Complementary Biological System Journal

This study aims to investigate, through in vitro methods, the molecular, immunofluorescent, and immunohistochemical effects of resveratrol and IL-6 on CXCL1 gene/protein expression in human breast cancer cells (MCF-7). MCF-7 and MCF-10A cell lines were cultured and divided into four groups: control, IL-6-treated, resveratrol-treated, and a combination-treated group. CXCL1 gene expression was assessed by real-time PCR (RT-PCR), while CXCL1 protein levels were analyzed using immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry. Cell viability was quantified by MTS assay using ELISA. CXCL1 gene/protein was overexpressed in MCF-7 cells, especially in the IL-6-treated group, but reduced in both resveratrol and combination-treated groups. MTS assay showed increased cell viability in all IL-6 concentrations compared to control, with the highest value at 300 μM. Immunofluorescence revealed a significant increase in CXCL1 protein in the IL-6-treated group and a decrease in the resveratrol and combination groups. Immunohistochemistry confirmed that CXCL1 protein levels significantly declined in MCF-7 cells treated with resveratrol alone or in combination with IL-6, compared to untreated control cells. These findings indicate that IL-6 upregulates, while resveratrol downregulates, CXCL1 expression in breast cancer cells. Further research is recommended to assess the long-term safety and effects of IL-6 and resveratrol in mammals, as comprehensive safety data for prolonged use remain incomplete

Oily sludge (OS) is considered one of the most complex by-products produced in the petroleum industry as an unwanted. This work aims to provide a comprehensive review focused on the dangers of stockpiled OS, its sources and contents, as well as its complex composition. This study also analyzes the global annual generation and stockpiling quantities of OS. Therefore, the thermochemical conversion, hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) char produced via HTC called hydrochar, pyrolysis (PY) char produced via PY named pyro-char, and microwave (MW) processes, while the char produced MW labeled micro-char. In conclusion, this study will facilitate researchers and provide a clear understanding of OS making it easy to recovered oil, convert, or exploit as fuel, absorbent materials, or fertilizer for soil. Therefore, this research will contribute to preserving the environment and preserving the planet

University students often face significant academic, social, and environmental pressures, making them particularly vulnerable to psychological distress. Despite this, there is limited evidence regarding the prevalence and associated factors of mental health problems among university students in Iraq. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and severity of depression, anxiety, and stress in this population and to examine their associations with sociodemographic characteristics, insomnia, internet use, and physical activity. A cross-sectional study was conducted among Iraqi university students using a structured questionnaire, including the DASS-21, Insomnia Severity Index, and Internet Addiction Test. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data and identify associations between mental health outcomes and participant sociodemographic characteristics. A total of 690 university students were recruited in this study. The majority of participants were female, aged 21–23 years, single, and enrolled in medical-related fields. The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was 69.9%, 74.1%, and 62.2%, respectively. Female students, those from private universities, and participants without health insurance reported significantly higher psychological distress. Insomnia was a strong predictor of all depression, anxiety, and stress. High-intensity physical activity and regular exercise (2–3 days per week for 30–60 minutes) were significantly associated with lower depression, anxiety, and stress levels. High internet use was significantly associated with increased stress. The findings indicate a high burden of psychological distress among Iraqi university students. Early screening and university-based mental health interventions—particularly those targeting sleep hygiene, physical activity, and stress management—are urgently needed to support student well-being.

Laser technology has significantly transformed healthcare and biological sciences by Laser devices are offered precision, efficiency, and Multiple simple solutions in various medical fields and research domains. In ophthalmology, lasers play a pivotal role in vision correction, retinal imaging, and therapeutic applications, such as femtosecond laser-assisted LASIK and two-photon fluorescence scanning laser ophthalmoscopy. Dermatology has also benefited from CO2, Nd:YAG, excimer, and Q-switched lasers, which are widely used for pigmentation disorders, tattoo removal, and skin rejuvenation. Moreover, Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) enhances wound healing and tissue regeneration, while intense pulsed light (IPL) and diode lasers improve hair removal and acne treatments. Furthermore, laser applications are rapidly advancing across fields such as surgical oncology, neurology, and regenerative medicine, with promising roles in gene therapy, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and photodynamic therapy (PDT). Despite these advancements, challenges such as safety concerns, laser-induced complications, and the need for further clinical validation in diverse patient populations. This paper explores cutting-edge laser applications in ophthalmology, dermatology, and beyond, highlighting their transformative impact on modern medicine and future potential for innovation.

Polysomnography (PSG) remains the gold standard for evaluating sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and related conditions, yet its clinical potential is often limited by overreliance on the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and similar summary metrics. This narrative review offers a structured, physiology-informed approach to PSG interpretation that integrates sleep architecture, arousal burden, respiratory event morphology, oxygenation patterns, and CO2 trends. Recognizing phenotypic patterns-such as REM-related and positional OSA-through sleep stage and positional stratification is essential for directing targeted therapy. We outline common interpretive pitfalls, including automated scoring errors, overlooked signal artifacts, and the first night effect, emphasizing the need for careful manual review and clinical correlation. In pediatric and syndromic populations, age-adjusted interpretation is critical for detecting subtle respiratory disturbances that can impact neurodevelopment or behavior. A practical stepwise framework is provided to guide interpretation, streamline clinical workflows, and reduce diagnostic error. PSG findings are also contextualized within broader systemic outcomes, such as their links to hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and cognitive decline. Ultimately, PSG should be viewed not as a static diagnostic report, but as a cornerstone of personalized sleep medicine-informing mechanism-based, outcome-oriented interventions tailored to individual patients.