands
and their complexes showed some biological activities

Keywords

Antibacterial Activity m-phenylenediamine Schiff base unsymmetrical tetradentate

4

Synthesis and Biological Activity of some New Nitrogenous Heterocyclic Compounds Derived from Azachalcone

Munera Y. Roof, Shakir M. Saied

Pages: 37-46 English

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Abstract

A series of heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen and nitrogen atoms, isoxazoline ІI(a-d)
and another containing two nitrogen atoms, pyrazolinesІII(a-d) and phenylpyrazolines IV(a-d) were
prepared by the reaction of a proper azachalcones І(a-d) with hydroxylaminehydrochloride, hydrazine
hydrate or phenylhydrazine. These heterocyclic compounds were characterized by 1H-NMR , CHN , IR
and UV spectra in addition to their some physical properties. Also, these prepared compounds were
screened for their biological activities and a theoretical calculation which shows that the product IVa
obtained from 1,2 – rout was energetically more stable by 1.3967 kcal/mole than that came from 1,4 –
rout, thus the reaction proceed via 1,2 – addition

Keywords

azachalcone biological activity isoxazoline pyrazoline

5

Spectrophotometric Determination of Mesalazine in Pharmaceutical Preparations by Diazotization and Coupling with 2,6- Dihydroxytoluene as a New Coupling Agent

Alaa T. Aziz, Saad H. Sultan

Pages: 47-55 English

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Abstract

A simple and sensitive spectrophotometric method is proposed for the determination of
mesalazine (MZ) in some of its pharmaceutical preparations. The method is based on the
diazotization of mesalazine by reaction with sodium nitrite in an acidic medium and then coupling
of diazonium salt corresponding to mesalazine with 2,6-dihydroxytoluene reagent in basic medium
to produce an intense orange colored water-soluble and stable azo-dye for at lest two hrs, and
exhibits maximum absorption at 453 nm. Beer’s law is obeyed in the concentration range of 2.5-100
μg of mesalazine in a final volume of 10 ml i.e.,0.25-10.0 ppm with a molar absorptivity of 4.6×104
l. mol-1. cm-1 and sandell sensitivity index of 0.00332 μg. cm-2 . A relative error is -0.48 to -4.80
and relative standard deviation of ±0.01 to ±0.17 depending on the concentration level. The
proposed method has been applied successfully to determine mesalazine in pharmaceutical
preparations, tablets and suppositories

Keywords

2 6-dihydroxytoluene reagent spectrophotometry. Diazotization and coupling Mesalazine

6

Using of 2,7-Dihydroxynaphthalene as a Novel Reagent in Spectrophotometric Assay of Chloramphenicol

Sudad R. Jamal, Nabeel S. Othman

Pages: 56-63 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

An indirect spectrophotometric method for the determination of chloramphenicol (CAP) has
been suggested. The method is based on the oxidative coupling reaction of reduced
chloramphenicol (R-CAP) with 2,7- dihydroxynaphthalene (2,7-DHN) reagent in the presence of
potassium dichromate as oxidizing agent to produce brown colored, stable and soluble product.
This product showed maximum absorption at 544 nm. Beer’s law is obeyed over the range 0.5-
7.5.μg.ml-1 of R – CAP and molar absorptivity of 1.069×105 l.mol-1.cm-1 and Sandell's sensitivity
index of 0.0030 μg.cm-2, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ), relative error
(RE%) and relative standard deviation (RSD%) have been estimated. The method has been
successfully applied to the determination of CAP in drug formulations.

Keywords

2 7- dihydroxynaphthalene chloramphenicol oxidative coupling Spectrophotometry

7

Electrochemical Behavior of Valsartan, Glibenclamide and their Interaction with Each other Using Square Wave Voltammetry

Aws Z. Al-Hafidh, Amer Th. Al-Taee

Pages: 64-75 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

In this work an electrochemical behavior quantification and interaction of valsartan and
glibenclamide were studied using square wave voltammetric technique. The effect of temperature
on the interaction was investigated and the thermodynamic parameters (ΔH, ΔS & ΔG) were
calculated for the interaction and binding constant (K) also obtained. The calibration curves of each
drug were linear within the range of concentration [(4.99×10-7) – (6.95×10-6)], [(5.96×10-8) –
(1.15×10-6)] molar with R2 value equal to 0.9819, 0.9926 for valsartan and glibenclamide
respectively

Keywords

Drug interaction. glibenclamide Square wave voltammetry (SWV) valsartan

8

Spectrophotometric Determination of Paracetamol Using Diazotization Coupling Reaction

Enas S. Thanoon

Pages: 76-83 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

An accurate, simple, and sensitive indirect spectrophotometric method which proposed and
developed for the determination of paracetamol in different pharmaceutical preparations. The
proposed method was based on acid hydrolysis of PAR to produced p-aminophenol (PAP), PAP
was diazotization with nitrite ion to form the corresponding diazonium salt, followed by coupling
with histidine reagent in alkaline medium to produced azo dye that showed maximum absorbance
at 430 nm. Beer's law was obeyed in the concentration rage of 10-500 μg/20 ml (i.e. 0.5-25 ppm).
The molar absorpitivity and Sandell's sensitivity of the dye were. 1.118×104 l.mol-1.cm-1and 0.0135
μg.cm-2 respectively. The method successfully has been applied for the determination of PAR in
pure form,and its pharmaceutical preparations (tablets, syrup and injection).

Keywords

enashamoo1981@gmail.com

9

Indirect Colorimetric Estimation of Fluoride Ion in Water and Pharmaceutical Preparation Samples

Nief R. Ahmad, Farha K. Omar

Pages: 84-89 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

An indirect method for the estimation of fluoride ion has been developed.The method is based
on the bleaching action of fluoride ion on the color of Ti (IV)with 2-hydroxy-1-(2-hydroxy-4-sulfo-
1-naphthylazo)-3-naphthanic acid (HHSNNA) complex with proportional decrease of absorbance.
Therefore,the decrease in color intensity is proportionalto the concentration of fluoride ion. Molar
absorptivityis 0.1166×104 l. mol-1.cm-1 atwavelength 685 nm. Beer's lawis obeyed over the
concentration range of 0.2-4 μg/ml.The proposed method is applied successfullyto determine
fluoride ion in different real water samples andpharmaceutical preparations (Tablets). The proposed
method is compared favorably with Eriochrome cyanine R – Zirconium method

Keywords

fluoride ion Pharmaceutical Preparations water samples

10

Synthesis of Schiff Bases Derivatives from Benzene Diamine Containing Acridine Moiety

Shaimaa Y. Ibraheem, Rafid K. Jameel

Pages: 90-99 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

One side of (o, m and p) benzene diamine reacted with aromatic aldehyde to give Schiff bases
(Ia-d) or (IIa-d) and (IIIa-d) respectively. The second amine group of the synthesized Schiff bases
(Ia-d or IIa-d and IIIa-d) was reacted with substituted-9-chloroacridine to give the final compounds
namely N-(Substituted benzylidene )-N'-(Substituted acridine -9-yl) (1,2 or 1,3 and 1,4) benzene
diamine (V,VI,VII).The reaction progress was followed by thin layer chromatography (TLC), and
Rf values were recorded. I.R. Spectral data for all the synthesized derivatives were reported. The
U.V-Vis., and the 1HNMR(300and 400MHz) were recorded for some derivatives to support the
structure of the synthesized compounds.

Keywords

Acridine Benzenediamine Schiff bases

11

New Tridentate Hydrazone Metal Complexes Derived from 2-Hydroxy-4- Methoxyacetophenone and some Acid Hydrazides: Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Activity Evaluation

Dhufr A. Omer*, Abdul Ghany M. Al-Daher

Pages: 100-111 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

A new series of complexes of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) with three hydrazones ligands(L)
derived from 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy acetophenone (Paeonol) and 4-methylbenzoylhydrazide (AMBH),
acetyl hydrazine (AAH), or picolinoyl hydrazine (APH) with the general formula [M(L-H)2].nH2O
(n= 0, 1, or 2) where L-H = deprotonated AMBH, AAH or APH, have been prepared and characterized
by elemental analyses, spectral (FT-IR, UV–visible) as well as molar conductance and magnetic
measurements. The data revealed that the ligands AMBH and AAH act as mono-negative ONO
chelates coordinated through the carbonyl group and the phenoxy oxygen atoms and azomethine
nitrogen atom, while APH acts as NNO chelate, coordinated through the pyridine and azomethine
nitrogen atoms and the phenoxy oxygen atom. On the basis of electronic spectral and magnetic moment
data, an octahedral geometry is suggested for all complexes. Also, the ligands and some of their
complexes were screened for antibacterial activities.

Keywords

Antibacterial Activity complexes Hydrazones transition metals

12

Synthesis and Characterization of New Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) with Bis-hydrazones Complexes

Ahmed A. Aldabagh, Abdul Ghany M. Al-Daher

Pages: 112-119 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

A number of new Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes with 2,5-hexanedione bis(4-
methylbenzoyl hydrazone)(HDMBH), 2,5-hexanedione bis(2-theonyl hydrazone)(HDTH) and 2,5-
hexanedione bis(2-furoyl hydrazone)(HDFH) have been reported.The bis-hydrazone ligands were
synthesized by the condensation of 2,5-hexanedione with (4-methylbenzoic acid hydrazide,2-
thiophene carbohydrazide or 2-furic acid carbohydrazide) in 1:2 molar ratio. The reaction of
metal(II) chlorides with the ligands in (1:1) molar ratio in ethanol in presence of triethylamine lead
to the isolation of complexes having the general formula [M(L-2H)(H2O)2] where (M= Co(II),
Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II)) and (L-2H=doubly deprotonated ligand). The ligands and complexes have
been characterized by elemental analysis, spectral (IR,UV-Vis), magnatic and molar conductance
measurements, which revealed that the ligands HDMBH, HDTH, and HDFH act as dinegtive
charge tetradentate (NNOO-2) donor ligands in the metal complexes, coordinated through the two
azomethine group nitrogen atoms and the two enolic oxygen atoms. All complexes provide an
octaheadral geomatry

Keywords

2 5-hexanedione complexes Hydrazones Transition metals.

13

Electrochemical Study of Theophylline - Urea Interaction Using Square Wave Voltammetry

Asmaa M. Al-Hasany, Haitham A. Al-Wahb, Amer Th. Al-Taee

Pages: 120-126 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

In this work, the interaction between theophylline (TP) which gives a stable well-defined
reduction peak at (1.07) V versus Ag/AgCl. Sat. KCl/ in phosphate buffer solution (pH=7) and urea
was studied using square wave voltammetry (SWV) technique. Also, the binding constant and the
thermodynamics parameters have been calculated. Different temperatures (288, 293, 298, 298, 303,
308 and 310) ºK were used to study the effect of temperature on binding constant (K). The results
showed that the binding constant (K) decreased with increasing temperature. This is as a result of
the negative value of enthalpy (-31.07)KJ.mol-1. The negative value of Gibbs energy (-13.632 x
102_ -12.296 x 102) KJ.mol-1 indicates that the interaction is spontaneous and could be due to van
der Waals forces or hydrogen bonds effect (weak interaction).

Keywords

Interaction Modified electrode theophylline Urea

14

Spectrophotometric Determination of Mesalazine

Safaa A. Al-Zakaria

Pages: 127-134 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

Mesalazine (MESA) is determined by a simple and rapid visible spectrophotometric method.
This method is depend on oxidative coupling reaction of mesalazine with histidine (HIS) in
alkaline media using N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) as oxidizing agent to form a water soluble and
stable product, that it has a maximum absorption at 459 nm. Beer's law is followed in a
concentration range of 50 to 750 μg /20ml (2.5-37.5 μg /ml) with a molar absorptivity of
3.3682×103 l.mol-1. cm-1. The recommended method has been successfully applied to the assay of
MESA in pharmaceutical preparations.

Keywords

Histidine Mesalazine oxidative coupling Spectrophotometry

15

Synthesis and Characterization of Some Novel Hydrazones of N-{11Hpyrido[ 2,1-b]quinazolin-11-one-9-yl} hydrazine

Attallah M. Sheat, Rafid K. Jameel

Pages: 135-145 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

The 2-[(6-chloro-2-pyridyl) amino]benzoic acid (I) was synthesized viaUllmann-Goldberg
coupling by reaction of anthranilic acid with2,6-dichloropyridine. The compound (I) was cyclized
by using poly phosphoric acid (PPA) to give 9-chloro-11H-pyrido[2,1-b]quinazolin-11-one (II). The
compound (II) reacted with hydrazine hydrate to give N-{11H-pyrido[2,1-b]quinazolin-11-one-9-
yl} hydrazine (III). The compound (III) reacted with various aromatic aldehydes to yield the
hydrazones (IVa-p). The reaction progress was followed by thin layer of chromatography (TLC).
The physical constants and Rf values were recorded. The synthesized compounds were confirmed
via the spectral data (UV,I.R,1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, mass spectra). The possible fragmentation
pattrene of GC/MS for the compounds (IVa) were investigated (IVh).

Keywords

anthranilic acid hydrazine Hydrazones pyridoquinazoline

16

Spectrophotometric Estimation of Thiamine in Tablet form Application to Content Uniformity Testing

Nief R. Ahmad*, Wael A. Al-Qazzaz

Pages: 146-151 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

A simple, rapid, accurate and sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of
thiamine has been developed. The method is based on the direct reaction between thiamine and
sodium hydroxide to produce a yellow colored product having maximum absorption at 335 nm.
Beer's law was obeyed over the concentration range of 2-20μg/ml,with molar absorptivity of
1.58x104 l/mol.cm. The present method was considered to be simple because it does not need
heating, hydrolysis and solvent extraction steps. The ingredients often formulated with thiamine,
have been shown not to interfere, and is suitable for the routine determination of thiamine. The
proposed method has been successfully applied for the determination of thiamine in pure form and
in pharmaceutical preparations(tablets).

Keywords

Pharmaceutical Preparations Spectrophotometry Thiamine

17

Electrochemical Biosensor Hemoglobin Immobilization Determination of the Breast Cancer Drug (Adriamycin)

Mohammed I. Mageed, Eman A. Al-Jawadi

Pages: 152-163 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

Electrochemical biosensor is an effective tool for pharmaceutical analysis due to its
simplicity, specificity, sensitivity, fast, cost effective and repetitive measurements with miniaturized
and portable devices. The paper illustrates the detail methodology for development of an
electrochemical biosensor based on hemoglobin (Hb) film modified for anticancer drug adriamycin
(ADM). Square wave voltammetry (SWV) studies of the electrodes before and after immobilizing
of HB shows the successful formation of a selectivity of the electrode. The proposed Hb based
biosensor allows quantitation over the range 1 to 80×10-8M, The suggested biosensor method can be
successfully applied to the detection and determination of anticancer drug adriamycin in different
drug formulations and can be suggested as a suitable sensor for analysis of Adriamycin in biological
samples.

Keywords

Adriamycin Breast cancer. Electrochemical biosensor hemoglobin

18

Storage Stabilityand Compatibility of Dura Asphalt Modified by SBS

Doha N. Saad, Eman I. Ahmed

Pages: 164-174 English

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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to characterize the physical behaviour of Dura asphalt modified
by styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS)co-polymer. The polymer modified asphalt (PMA) was
produced by mixing a 40/60 penetration grade Dura (base) asphalt withdifferent ratios of the
copolymers. The resultsthus exhibited that the modification of the authentic asphalt by SBS had
great impact on the physical properties of the asphalt. Furthermore, the high temperature
performance of the original asphalt was enhancedsuch that the morphology observed by microscope
examinationrevealed the compatibility between SBS and asphalt. Additionally,the storage stability
of the binder was significantly improved in comparison with Dura asphalt

Keywords

asphalt compatibility SBS Storage stability.

19

Square Wave Voltammetric and Computational Study of Thyroxine-Thiourea Interaction

Marwa N. Abdul-Fattah*, Saddalah T. Sulaiman, Haitham A. AL-Wahab

Pages: 175-183 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

The voltammetric behavior of Thyroxine (T4) was studied using square wave voltammetry in
phosphate buffer solution at (pH 7.0) as supporting electrolyte. Thyroxine gives two well-defined
reduction peaks at Ep1 (-0.359) volt and Ep2 (-1.01) volt versus the reference electrode
(Ag/AgCl/Sat.KCl). The calibration curve is linear within a two range of concentration, first is
(1.996x10-7 - 19.61x10-7)M with the R2 equal to (0.999) and (0.9963) for Ep1 and Ep2 respectively,
and second (0.996x10-6 - 11.857x10-6) M with the R2 equal to (0.9819) and (0.9848) for Ep1 and
Ep2 respectively. The Gibb`s free energy (ΔG), enthalpy (ΔH) and entropy (ΔS) changes of
temperature dependent on (K) were calculated using Van`t Hoff equation for Thyroxine and
Thiourea binding. The molecular docking between Thyroxine and Thioureahas been studied, and
the results indicates thatthe interaction between T4 and TU was mainly hydrogen bonding and van
der Waal`s interaction.

Keywords

Interaction molecular docking. thiourea thyroxine

20

Square Wave Voltammetric and Computational Study of the Thyroxine-Uracil Interaction

Marwa N. Abdul-Fattah, Saddalah T. Sulaiman, Haitham A. AL-Wahab

Pages: 184-192

Full Text Issues

Abstract

The voltammetric behavior of Thyroxine (T4) was studied using square wave voltammetry in
phosphate buffer solution at (pH 7.0) as supporting electrolyte. Thyroxine gives two well-defined
reduction peaks at Ep1 (-0.359) volt and Ep2 (-1.01) volt verses (Ag/AgCl/Sat.KCl) as reference
electrode. The Gibb`s free energy (ΔG), enthalpy (ΔH) and entropy (ΔS) changes of temperature
dependent on (K) were calculated using Van`t Hoff equation for Thyroxine and Uracil binding. The
molecular docking between Thyroxine and Uracil has been studied, and the results indicate that the
interaction between T4 and Ur was mainly hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interaction.

Keywords

Interaction Molecular Docking thyroxine uracil

21

Interactions Study of Co-enzyme-Q0 with Aniline and Pyrrole Using Square Wave Voltammetric Technique

Nada B. Sharif, Saddalah T. Sulaiman, Kasim Y. Rahawi

Pages: 193-203 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

The interactions of Co-enzyme Q0 with Aniline and Pyrrole were studied in aqueous
phosphate buffer solution at (pH=7.0) as supporting electrolyte using square wave voltammetry,
Co-enzyme Q0 gives a well-defined square wave voltammetric peak at (-0.0415) volt against the
reference electrode (Ag/AgCl/3M KCl). The binding constants (K) were calculated at different
temperatures. Vant's hoff equation is applied to calculate the thermodynamic parametrs
(ΔH enthalpy changes, ΔS entropy changes and ΔG free energy changes), and then the type of
interaction was estimated. The results indicated that the interaction between Co-enzyme –Q0 and
Aniline (ΔH and ΔS negative values) was probably due to Vander Waals forces or hydrogen
bonding interaction, and the second interaction between Co-enzyme-Q0 with Pyrrole (ΔH and ΔS
positive values) might be due to the hydrophobic interaction.

Keywords

aniline interaction. Keywords: Co-enzyme-Q0 Pyrrole Square Wave Voltammetry

22

Preparation and Physico Chemical Investigation of Manganese (II) Complexes with Hydrazone Ligands

Sahbaa A. Ahmed, Amira J. Al-Shaheen

Pages: 204-210 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

The work reported deals with the preparation and characterization of a number of new
complexes of manganese (II). The complexes are formed by the reaction of the mentioned metal
salts with three ligands of Schiff base type; the ligands are: dibenzoinlidenemalonoyldihydrazide
(L1H4), dibenzoinlidenesuccinyldihydrazide (L2H4) and dibenzoinlidenephthalolyldihydrazide
(L3H4). The prepared complexes have been characterized by molar conductance, CHN analysis,
metal contents,electronic spectra, infrared spectra, and magnetic susceptibility measurements.The
different studies suggest that all the complexes are hexacoordinated with octahedral geometry in the
neutral medium; the ligands formed cationic complexes of the type [Mn(LH4)]X2 were X=Cl-1and
NO3
-1
, while in a basic medium anionic complexes of the general formula K2[Mn(L)].

Keywords

acid hydrazide Hydrazone ligands Manganese (II) complexes. Schiff base complexes

23

Studies on Preparation and Characterization of Blend Polymers for Hydrogels Synthesis and Use for Protein Release

Roua\'a K. Al-Ojar, Fawzi H. Jabrail

Pages: 211-227 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

Carboxy methyl cellulose, pectin, chitosan or acrylic acid– poly (vinyl alcohol) blend
hydrogels were prepared using Glutaraldehyde (GLU) as chemical or sodium hexameta phosphate
(SHMP) as physical cross-linking agent. The prepared hydrogels have carried the advantage
properties of both blend materials and can be used for loading and releasing of BSA protein. The
degree of swelling of the prepared hydrogels was measured due to their different functional groups
in different pHs of (pH4, pH7 and pH9) in addition to the electrolyte solution of 0.1 N NaCl. The
blend hydrogels are characterized for their chemical structure using FT-IR. The XRD analysis was
investigated for determination of the hydrogels crystallographic structure. The differential thermal
analysis DTA and scanning electron microscope SEM were depended to study the thermal stability
and surface morphology of the hydrogel respectively. The hydrogels were loaded with BSA protein
model, and time of loading at (1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0) hrs were measured, beside the pH of the
loading solution of ph4, pH6 and pH8 were considered and the BSA concentrations of (0.5, 1.0, 1.5
and 2.0) g/L have been investigated for maximum loading percentages %Lmax of BSA on the
hydrogels. Finally the loaded BSA was released under different release conditions in 0.9% w/vNaCl
solution and pH4, pH6 and pH8 were depended and the BSA was tested to release at 15, 25 and
40oC releasing medium temperatures.

Keywords

Poly (vinyl alcohol) hydrogel; Bovine serum albumin release; Natural occurring polymers; Chitosan; Pectin; Carboxy methyl cellulose; Acrylic acid.

24

Preparation and Characterization of some Transition Metal Complexes with OleylXanthate and 1,10- Phenanthrolin

Fayhaa K. AL-Jarah, Saad E. AL-Mukhtar

Pages: 228-235 English

Full Text Issues

Abstract

Xanthatecomplexes of the general formula [M{Ag(oleylXant)2}2] (A) and [MM'(oleylXant)4] (B) were M = Copper (II), Nickel II), Cobalt (II) M' = Cadmium(II), Zinc(II). These complexes were reacted with bidentatelewis base (1,10-phenanthroline). The result of this reaction gave the complexes [M(phen)][{Ag(oleylxant)2}2] (I.A) and [M(phen)][M'(oleyl-xant)4] (I.B), which have been prepared and measured by an infrared, magnetic suscetptibility measurements, conductance measurements, electronic spectra and elemental analysis electronic absorption spectra. These data indicate gave the result that the complexes of the type (A & B) are a square planer geometry while the complexes of the type (I.A), (I.B) have an octahedral geometry.

Keywords

1 10-phenanthroline. Cobalt(II) Copper(II) Nickel(II) Xanthate

25

Clinical Study of Rhodanese Enzyme in Renal Failure Patients

ذكرى علي علوش, نوال ذنون يونس, رنا فاضل جاسم

Pages: 1-7 Arabic

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Abstract

The research involved clinical study of rhodanese enzyme and its relation with some
biochemical parameters in renal failure.
The result demonstrated a significant increase in the activity of rhodanese and metalloendopeptidase
and in concentration of urea, and potassium while a significant decrease activity of
sulfate oxidase, thiosulfate oxidase and arylesterase and in concentration of albumin and sodium in
renal failure patients compared with control.
The results also demonstrated a significant decrease in the activity of rhodanese in male
compared with female in each of patients and control groups.
Correlation coefficients between rhodanese and biochemical parameters of renal failure
patients showed that activity of rhodanese has negative correlation with activity of sulfate oxidase,
thiosulfate oxidase and concentration of albumin while appositive correlation with activity of
metallo –endopeptidase and concentration of urea in renal failure patients.
These results provide evidence of a major role for rhodanese enzyme in renal failure, which
led to consider it as a marker for renal failure and its relation with biochemical parameters in
patients group.

Keywords

arylesterase renal failure. rhodanese sulfate oxidase thiosulfate oxidase

Abstract

تضمن البحث دراسة سريريه لإنزيم الردينيز لدى مرضى العجز الكلوي وعلاقته ببعض المتغيرات الكيموحيوية في
مجموعة المرضى مقارنة مع مجموعة السيطرة حيث بينت النتائج وجود ارتفاع معنوي في فعالية إنزيمي الردينيز
وميتالواندوببتايديز، وتراكيز اليوريا، والبوتاسيوم بينما وجد انخفاض معنوي في فعالية الإنزيمات سلفيت اوكسديز
وثايوسلفيت اوكسديز والاريل استريز و تراكيز الألبومين والصوديوم مقارنة مع مجموعة السيطرة.
كما بينت النتائج وجود انخفاض معنوي في فعالية إنزيم الردينيز لدى الذكور مقارنة مع الاناث في كل من مجموعتي
المرضى والاصحاء.
ودرست العلاقة ما بين فعالية إنزيم الردينيز والمتغيرات الكيموحيوية المقاسة بإيجاد معامل الارتباط الخطي. ووجدت
علاقة خطية سالبة بين فعالية إنزيم الردينيز وفعالية انزيمي سلفيت اوكسديز وثايوسلفيت اوكسديز، وتركيز الألبومين وكذلك
وجدت علاقة خطية موجبة بين فعالية إنزيم الردينيز وفعالية إنزيم ميتالواندوببتايديز، وتركيز اليوريا لدى مرضى العجز
الكلوي.
يستنتج من البحث ان إنزيم الردينيز يعد مؤشرا لمرض العجز الكلوي وله علاقة مع عدد من المتغيرات الكيموحيوية
لدى مجموعة المرضى.

Keywords

الردينيز، سلفيت اوكسديز، ثايوسلفيت اوكسديز، الاريل استريز، العجز الكلوي.

26

Assessing the Environmental Situation for Excretion Management Stations in Al – Qayyarah Refinery

يسرى مجيد الشاكر, امنة باسل محمد

Pages: 8-22 Arabic

Full Text Issues

Abstract

ABSTRACT
The study was accomplished for the evaluation of the efficiency of the processing station of
excretion in Al – Qayyarah refinery, which is located in the area of Al – Qayyarah town toward the
south east direction of Mosul city / Iraq. For this purpose, monthly samples were collected for five
9 months from November 2013 to February 2014. Physical, chemical and biological tests were
carried out on the samples including Electrical Conductivity, Total Dissolved Solid, Turbidity,
Hardness, pH, Sulphate, Sodium and Potassium ions, Heavy metals, Oil,Chemical Oxygen
Demandand the Total number of bacteria. The results of this study showed that there was clear
variations in the values of those variables before and after treatment,such that values of the acidic
function before treatment ranged between (7-8.1) compared with the value after treatment which
ranged between (6.9-8.2).the values of Electrical Conductivity was (460-720)μmhos/cm before
treatment while the values after treatment was(350-630)μmhos/cm the rate of total hardness before
treatment was (233.8) mg/L compared with it’s rate after treatment (238.6) mg/L the nitrates ranged
between(0.403-1.341)mg/L before treatment and (0.470-1.423) mg/L after treatment and for
sulphate the values ranged between (56.16-67.416) mg/L before treatment compared with values
after treatment which was (55.33-69.83) mg/L, the values of concentration for the heavy metals(Pb,
Co, Cd, Cu) before treatment was (1.536-1.627), (0.05793-0.06644), (0.04794-0.04821), (0.5378-
0.5733) mg/L and thevalues after treatment was (1.324-1.410), (0.06899-0.07814), (0.04845-
0.06227), (0.5623-0.5825) mg/L and the total number of bacteria was between (100-1100) cell/ ml
before treatment comparedwithresults after treatment (300-3000) cell/ml. The results show that the
station’s pollutants removal was not efficient.

Keywords

Al – Qayyarah refinery Excretion management stations Pollutants.

Abstract

تضمنت الدراسة تقييم كفاءة محطة معالجة مطروحات مصفى القيارة/ العراق التي تقع في ناحية القيارة بالاتجاه
الجنوبي الشرقي لمدينة الموصل، ولأجل ذلك تم جمع عينات شهرية ولمدة خمسة اشهر من شهر تشرين الاول 2013 ولغاية
شهر شباط 2014 واجريت عليها العديد من الفحوصات الفيزيائية والكيميائية والبايولوجية والتي شملت التوصيل الكهربائي،
المواد الصلبة الذائبة الكلية، الكدرة، العسرة، الدالة الحامضية، النترات، الفوسفات، الكبريتات، ايونات الصوديوم والبوتاسيوم،
المعادن الثقيلة، الزيوت والمركبات الدهنية، المتطلب الكيماوي للأوكسجين فض ً لا عن قياس العدد الكلي للبكتريا. اظهرت نتائج
الدراسة وجود تغايرات واضحة في قيم المتغيرات اعلاه قبل عملية المعالجة وبعدها،اذ تراوحت قيم الدالة الحامضية قبل عملية
المعالجة مابين ( 7,0 8,1 ) مقارنة مع قيمتها بعد عملية المعالجة اذ تراوحت مابين ( 6,9 8,2 ) وقيم التوصيل الكهربائي
تراوحت قبل عملية المعالجة مابين ( 460 720 ) مايكروموز/سم اما بعد عملية المعالجة كانت ( 350 630 ) مايكروموز/
سم، اما بالنسبة للعسرة الكلية فبلغ معدلها قبل عملية المعالجة ( 233,8 ) ملغم/لتر اما معدلها بعد عملية المعالجة ( 238,6 ) ملغم/
لتر، اما النترات فتراوحت قيمها مابين ( 0,403 1,341 ) ملغم/ لتر قبل عملية المعالجة وبين ( 0,47 1,423 ) ملغم/ لتر
67,416 ) ملغم/ لتر قبل عملية المعالجة مقارنة مع - بعد عملية المعالجة، وبالنسبة للكبريتات فقد تراوحت قيمها مابين ( 56,16
69,83 ) ملغم/ لتر، في حين كانت قيم تراكيز المعادن الثقيلة لكل من - قيمها بعد عملية المعالجة والتي تراوحت مابين ( 55,33
،( 0,04794 0,04821 ) ،( 0,05793 0,06644 ) ،( الرصاص والكوبلت والكادميوم والنحاس ( 1,536 1,627
0,5378 0,5733 ) ملغم/ لتر على التوالي قبل عملية المعالجة اما قيم تراكيزها بعد عملية المعالجة فبلغت ( 1,324 )
0,5623 0,5825 ) ملغم/ لتر، في حين وصل العدد ) ،( 0,04845 0,06227 ) ،( 0,06899 0,07814 ) ،(1,410
الكلي للبكتريا الى قيم تراوحت مابين ( 100 1100 ) خلية/ مل قبل عملية المعالجة بالمقارنة مع نتائجها بعد عملية المعالجة
والتي تراوحت مابين ( 300 3000 ) خلية/ مل. بينت النتائج عدم كفاءة محطة المعالجة في ازالة الملوثات.

Keywords

مصفى القيارة، محطة معالجة المطروحات، الملوثات.

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