Al-Zahraa Journal for Health and Medical Sciences

The current flax (L. usitatissimum L.) nutritional value beneficial to human health experiment was carried out in 2023 in the Iraqi city of Al-Hindia. The experiment was set up using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with split-plot layout, two factors, and three replications in order to examine the effects of peppermint (Mentha piperita) and dill (Anethum graveolens) extracts on the active components of flax. The amounts of peppermint extract (control, 100, 150, and 200 ml L-1) that were sprayed on the leaves a month after germination constituted the first factor. Dill extracts were the second factor. During the growing season, the region received a single pollination with four concentrations of (control, 100, 150, and 200 ml L-1). On April 25, 2024, the flax plants were harvested. The findings showed that peppermint and dill extracts improved flax (L. usitatissimum) oil output and active component characteristics. The findings showed that 200 ml L-1 of peppermint and dill extracts improved the oil output and percentage as well as the linolenic and oleic acids in flax

Amino function of 5-(4-aminophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol (1) has been diazotized by hydrochloric acid and sodium nitrite. The generating oxadiazolyldiazonium chloride was directly reacted with sodium phenoxide of salicylaldehyde affording azo compound (2) that containing aldehyde function. Compound (2) has been condensed with aromatic amines (o-methoxyaniline, 2,4-dimethylaniline, p-aminophenol, o-chloroaniline, 2,4-dichloroaniline, and m-nitroaniline) utilizing microwave method in ethyl alcohol to give the imine compounds (3a-f), correspondingly. Cyclization reaction of Schiff bases and Chloroacetyl chloride usage microwave method in dimethylformamide gave easy Azetidin-2-one derivatives (4a-f), both Gram-negative and Grampositive bacteria were used to assess the antibacterial properties of azetidinone molecules. The findings indicated that azetidinone derivatives (4a, 4b, and 4d) have more efficacy against Gramnegative bacteria than the common antibiotic amoxicillin-clavulanate, whereas all derivatives (4a-f) appeared less impact than the control drug athwart Gram-positive bacteria. Due to the growing resistance of bacteria to conventional antibiotics, there is a pressing need to develop new antimicrobial agents with novel structural features. In this context, the objective of this research was to synthesize and characterize a series of novel 2-azetidinone derivatives bearing 1,3,4-oxadiazole rings and evaluate their antibacterial activity. The compounds were synthesized using microwaveassisted methods, which is solvent-free, green processes that align with sustainable and eco-friendly chemistry principles.

In this work, a new Azo-Schiff base complex of Pd(II) ion prepared by Template method. The prepared metal complex characterized by analytical techniques viz., FT-IR, XRD, UV-visible, CHN elemental. The FT-IR spectra regions of the (M-O), (M-N) and (N=N) vibration stretching bonds indicate the coordination form of NPs prepared complex, while the XRD data allowed to calculate the mean crystallite size this NPs complex that equals to 26.4 nm. The analytical data demonstrated that the ratio of metal ion to ligand in this prepared complex is 1:2 with Octahedral structure. The maximum photo-decolonization efficiency of 7 ppm for Pd(II) complex in NiCo2O4 suspension solution under UV-A light found to be 96.87% with half time 7.941min. The impact rising temperature on photo-decolonization process of this complex was enhanced the positive value of enthalpy. The negative activation energy value of this photoreaction may be attitude to happen several steps on NiCo2O4 surface leads to low positive value before happened the high negative value via series of chain reactions. On the other hand, the photo decolonization process for this complex is fast, less random and non-spontaneous.

In light of the global trend towards organic and sustainable agriculture, there has been an increasing interest in using microalgae as bio-stimulants and natural fertilizers as alternatives to chemical fertilizers. Algae such as Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina platensis are considered rich sources of bioactive compounds that promote plant growth and stimulate the production of active substances. This study aims to evaluate the effect of adding microalgal extracts (Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina platensis) on the growth of basil plants (Ocimum basilicum L.) and to improve their content of active compounds. Taking place in 2024 in Alhindia city, Kerbala, Iraq, The aforementioned experiment was set up using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications and a factorial arrangement. Two components were used in the study: Spirulina platensis algae (control, 100, 200, 250 mL.L-1) and Chlorella vulgaris (control, 100, 200, 250 mL.L-1). After the active chemical components were measured, the plants were harvested when they reached full maturity. The results show that the effects of the spray treatments with the extracts of Spirulina platensis and Chlorella vulgaris mL.L-1 resulted in notable variations in the active component content. Camphor, Linalool, Pinene, and Myercene mg g-1 at concentration (250 mL. L-1) had the greatest averages of 2.97, 3.31 mg g-1, 23.22, 24.97 mg g -1, 0.23, 0.27 mg g -1, 8.29, and 8.53 mg g -1, respectively.

Helicobacter pylori is a common stomach infection linked to chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric cancer. Among the diagnostic procedures available, non-invasive diagnostics such as the urea breath test (UBT), stool antigen test (SAT), and serological antibody test (serology) are extensively utilized. The aim of this study was to assess and contrast the diagnostic efficacy of the stool antigen test (SAT) and serological antibody test (serology) in the detection of active H. pylori infection, with the urea breath test (UBT) serving as the reference standard. A cross-sectional study was performed on 140 patients exhibiting upper gastrointestinal symptoms. All subjects had UBT, SAT, and serological testing. Diagnostic performance criteria such as sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were assessed for SAT and serology in relation to UBT. Out of 140 patients, UBT identified 70 (50%) as positive for H. pylori. The SAT demonstrated a sensitivity and NPV of 100%, specificity of 67.1%, and PPV of 75.3%. In contrast, the serological test showed lower sensitivity (78.6%), specificity (21.4%), PPV (50%), and NPV (50%). SAT outperformed serology in all diagnostic metrics

One of the most prevalent agricultural wastes is rice husk (RH). RH reacts with sodium hydroxide solution to produce sodium silicate, which can be converted to Mobil Composition of Matter No. 41 (MCM-41) via an eco-friendly route. MCM-41 was successfully synthesized in the form of a meso-porous silica via an enhanced microwave technique at 100 °C for 20 min. The silanol group in MCM-41 was identified as a sharp peak around 3510 cm−1 in the FT-IR spectrum. A nanoscale hexagonal structure of mesoporous silica was determined via XRD analysis and TEM analysis. The surface area of MCM-41 is high at 1024.9 m2/g, with an average pore diameter in the meso-porous material of 2.7314 nm. FESEM images show that MCM-41 particles are smooth, forming spherical agglomerations. According to EDX analysis, Si and O are present in a sample that appears otherwise essentially free of impurities. The Photo-decolorization kinetic of 5 mg/L Eosin yellow dye on the MCM-41 surface were found to be pseudo-First order in nature at optimum physical conditions of pH 8, 25 °C, MCM-41 dosage of 0.05 g and an irradiation period of 80 minutes. Furthermore, The thermodynamic functions (∆H#, ∆S#, and ∆G#) for this photoreaction demonstrated the reaction is exothermic, not spontaneous, and random less.

Santa Barbara Amorphous-15 (SBA-15) was synthesized by the microwave process with triblock polymer pluronic P123 (EO20PO70EO20) as the structure-direction agent and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as the source of silica. Different approaches were used to characterize the SBA-15 such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), FESM-EDX, high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and nitrogen adsorption–desorption (BET) surface area analysis. In this work, we prepared SBA-15 at 100 oC for 20 min. As demonstrated by nitrogen adsorption-desorption, SBA-15 is a mesoporous material with a surface area, pore volume, and pore size (width) of 392.96 m2/g, 1.4493 nm and 9.285 cm3/g, respectively. The optimum conditions for Photodecolorization of Eosin yellow dye by (onto) the SBA-15 surface are, a temperature of 25 °C, an adsorbent dosage of 0.05 g, a dye concentration of 5 mg/L, and a contact period of 30 minutes. It was concluded that pseudo-First order kinetic models were the best appropriate for describing experimental data. Furthermore, the thermodynamic function (∆H#, ∆S#, and ∆G#) for the active case in the photoreaction was calculated. Revealed that photoreaction proceeded exothermically but was non-spontaneous, as evidenced by a positive Gibbs Free Energy change and a negative enthalpy change.