Journal of Imam Al-Kadhum College

The concepts of enlightenment, renewal, and globalization should take on a new form that suits the modern age to curb those who deny religious constants, who are interested in succumbing to the allure of life and its pleasures, which Islam has not absolutely forbidden but has surrounded with a bracelet that ensures human happiness and frames it within the framework of purity, chastity, and social cohesion.
Modernists today call for renewal, but in reality, they are reviving the opinions of those who witnessed the dawn of Islam and are adopting their views that were established by God Almighty in the verses of the Quran. They call for the abolition of the sanctity of the Holy Quran by seeking to prove its humanity and thus instill the possibility of deficiency and flaws in it and in the minds of the young, then questioning the revelation to break trust in the sanctity of the Quranic text, and then questioning the Messenger. That is, doubts extend to the message, the Messenger, and the Sender. Their proofs are only from the inspiration of their thoughts that are prone to error, deficiency, and confusion.
Where are those who were witnessed by people for their truthfulness, honesty, and integrity, and their Creator testified to that by saying, "Invite to your Lord, for you are surely on a straight path" (Al-Hajj: 67)? If there were any deficiency or moral flaw in his person, it would have been established among his contemporaries, knowing that what the deniers of the sanctity of the Holy Quran claim and their objection to the Prophet is the same thing that the Holy Quran established about them in its verses. For such people in the past accused him of madness, God forbid. This is what the Holy Quran mentioned by saying, "And they say, 'Shall we abandon our gods for a poet who is possessed?'" (As-Saffat: 36). They preferred the idols they made from stone, wood, or dates to the one God who created all these things, and who refuted them with proofs and evidence that sound reason accepts, but "They have hearts with which they do not understand, and they have eyes with which they do not see, and they have ears with which they do not hear" (Al-A'raf: 179).
They are as God Almighty described them in His Holy Book: "And they denied it, although their own souls were convinced of it, out of injustice and arrogance. So see what the end of the corrupters was" (An-Naml: 14). Praise be to God, Lord of the Worlds.

Donation is a type of charity, and it takes many forms, meaning that all of these forms are based on donation, such as secret donation of recommended charity, donation in aid of charitable institutions, donation to release and drop the debt of others either through charity, reconciliation or clearing, and many other types of donation. The condition for donation in all its types and forms is that it comes from the person with his own satisfaction without being forced by anyone, and that donation is a charitable act that never ends, but rather is for the sake of growth and abundance.

The research studies the problem of the existence of an innate knowledge fixed in the mind that is characterized by intuition and clarity, and that there are religious facts such as knowledge of God the Creator, His oneness, the resurrection on the Day of Judgment, and other issues based on innate, intuitive knowledge, and that denying it negates the basis of knowledge in man and thus denies the possibility of man knowing the great truths of religion. The research revolves around basic points centered on the nature of innate knowledge, its most important characteristics, the most important religious issues on which it is based, proving the existence of God, that legislation is based on innate law, and that moral values, human happiness, and freedom are based on innate principles.

This paper raises a very important doctrinal problem that arises from the phenomenon of mutual influence between the human mind and the similar reality of the (belief in resurrection) in all religions and times.
This problem can be summarized in the following questions: Is it permissible to deny the Resurrection? Is there an intermediate realm? Where is the evidence for this? What will be the state of humanity on the Day of Judgment? Is lifespan fixed for humans, or is it in a state of constant change and flux?
Finally, does the speaker who believes in the Day of Resurrection look at this doctrine, which is devoid of material things, as the basis for it and resort to his mind, the Qur’anic verses, and the narrations in the hadith books, with an impartial view stemming from neutrality, and resort, after examining the text of the preceding evidence, to a result to direct thinking between the two mentalities, the innate and the doctrinal, from a mutual cross-pollination that represents a state of consciousness and awareness that are linked together?
Abdul-Hussein Dastgheib used rationalism, in addition to the traditional approach, to support his views on the afterlife and the meanings related to this principle. The research then concluded that the sovereignty of the doctrine of the afterlife, the intermediate realm, and the conditions of humanity on the Day of Judgment, in theological grammar, is firmly rooted in human thought and analysis. The mind cannot be stripped of its pure nature and cannot be stripped of its inherent nature.

Russia tended after the dissolution of the Soviet Union to achieve its interests outside its borders away from financial and moral pressures, so the military groups had a prominent role in that, especially the Wagner Military Group, although the Russian constitution prohibits such groups, but Russia adheres to the pretext of its work outside its borders, as this group is characterized by ease of contracting with it away from the legal and financial consequences and has contributed to the entry of Russian influence to many countries and regions, especially the African continent, and the death of its leader has provoked many One of the questions about its continuation, as the situation indicates its continuation because of its importance to Russian interests.

Iraq witnessed a major transformation after 2003, marked by a change in the political system, which led to a restructuring of the political and social structure. Political elites, comprised of former opposition parties and new forces, led the process of rebuilding the state, adopting a power-sharing system among the various components of society. Despite the effort to build a balanced system, this process faced multiple challenges, most notably escalating violence, the emergence of armed groups, and heightened sectarian tensions, along with widespread corruption and weak governance. Regional and international influences also contributed to the complexity of the political landscape. Conversely, the role of civil society emerged in pushing for reform and enhancing transparency. Studying the role of these elites provides an entry point for understanding the challenges and opportunities in the process of state-building and stability.

This research explores the civil liability of legal entities for harmful actions, an area that has not been sufficiently understood in Iraqi, Jordanian, and Egyptian civil legislation. Civil law is generally divided into criminal and civil liability, with civil liability further divided into contractual and tort liability. The liability of legal entities for harmful actions raises legal questions, especially given that they possess a legal personality distinct from natural persons. This study aims to analyze the applicability of legal provisions concerning the civil liability of legal entities, clarify the legal foundations for such liability, and examine judicial applications available in the Supreme Courts of Jordan, Iraq, and Egypt. The research also focuses on the impact of this liability on contemporary legal activities such as corporations and associations.

This research aims to know the extent of the academic elite's reliance on Al-Iraqiya News Channel as a source of economic crisis news, and the extent of the impact of this reliance on them cognitively, emotionally and behaviorally, using the survey method and the questionnaire tool that included an axis for demographic variables, an axis for follow-up and an axis for the scale. The researcher also chose a deliberate sample of academic professors in the departments and colleges of administration and economics in the city of Baghdad, amounting to (92) individuals, and the sample size was determined using the following survey question: (Do you follow Al-Iraqiya News Channel)? The researcher took only those who answered yes, and used the theory of dependence and employed its hypotheses in the scale axes, and the research reached several results, the most important of which are:
1/ The sample members' dependence on Al-Iraqiya News Channel as a source of news about economic crises contributed to providing them with information about it, which proved the validity of the first hypothesis of the research.
2/ The sample members' dependence on Al-Iraqiya News Channel as a source of news about economic crises contributed to arousing their feelings and emotions towards it, which proved the validity of the second hypothesis of the research.
3/ The sample members' dependence on Al-Iraqiya News Channel as a source of news about economic crises contributed to arousing their behavior towards it, which proves the validity of the third hypothesis of the research.

The current research aims to know the extent to which Islamic education books for the primary stage include the concepts of peaceful coexistence. The research community was Islamic education books approved by the Iraqi Ministry of Education. As for the sample, it is the concepts of peaceful coexistence included in Islamic education topics. After conducting a content analysis process for the topics, the existence of a set of concepts and their number 35 concepts distributed over the six stages, but there was no balance in distributing them to the school stages. The concepts of respect and assistance predominated in all stages in the first place, followed by the concept of brotherhood, love, and removing harm. As for the concept of charity, good neighborliness, forgiveness, friendship, humility, justice, generosity and righteousness, they were the least among the concepts mentioned in the topics of Islamic education, which called the researcher to suggest a balance between these concepts and their distribution in a way Intensive in Islamic education topics

The present paper is a critical discourse analysis of two online articles published in spring 2020, at the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic, each addressing the issue of social distancing from a different perspective.
The first article, Social distancing: How to persuade others it works, written by Martha Henriques on April 6th 2020, focuses on the challenge of convincing the population about the risks of Covid and the importance and effectiveness of following public health measures such as social distancing and self-isolation. While the second article, Why America’s social distancing efforts have had ‘painfully slow’ results, published on May 7th on the CNN website and written by Eric Levenson, mainly represents a criticism of the way in which the US government handles the crisis situation compared to other countries.
This paper explores how the authors of the two articles use linguistic tools such as modality (including hedging), representational strategies (e.g., naming), and transitivity to deliver their messages and, more importantly, the effect that the use of these instruments has when it comes to the relation between language and society and the way in which such tools impact the social status quo.
This analysis aims to demonstrate how language is employed to both reveal and conceal meaning, to express personal stance, to mitigate or intensify impact, and to shape perceptions of social actors and agency.
To do so, the paper will first introduce the selected articles, then the theoretical framework (i.e. CDA, modality, hedging, representational strategies, transitivity) that will be employed to analyse each article, individually and then comparatively. In the conclusion insights will be drawn to assess how public understanding and perception are impacted, considering the analysed aspects.