AL-AMEED JOURNAL

Highly distinguished the heritage of Ahalalbayt, peace
be upon them, grows with its originality, purity and the
ability to influence others due to the depth and the simplicity
of such heritage. The reason lies in the pertinence
of such a blessed school to the abode of prophethood,
inspiration and message. So there is providence and divine
custody to direct the pathway of Ahalalbayt imams.
One of the most important intellectual pillars of them is
the call to study monotheism and its discussions in a sound
manner in line with the values and principles of Muhammadan
Islam and in a manner that contributes to strengthening
the relationship between man and his Creator.
Imam Muhammad Al-Baqr lives in a nodal ,crucial and
historical period ; his grandfather is the imam A-Hussein
, the master of martyrs and the staunchest defenders of
right , and his father, Imam Ali bin Al-Hussein Al-Sajjad,
the author of Al-Sahifa Al-Sajjadiyah celebrating love and
divine adoration for Allah in its most brilliant form . His son
Imam is Ja`afr Al-Sadiq, the founder of the highly reputed
and authentic denomination, whose life coincided with the
emergence of the heresy movement, and his role in confronting
such a movement and refuting its vanities. Therefore,
through this research is trace that Imam Muhammad
Al-Baqr had a great role in guiding Muslims to the sources
of authentic Islam in matters of monotheism and in convincing
the opponents of his teachings and sapience

This research, Al-Baqr and His Role in Confronting
Moral Deviation, discusses the indulgence of the Umayyad
Caliphate in its internal struggles, in quashing the
rebellions against it and in reveling in in luxury. Such
casts a negative impact on the Islamic community and
does injustice and tyranny.
Al-Imam Al-Baqr works on reforming the Islamic nation
makes use of the Umayyad indulgence in the abovementioned
acts in taking two ways: the first is a scientific
way of founding the Ahalalbayt intellectual school
and the second is to face the aspects of the intellectual,
economic and moral deviation depending on those who
want staunchly to change and scholars who contribute
to spreading sciences and the teachings and recommendations
of Al-Imam al-Baqr (peace be upon him).

The current research study. Efforts of Imam Al-Baqir in
Extirpating Islamic Doctrine from Fanaticism and Extremism,
embraces the most important events in his chronicle,
peace be upon him, and his noble lineage, from his
grandfather to his father and mother. Most of scientists
from different Islamic denominations attest that the
imam is of sublime ethics and good morality and the
emergence of fanatic cliques that rise in his reign attributing
fairytales and legends to his name. Without the efforts
of Imam Al-Baqir in refuting them and exonerating
himself from these fairytales and legends by enjoying
good and forbidding as found in the Glorious Qur’an that
calls to argue in the best way of wisdom and advice. The
study goes distinguished as having diverse Islamic references
from different denominations though it holds limited
numbers of pages but represents a universal Islamic
vision.

The present research article is concerned with the history
of Qantara, White Arch , Al-Baydha and its practical
documentation in Karbala to be studied historically and
architecturally and traces all the necessary details in references,
historical sources or the archival information .
Besides, there is a great attention to the descriptive efforts
that dominates the site observations to the arch ;
measurements , parts , architectural structure .
Such an article is to shed light on the most renovations
, reformations the qantara goes through in comparison
with similar models to have a crystal clear view
on the monument ; its architectural parts as in minarets
and buttress walls and the construction materials as in
bricks and plaster.
The research found that the history of the arch dates
back to the Ottoman era, as there is a constructional pattern
as compared to other models . The Karbala architect
proves his professionalism .

During the period (1915-1922) the Italians succeeded
in provoking multiple conflicts stirring internal conflicts
in many places, causing their parties to enter a violent
armed struggle ; Ramadan al-Suwahili, the leader of
Misurata, and Khalifa Bin Askar in the Western Mountain.
These parties cast onerous losses on all the warring
parties that force them to devote themselves to wars
and internal fighting, rather than fighting the occupation
and beget severe consequences on the jihad movement.
Such sets the Italians more dominant to impose their authority
on Libya in 1931 .
Ramadan al-Suwahili (1915-1922), who is the leader
of Misurata, was also involved in the internal fighting,
as he was one of the contributors to the great victory
against the Italians, he gains control over Misurata and
some of the neighboring areas, then he entered into a
series of internal wars, with the Senussians and others.
On August 20, 1920 he was killed during a raid on the
city of Warfala. The internal conflict widens the spli????ng
of the national unity and gives force to the occupation .

The importance of this study is to highlight the nature
of environmental awareness in Islamic law for the individual
in a society. The divine rules and rational Islamic
teachings focus on the environment and avoiding misuse,
pollution and disturbing its balance that threaten
human life with diseases and infectious viruses and other
risks and hinders the course of life Allah , the Almighty ,
order for the interest of man.
This research comes to urge the inculcation of environmental
behavior in the light of Islamic law as stated
in the Glorious Quran and the traditions to create generation
after generation that deals with its environment
in conformity with what both Allah and His Messenger
command . In doing so , it is to achieve a major goal of
human creation and succession on earth to live in health
and safety .
Allah , the Almighty, urge all the creatures to preserve
the environment by reforming it and not spoiling it and
polluting it. To live on it with security, peace, health and
wellness. As found in the Glorious Quran : “He has produced
you from the earth and settled you in it”.

Divorce is considered both a social and psychological problem.
It is a popular phenomenon in all societies worldwide
and increases recently. In fact , it is the most hated \"Halal \" in
Islam because of the negative impact on family bonds and on
children in particular. Also there are many social and psychological
effects ; psychiatric disturbances, crime and perverted
behaviour. Without doubt , many scholars pay special attention
to the way men and women control their relationship and
the way they create a family together. As found that many religions
and rules devote great chapters to showing that such a
bond could survive and be manageable. The bond lays itself to
be a raw material to sociologists, psychologists, philosophers
and clergymen in all times because of its dynamicity and being
the fount of the continuity of life , happiness and development.
The current study is divided into two parts: the first is
the theoretical one where the problem of the study, the aims,
and some related questions are presented. The term Divorce
is also defined both linguistically, psychologically and lawfully.
The impact of divorce on family and children is also presented
and how Islam defines divorce. The second part is the practical
part where the methodology of the study is shown ; the
participants of the study, the questionnaire and the statistics
used in analyzing the data. It also cuddles some conclusions
and suggestions for further research. In order to tackle the
problem of the study sufficiently, 125 divorced women take
part in the study.

The study deals with the fields of exegeses narrated
by Ahalalbayt (PBUT).It is the field that Ahalalbayt offers
to all in explicating the Glorious Quran . At the very outset
, the research article traces what certain sources do
in such a concern , then the article manifests its stance
and shows a kind of analysis justifying the fields of explication
Ahalalbayt chooses to focus . It is an attempt to
uncover specific angles of the authentic explication done
Ahalalbayt .

Cognitive linguistics describes language as the perception of
human cognitive abilities and views it as a tool for organizing, processing, and conveying information and also the intellectu-
al representation of the universe. Since the basis of cognitive linguistics is semantics, metaphor is viewed as one of the most
focal points of study in this approach, and attention to it can be considered as the most prominent development in cognitive linguistics, because cognitive metaphor is not just a figure of
speech to decorate discourse, but it is the understanding and
experience of an abstract conceptual field in the form of an-
other conceptual domain that is usually more tangible.
Using a cognitive linguistic approach based on nine con-
ceptual metaphor hypotheses, the present research studies
the conceptual analysis of all the metaphors of the world in
the field of animal in Nahj al-Balaghah.
The most significant findings of this study are:
1. Contrary to the belief of Kövecses excluding the person-
ification only to giving human features to abstract concepts, there are metaphors where animal characteristics are given
to non-human phenomena. Therefore, animism includes both
personification and animalification.
2. Some of the animalistic features are linked with the ab-
stract concept of the world, and this connection is linguistically
unconventional. What improves such an unconventional com-
pany is the extension of meaning. This helps the mind to attri-
bute some of the animal’s characteristics to an abstract field
that lacks those features based on several cognitive mappings.