AL-AMEED JOURNAL

Praise be to Allah. The first who is second to none , the last who
has no last one but Him and peace and blessings be upon our sincere
prophet Mohammed and his benevolent and immaculate progeny.
The revolu????on of Imam Hussein (peace be upon him) was a beacon
of human and Islamic history and celebrated with a series of speeches
of Imam Hussein (peace be upon him) in his procession to Karbala.
This research aims to shed light on some aspects related to the concept
of discourse analysis in the speeches of Imam Hussein (peace
be upon him). Then it begins with the Arabic and Western origins to
analyze the speech. Moreover , the study tackles the mechanisms of
Imam’s speech (Peace be upon him) and its religious and literary tributaries
, the research ends with a review of persuasive speech as a
model to analyze the discourse of Imam Hussein (peace be upon him).

The study aims at iden????fying the human, spiritual, educa????onal,
and cultural dimensions of the Imam’s revolu????on, which are between
the greatest goals of reforma????on. There is a use to the descrip
????ve approach to analyze, in addi????on to the historical approach
through induc????on, inference, and conclusion to confirm the facts.
The research reaches several conclusions:
1- The Imam Hussein’s Revolu????on takes many meanings, dimensions,
connota????ons, lessons, and lessons.
2-The revolu????on of Imam Husain, peace be upon him, embodies
reform and guidance for all humanity without excep????on.
3-Imam Al-Hussein’s behavior from his departure from Madinah
un????l the day of his martyrdom in Karbala is of morale , pride
and dignity and designates servitude and absolute surrender to the
command of God.
4- The Karbala epic is one of the most important interna????onal
events, and indeed one of the most remarkable achievements of
humankind in the fields of armed struggle against oppression and
tyranny.

This study examines the aesthe????cs of dialogue, in one of the texts
of the historical biography of the important aspects of the subject
and style. The text, is (the story of the martyrdom of Imam Hussein
peace be upon him) reveals the mechanisms and methods used by
the Imam (peace be upon him) to address people, whether these
addressees , his home people , his companions and his supporters,
or from the hos????le camp to his fighters. It highlights the levels of
poe????c dialogue that dis????nguishes it from other poets, and varied
his ar????s????c methods, as well as it shows the versa????lity and accuracy
of speech choices in terms of syntax and dic????on and seman????cs.

It is a modern cri????cal approach to the study of texts, which is the
basis of many linguis????c studies, and seeks to study the structure of
poetry by shedding light on the repeated phenomena in the text
according to the levels of sound, composi????on and communica????on to
reveal the salient influences used by the writer. This research examines
the elegies, “lamenta????on of the Prophet and his family “in the light of
the morphology, the descrip????ve-analy????cal and sta????s????cal methodology
of linguis????cs and methodological phenomena. The results of the
study reaches the following points: In the vocal level, the lines come
according to their content in the different musical instruments. In
the occasion of the stress and the power, the poet benefits from the
stressed voiced sounds and plosives, in the modesty ones, he does
from the voiced sounds. The sad emo????on prompts the poet to use in
these verses the verbal sentences more than nominal ones.

The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, is
men????oned in the Gloriuos Quran. The research depicts the posi????on
that the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, has
between the rest of crea????ons. The expansion of the chest, the li????ing
of embarrassment and distress from it and the consolida????on of heart,
are between the signs of divine providence for the salva????on of His
servants. The greatest of the divine conquests and bebevelence are
his bless , so Allah opens the chest of His Beloved, peace be upon
him, without asking him while Moses asked for such a ma????er. That
is, the study details a part of the body of the Prophet to be under
the analysis lens.
The research includes an introduc????on and a preamble in explaining
the meaning of chest and heart, and the difference between them.
As for the first topic: It is an explana????on of the chest of the Prophet,
may God bless him and grant him peace, li????ing the embarrassment
and distress from it. As for the second one ; It is a statement of the
verses of the heart and chest, and the conclusion comes with the
most important findings the study reaches.

It seems to the observer of the speech structure of the Prophet’s
Hadith a clear interest in the meaning of the current context of the
various arguments, in terms of the presupposi????ons produced by
the text and the significance implied to the words, the seman????c
asser????on of the dialogue in that text, and what can be monitored
from the seman????c adequacy of the examples presented by the
dialec????c discourse. All these trends are then fused into the crucible
of argumenta????on as a mechanism to be proven. The modern
discourse depends on an important system of argumenta????on,
which is in harmony with the concept of argumenta????on as a source
of credibility for them, based on the elements of the argumenta????on
related to the report, its ac????ve argument and its interest in the
report. . The applica????ons of argumenta????on in dialec????c discourse
have considered several arguments, perhaps the most important
of which are the colloquial (linguis????c) methods, as well as the
mys????cism of some other arguments. The text also includes the tools
of argumenta????on known as linguis????c and fic????onal expressions and
scien????fic and cogni????ve reasoning.

The sermon goes beyond the features of the usual Arabic
sermon; the specificity of the event; the situa????on of the orator ,
circumstances of war are not the same in peace، Therefore، the
objec????ves were specific to these circumstances and goals the orator
wants to gain military interest. Such issues open a field of pragma????c
research studies which expose the inten????ons of the orator، and its
purposes of influence. The impact of these factors could be noted
on the structure of the sermon and the invoca????on of dialogue. The
pragma????c analysis of the war sermon was an analy????cal mechanism
revealing many pragma????c values in these speeches.

On August 4, 1578, Morocco witnessed the most important event
in its history, the Ba????le of the Valley of the almakhazin , between
the Saadi army and the invading forces led by the Portuguese King,
SebastainI. The ba????le was preceded and accompanied by events of
great importance. Then it resulted in the European occupa????on to be
pushed back in 1912.

Iraq emerges as a na????onal state since 1921 under a parliamentary monarchy.
In the ????me of King Faisal I, it was able to achieve the condi????ons of a modern
democra????c state, when the la????er was able to build cons????tu????onal administra????ve
ins????tu????ons that worked for the achievement of supreme na????onal interests amidst
poli????cal and par????san interests. The conflict between the na????onal will on the one
hand and the corrupt party poli????cal interests on the other, and the situa????on in this
area has become worse, especially a????er the death of King Ghazi and the arrival of
his son Faisal II to rule and because of the young age of the la????er, Abdul Ilah took
the custody of the throne. The events of economic and poli????cal repercussions cast
a shadow to affect nega????vely on the administra????on of the country.
This study is conducted to clarify and determine the integrity of the
administra????ve and financial administra????on of the State of Iraq during the
period (1939-1958). The beginning of 1939 is the star????ng point of the research,
represen????ng the death of King Ghazi and the entry of Iraq under the tutelage.
The influence of the guardian Abdul Ilah, who had the upper hand in the
administra????on of the country even a????er 1953, the year that King Faisal II
received his cons????tu????onal powers, the guardian Abdalah remained dominant in
the administra????on, and throughout this period un????l 1958 the country was in a
state of exploita????on of power. The country was going through difficult economic
condi????ons the Iraqis lived a????er World War II, which has affected the country’s
administra????on func????onally when the rampant phenomenon of bribery spreads in
the administra????ve staff.
The study includes the administra????ve exploita????on of power in the monarchy
(the second part of the study) 1939-1958), focusing on the policy adopted by
the government in the exploita????on of the legisla????ve power ,the employment
of parliament for poli????cal interests, the policy of recruitment , appointment of
ministers, and the poli????cal employment of the judiciary by government officials.
The third sec????on was devoted to the disclosure of wealth and behavior (1939-
1958), in which we discussed the financial and administra????ve situa????on of
ministers and senior officials.

The study deals with the use of modern techniques in analyzing
the earthquake that struck the Iraqi-Iranian border southeast of
Halabja, using GIS 10. 4 and Geotool to analyze seismic waves. The
study hypothesis was developed according to the research problem
and through the adop????on of Geographic Informa????on Systems (GIS)
as a research tool in the establishment of databases that helped
facilitate the predic????on and evalua????on of the effects of the earthquakes
leading to be????er decisions on minimizing adverse impacts
on areas affected by earthquakes.
Northern Iraq has been hit by many earthquakes in recent ????mes,
where the observatories of the General Authority for Meteorology
recorded more than 600 tremors in the north-eastern region of the
country, and the nature of the rocks of the border region between
Iraq and Iran on the one hand and Iraq and Turkey on the other
hand that Iraq falls within the ac????vity area Seismic also referred to
in many interna????onal reports.
Because the Arab plate is thinner than the Iranian one, this has
made the effects of the earthquakes clear and significantly affec????ng
the countries in the north and northeast of Iraq.
In this study, four events were analyzed and detailed and the
results were given about the event such as loca????on, ????me, size and
spectrum analysis as follows:
1- Analysis of the earthquake that occurred on 12/11/2017 in
Sulaymaniyah province / southeast of Halabja where it measured 5.
8 on the Richter scale.
2- Analysis of the earthquake that occurred on 1/1/2018 at the
Iraqi-Iranian border where 25 km southeast of Mandali / Diyala dis
trict and measured 5. 5 on the Richter scale and then followed by
38 a????ershocks un????l twelve o’clock the next day according to our
seismic observatories.
3- Analysis of the earthquake that occurred on 11/1/2018 in the
province of Baghdad has reached a magnitude of 4. 5 on the Richter
scale.
4- Analysis of the earthquake that occurred on 12 \ 1 \ 2018 in
Baghdad province and the magnitude of 4. 1 on the Richter scale.
The research also includes a geological and topographic study of
the northern border region with the Islamic Republic of Iran.
It seems through wave analysis by specialists in the Iraqi Na????onal
Data Center, and through the data received, it is a natural earthquake
not caused by any human ac????on.

This paper is a pragma- rhetorical study of irony in Al-Imam Al-
Hassan’s (peace be upon him) sermon to Muawia bin Abi Sufyan. It
a????empts to shed light on two types of irony: verbal and situa????onal.
It studies irony from two angles: pragma????cally and rhetorically.
Pragma????cally, speech acts and Grice’s maxims are analyzed in Al-
Imam Al-Hassan’s sermon. Rhetorically, metaphor and rhetorical
ques????on are explicated in the sermon. This paper is divided into two
parts: theore????cal and prac????cal. Theore????cally, irony is defined and
allied with pragma????cs and rhetoric. Prac????cally, Al-Imam Al-Hassan’s
(PBUH) sermon is analyzed according to the two above angles.