Khazayin of Economic and Administrative Sciences

The statistical method known as binary logistic regression, which is widely used in various social, medical, marketing, and other fields, was used to predict the most important demographic, social, health, economic, and psychological factors affecting the widespread turnout by members of society of both sexes, ages 20 years and over, for non-invasive cosmetic procedures and surgeries. Therapeutic Data were collected for more than 100 questionnaire forms that were distributed electronically for the privacy of the respondents to visitors of a group of beauty centers in Baghdad. The results of the statistical analysis using the SPSS program revealed the importance of 8 factors out of 12 factors included in the study, which are (gender, age), demographic factors, and (marital status, Level of education) Social factors (profession, offers from beauty centers) Among the economic factors (resistance to the effects of aging, dissatisfaction with the image of one's figure and body) and psychological factors, the factors that were not statistically significant in the prediction equation were monthly income, treatment of birth defects, exposure to an accident, and bullying

The research aims to shed light on the various aspects of the method of re-engineering administrative processes (reengineering) in terms of concept, and to indicate the importance and need of Al-Maaref Private University as educational institutions to apply the engineering method, and the desired goals of it, and perpetuate a proposed perception of the application of the engineering method as one of the entrances to improve the service provided to the public of beneficiaries, raise its efficiency and achieve total quality, and the study of the subject of administrative process re-engineering and its impact on organizational excellence has great scientific and practical importance.
Based on this importance, the objectives of this topic are to highlight all aspects related to the method of re-engineering administrative processes in terms of concept, importance, and objectives.
The researcher followed the descriptive analytical approach to describe the reality of process re-engineering at Al-Maaref Al-Ahlia University, where the researcher distributed the questionnaire form and the data was collected, analyzed and reached the results using the statistical program (SPSS 28). Amos v.26), which can be generalized as the similarity of the work with similar universities. The most important results have been reached, which is the existence of satisfaction with this experience because of the results it has achieved in terms of rearranging and organizing work according to specific and documented steps, as the use of the application of administrative process reengineering leads to organizational excellence and increases the level of job satisfaction among university employees at all administrative levels. The study sample included (222) individuals working at Al-Maaref Private University, where (215) forms were recovered, including (210) forms valid for statistical analysis.
Some recommendations were made that should be considered a product of the theoretical and applied part of the research, which the educational institution must be interested in senior management to re-engineer administrative processes and believe in them in order to persuade their employees in the sense of spreading and promoting the concepts of engineering among university employees.

The current Research aims to determine the Availability of the Dimensions of Total Quality Management in the Management of Engineering Departments, which are represented by the Following: Department of Construction and Projects, Engineering Maintenance Department, Engineering Consulting Office, at the University of Mosul. To achieve this, a hypothetical Research plan was prepared that includes the Dimensions of Total Quality Management for the Management of Engineering Projects, as well as On the formulation of two basic hypotheses The research relied on the Questionnaire as a Main tool for Collecting Research data and Information, and its validity and reliability were confirmed as the reliability coefficient reached (0.754). (45) Questionnaires were distributed to the research sample composed of Engineers in the Departments investigated, from which (42) valid Questionnaires were retrieved for statistical Analysis. The data was processed and analyzed using a number of statistical and modeling methods Using frequency distributions, percentages, arithmetic means, and standard deviations for the Dimensions of comprehensive Quality Management, through the answers of the individuals surveyed, and a test (T) to determine the availability of the Dimensions of comprehensive Quality Management, and relying on the ready-made software package (Statistic 18 PASW). The research seeks to answer the Following Questions:
1-To What Extent Do Managers and Engineers in Departments understand the Concept of Total Quality Management?
2- Do the Researched Departments Rely on the Principles of Comprehensive Quality Management in Managing Engineering Projects?
The Research reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which are: There is an interest on the part of the researched departments in adopting the principles of total quality management in the management of engineering projects that were adopted by the research. In light of the Research conclusions, a number of proposals were presented, the most important of which was to work continuously to develop the cognitive aspect of the researched departments by qualifying their employees for the purpose of obtaining a certificate in the field of Comprehensive Quality Management Principles and making it one of the requirements for working there

The research aimed to determine the role of intellectual capital in the strategic management of international business organizations in Iraqi private banks, relying on the descriptive analytical approach. The questionnaire was used to collect primary data, and the sample included (435) individuals working at different administrative levels (managers, assistant managers, department heads, employees) in Iraqi private banks. The data obtained were analyzed using the statistical analysis program 25 Spss. The research results reached the following: There is a significant role for intellectual capital in the strategic management of international business organizations, and there are significant differences between the average answers about the role of intellectual capital in the strategic management of international business organizations according to the variable of experience. The research recommended a number of recommendations, the most prominent of which are: Managers of Iraqi private banks must be keen to attract distinguished competencies and encourage them to propose and adopt creative ideas, and create new knowledge sharing opportunities between new and old employees.

The current research aims to identify the role played by psychological pollution of leadership and organizational deviance behaviors and their impact on achieving organizational ideology and the extent to which these two concepts can be accurately diagnosed in soft drinks in Baqubah. The main research problem was \"Do the dimensions of psychological pollution of leadership and the dimensions of organizational deviance behaviors have a statistically significant correlation and impact on organizational ideology?\" The research problem reflected a set of hypotheses that explain the correlation and impact relationship between the main research variables.
To understand the nature of the relationship and impact between the variables، psychological pollution of leadership was adopted as an explanatory variable first، organizational deviance behaviors as an explanatory variable second، and organizational ideology as a responsive variable. Data were collected through several tools، including sources and references in addition to the questionnaire، where it was distributed to the research sample of (77) respondents based on the intentional sample that targeted heads of departments and division managers in soft drinks in Baqubah. In light of the data and information collected from the research sample، the data were analyzed and hypotheses were tested By using appropriate statistical tools and analyzing them through a number of ready-made statistical programs (SPSS، ver19)) and the statistical tools related to statistical analysis (arithmetic mean، standard deviation، validity coefficient، regression coefficient، impact and correlation values) contributed to reaching accurate results. The research reached an important set of conclusions، the most important of which was that psychological pollution of leadership may have a noticeable impact on the failure to achieve organizational ideology. This indicates the role of psychological pollution of leadership in not encouraging and not promoting contemporary methods of successful organization within soft drinks. The results of the research reflected a set of recommendations represented by the leadership of soft drinks focusing on developing leadership skills and improving management methods to enhance satisfaction and performance among the work team

The research objectives to identify the impact of organizational culture on the contribution of the ultimate End User in the development of management information systems. Research has adopted a model composed of four elements of the culture of organizational namely: attention to detail and the results, positive competition, innovation, work teams, and the contribution of the ultimate End User in the development of Management Data Systems has identified six elements: lack of participation, participation Avatar, participate through advice, Post ratification, participating design, to participate in all stages of development. Necessary to search through a questionnaire collected data also designed for this purpose, either Vtkont research sample of 70 End User in a number of faculties of the University of Mosul. To accomplish the purposes of the investigation has identified a set of hypotheses that have been adopted. To test the hypotheses have been using a range of statistical methods. tousled search to a set of conclusions, The most important of these is the existence of a statistically significant effect of organizational culture on the participation of the End User in developing management information systems by creating positive attitudes among Users towards participating in development processes.

The objective of the study is to test the nature of the relationship and effect between the study variables, which are strategic orientation with its dimensions (proactive orientation, analytical orientation, future orientation, and technology orientation), and the second variable, environmental marketing with its dimensions (social responsibility, environmental sustainability, environmental management, and environmental awareness). To achieve the research objectives, the researcher employed a descriptive analytical approach and examined the opinions of a sample of employees from the Nineveh Environmental Directorate. Data were collected using a questionnaire as the primary tool, with 150 questionnaires administered to employees. The study found several key results, including a correlation between strategic orientation and environmental marketing, as well as an effect of strategic orientation on environmental marketing at both the variable and dimensional levels. Additionally, the study offered several recommendations.

This study aims to analyze the role of electronic banking marketing in achieving the strategic success of banks by evaluating the impact of its various dimensions on strategic performance. A descriptive analytical approach was adopted, and data were collected through a questionnaire distributed to a sample of employees from Rafidain and Rashid banks in Nineveh Governorate. The findings revealed a statistically significant correlation between electronic banking marketing and strategic success, as well as a meaningful impact of the marketing dimensions on achieving that success. The central research problem revolves around the following question: Does electronic banking marketing contribute to enhancing strategic success in the studied banks? The results indicated a positive and significant relationship between the two variables. Furthermore, they highlighted that improving digital marketing tools and techniques can significantly enhance the effectiveness of banking strategies and strengthen their ability to adapt to environmental and technological changes

The current study aims to demonstrate the relationship between social and ethical responsibility and its impact on the role of the internal auditor. The study problem was represented by the extent of the role of social and ethical responsibility on the internal auditor in the Department of Agriculture in Diyala Governorate. The questionnaire form was used as a tool for collecting data, and (30) questionnaire forms were distributed to the study sample. The data were analyzed using the (SPSS) program, and a number of statistical methods were used to test the study hypotheses. The study also dealt with the theoretical framework (independent variable) of social and ethical responsibility and what are the stages that have developed. The objectives and importance of social responsibility were also addressed, in addition to what are the principles of social responsibility. The dependent variable (internal auditor) was also addressed, its definition and types, what are the objectives of the internal auditor, the specializations and tasks of the internal auditor, as well as the qualities that he must possess. One of the most important conclusions reached by the study is that most writers and researchers believe that there is a strong relationship between social and ethical responsibility and its impact on the work of the internal auditor. As for the recommendations, I reached the necessity of adopting the results of the study and the hypothetical plan by the department (Diyala Agriculture Directorate) being studied, in addition to the possibility of generalizing it to the rest of the other departments in the country.

Diabetes has been calculated as one of the greatest common health problems that several people are at risk of growing. Diabetes classification is a difficult work that needs accurate and effective Machine Learning models to help clinical choice-making. This paper examines the optimization of Support Vector Machine models utilizing Particle Swarm Optimization to find the model hyperparameter to increase predictive performance. Different test sizes 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 were assessed, and the models were tested using two kernel functions: Radial Basis Function and polynomial. The results display that the Support Vector Machine-Particle Swarm Optimization hybrid method substantially enhances accuracy, Areia Under Curve, and decreases Mean Squared Error compared to the classical Support Vector Machine model. The Support Vector Machine-Particle Swarm optimized model, utilizing the kernel polynomial, earns a steady accuracy of 0.99 over all test sizes, surpassing the classical Support Vector Machine with the Radial Basis Function kernel, which had a decrease in accuracy ranging from 0.84 to 0.90. However, the Areia Under Curve values in the optimized model were steadily high, achieving 1.000 at a test size of 0.4, showing the model’s higher classification ability. These results recommend that PSO is an efficient optimization technique for optimizing SVM parameters, leading to enhanced performance in diabetes classification

Today, Modernization has caused out-of-the-box thinking on new ways of making life better, and education benchmarks are no exception, as it is since 2008 the vital tool in higher education institutions to assess, improve, and sustain quality. Researchers, however, continue with their elaborations regarding benchmarking and its applications in higher education. The article, as for the process, places the following paradigm in order: starting with process-based models and ending with digital and strategic models, benchmarking becomes a major goal. The research establishes the guiding themes of the innovative use of technology in leading institutions, avatar learning, and literacy programs while addressing the concept of smart schools and online training, and connects all identified approaches and fixes to benchmarking. Moreover, it is noticeable that benchmarking does not have a very broad application. Besides the non-usefulness of digital tools in benchmarking, there is still a lot of potential left unused in the process of turning it into negative institutional changes. Synergistic benchmarking in higher education has been a catalyst for such longed-for phenomena as global collaboration, institutional innovation, and equity. Filling the outlined research gaps will lead to many new opportunities where benchmarking becomes a user's every need and an indicator of educational institutions' sustainability.

This research investigates the complex interplay between various forms of government and economic development, emphasizing the ways in which political frameworks affect economic outcomes and growth patterns. The study classifies government systems into three primary categories: democratic, authoritarian, and hybrid regimes, examining their individual effects on innovation, investment, and the distribution of resources. Employing a mixed-methods framework that integrates quantitative data from multiple nations alongside qualitative case studies, the results suggest that democratic governments are more likely to promote sustainable economic growth. This is attributed to enhanced transparency, increased public engagement, and robust protection of property rights. Conversely, authoritarian regimes display inconsistent economic outcomes, frequently influenced by centralized decision-making, yet are impeded by insufficient accountability and widespread public dissatisfaction. Hybrid systems, which incorporate both democratic and authoritarian features, create a distinctive context that offers both prospects and obstacles for economic advancement. The study highlights the significance of political stability, the quality of governance, and the robustness of institutions as essential factors influencing the connection between governmental structures and economic results. The study ultimately concludes that economic development can take place across different political systems; however, the routes to achieving these outcomes vary considerably. This highlights the necessity for tailored approaches in both policy formulation and development strategies. The results add to the current discussion regarding the most effective governmental framework for promoting economic growth and provide valuable perspectives for policymakers aiming to enhance national economic performance in the context of diverse political environments.

The aim of the current research is to clarify the role of the strategic mentality as an independent variable represented by (systems thinking, reframing, deep thinking) in enhancing organizational intelligence as an approved variable represented by (strategic vision, common destiny, desire for change, sense of belonging, harmony and congruence, dissemination of knowledge, work pressure) among teachers at Al-Noor National University, and the research relied on the descriptive analytical approach, as the research sample was represented by the teachers of Al-Noor National University, consisting of (302) The results were extracted by using statistical measures to analyze research variables and test its hypotheses through the program (SPSS V26) and the package (AMOS V26), and a number of conclusions were reached based on the results of testing the relationships that were determined in the hypothetical research model, the most important of which is that the strategic mentality positively affects the enhancement of organizational intelligence.

The current study aimed to employ the dimensions of psychological resilience of managers, represented by (commitment, control, challenge) in reducing organizational collapse, represented by its dimensions (organizational factors, strategic factors, environmental factors), in a number of cement factories in the northern region. The problem of the study came from the environmental challenges that the cement industry sector in the Iraqi environment is witnessing, which are constantly emerging, including complexity and high routine in work procedures, in addition to the existence of economic problems related to ownership and financing, which affected the salaries of workers in the field. The field of the current study was determined in the Northern Cement Cooperative and a number of cement factories affiliated with it, which numbered five factories located in the cities of Badush and Hammam Al-Alil. The current study community represents all managers working in this cooperative and its factories (formation managers, department heads, division officials) numbering (480), while the sample of the current study amounted to (214) managers. In order to test the hypotheses of the study and ensure its validity, the study used a number of statistical methods and tools in analyzing and processing the data with the aim of reaching the opinions of individuals in the field under study regarding the questionnaire paragraphs. Through statistical processing, many results were reached, the most important of which were: the existence of two significant inverse correlation and influence relationships between the psychological resilience of managers and organizational collapse in the field under study

Under of the digital transformations that the world has witnessed in recent years, the information and communications technology sector and digitization have become some of the most important sensitive topics that arouse the interest of governments, as many governments have rushed to take advantage of these digital transformations to increase the levels of effectiveness of their administrations, including public finance management, This is called the digitization of public finances. It has allowed governments to increase the efficiency of collecting their revenues by improving the methods of collecting them electronically. On the other hand, electronic payment processes contribute to improving public financial management about paying public expenditures.
The idea of this research emerged to determine the current reality of financial digitization in Iraq and the extent to which it keeps pace with global developments on the one hand, and what are the steps taken by the Iraqi government in this regard and what are the challenges and obstacles facing the executive authorities in moving in this direction on the other hand, as the concept of digitization was clarified And financial digitization and what are the most important elements and foundations that financial digitization includes, and then presenting the available data that indicates the extent of development witnessed by some electronic payment indicators in Iraq, analyzing it and presenting its results. In conclusion, a set of conclusions were reached, the most important of which is the importance of electronic payment methods and presenting the requirements for their application. To the executive authorities. Because of its impact on the collection of public revenues for the state, one of the most important recommendations of the research is the necessity of developing electronic payment methods of various types in Iraq, as they are newly emerging and applied in this field.