The Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Human beings are fundamentally linked to a process of instinct that can make it into a process of research and generation until it becomes sufficient, and then it is renewed in space and another field, and then the process continues without a specific goal. The previous operations are centered on two poles: desire and need for architecture, , As well as the impact of human desire in architecture, they are in a wide space can not be easily understood. The purpose of this research is to identify and integrate this process within the framework of architecture and be specific to reach a goal that satisfies the two processes. Hence, the research problem of (limits of understanding of dialogue of desire and need in architecture) Of the tests and analysis of the results collected. The research found that the architecture seeks to balance the processes of need and desire of the recipient and the user, thus balancing the dual self and the subject in architecture, in which the state of stability can be reached in thought and action.

Research examines the concept of ethical imagination as one of the influential concepts in the architectural design process. Who is known as "the Architect's ability to think according to moral frameworks to become an important source and then to be the task of balancing the poetic and the disciplined imagination to produce an ethical architectural text that benefits the individual and society. ", thus be the research problem (implications of morally imaginative concept in architecture ).So the research aims to explain the basics of moral fiction in architecture, and we are on it. Research assumes that the foundations of moral fiction have an impact on the formulation of the architectural product . For the purpose of addressing the research issue and achieving the objectives of research and verification of its hypothesis, a knowledge framework was first built .Then a comprehensive theoretical framework for the imagination of the moral architecture extracted from the architectural propositions to be finalized in three main indicators is. Principles of moral constructional imagination, the foundations of moral and ethical imagination, moral logic of the Moral imagination architecture. Then apply them to elected projects to illustrate their impact on the architectural output and to arrive at conclusions that show the architectural imagination according its basics .

Research examines the concept of ethical imagination as one of the influential concepts in the architectural design process. Who is known as "the Architect's ability to think according to moral frameworks to become an important source and then to be the task of balancing the poetic and the disciplined imagination to produce an ethical architectural text that benefits the individual and society. ", thus be the research problem (implications of morally imaginative concept in architecture ). So the research aims to explain the basics of moral fiction in architecture, and we are on it. Research assumes that the foundations of moral fiction have an impact on the formulation of the architectural product . For the purpose of addressing the research issue and achieving the objectives of research and verification of its hypothesis, a knowledge framework was first built . Then a comprehensive theoretical framework for the imagination of the moral architecture extracted from the architectural propositions to be finalized in three main indicators is. Principles of moral constructional imagination, the foundations of moral and ethical imagination, moral logic of the Moral imagination architecture. Then apply them to elected projects to illustrate their impact on the architectural output and to arrive at conclusions that show the architectural imagination according its basics .

Ornamentation emerged as one of the most prominent concepts that associated with the architecture for its final crystallization through creation and production together, which drew the attention of research concept, after clarifying the depth of the Ornamentation in the architectural surfaces as a system of intellectual and material oriented to the architectural output and as a transient over time and confirmed transformations of models of adornment, The research objective is to explore the indicators of ornamentation that responsible for the formulation and embodiment of architectural products according to the .transformations of architectural visions The research adopted descriptive analytical method for the architectural surfaces ornament in the different periods and currents, that showed the transformations of ornament which make deep surfaces by the relation (inout) or (structure-skin) after showing the effectiveness of the transformation in each era of them to reach the conclusions of the research The design of the architectural surfaces in their transformations on the indicators of intellectual ornamentation represented by semantic concepts and values, and physical indicators represented by the formal characteristics and properties of the material to produce different patterns of ornamentation which used by the designer to control the fundamental relationship of the deep architectural surfaces (in- out) through the interweaving of (structure - skin) in varied possibilities as research confirmed through its methodology.

The study deals with the concept of security as one of the concepts that affect the process of architectural design. Despite the development of architecture, one of its main objectives remains that the buildings are general and commercial, especially safe, regardless of the degree of urbanization or simplicity of the building, especially in view of the increasing threat of terrorist and criminal threats, Especially when human threats are common and are practiced for various reasons in the 21st century. The research problem is thus (the emergence of the cognitive need to study the safe design of human threats to commercial shopping centers). The research aims to clarify the principles of architectural design safe from human threats, as well as to know the impact of urban and architectural characteristics on the level of security of shopping malls commercial fortified, and accordingly the research assumes that the dimensions of safe design has a positive impact in the sustainability of shopping malls. In order to address the research problem and achieve the objectives of the research and validation of the hypothesis was first built knowledge framework, and then a comprehensive theoretical framework for safe design in shopping centers extracted from the architectural proposals to reflect the final version in three main dimensions, namely: principles of safe design of the criminal act and mechanisms, and principles of safe design Of the terrorist act and its mechanisms, and the urban and architectural characteristics affecting security. The first is to control the security design process according to all of its indicators. The second is the difference in the design indicators according to the nature of the threat, but they are integrated together in order to achieve security for the shopping centers and the safety of the pioneers .

Performance-based architectural design is an approach to consider building performance as a key element in its generation and formation. This trend has become possible due to the development of digital technologies which enabled the designer to simulate the building performance digitally in different areas of design such as constructional, environmental, etc. In this approach, the performance assessment is an essential facility in the derivation of architectural form. Previous studies showed different opinions about where, when and how to apply evaluation criteria. Consequently, the research problem has been identified as: there is no clear understanding of the effect of different methods of assessing performance criteria (simultaneous and sequential) on the formal diversity of design alternatives. Accordingly, the paper adopts a computerized design strategy based on specific performance criteria and using commercial CAD software to explore the impact of changing the sequence of performance criteria on the formal diversity of design alternatives. The results show that the best designs resulting from the simultaneous evaluation differ from those resulting from the sequential evaluation. In addition, designs resulting from the sequential evaluation process vary when the sequence of performance criteria adopted in the evaluation is changed.

The importance of the act of gravitas in architecture show as a normative rule on the sublimity and nobility of architectural products, through the characteristics of objective rationality and social interaction which is characterized by the act of gravitas such as clam, persistence, seriousness and others . Thus, a series of architectural studies and invitations have recently emerged to restore the gravitas of architectural product, having been overshadowed by the features of manipulation, ironic, softness, self-selectivity and other features that contradict the characteristics of the gravitas act. The studies implicitly or explicitly introduce a set of performance characteristics to achieve the act of gravitas in the architectural output, but did not refer to it as a special study and a comprehensive collection that can be referred to as a standard rule or design characteristics that benefit the designer in building his architectural work (the research problem). The general objective of the research is consistent with the calls for a return to values in architectural products, and specifically seeks to find the characteristics of the performance of the act of gravitas in the architectural output to reach the most important mechanisms and formal elements. The research adopted a synthetic analytical approach between the supporting studies and the architectural studies to derive a comprehensive theoretical framework for the performance of the act of gravitas in architectural output. And then its application to test the hypotheses. The research found two fundamental aspects of the performance of the gravitas, a formal aspect, which was characterized by the repose of form and gravity of form, and an interactive aspect related to the characteristics of the form associated with human and society and represented the value commitment in form and strictness in form.

Previous studies have shown adaptation as key requirements of 21st century buildings generally and particularly, in hospitals’ buildings design, which are depend to apply the technical and global standards enable them to keeping up the development, and be respond to all changes happened with the evolution. While the war and the security deterioration are important factors that effect of hospital performance largely, and make it to exposure the functional and spatial obsolescence, and through that the research was founded lack of studies that focused on the concept of adaptation in the healthcare facilities, that identified the problem as (Lack of studies which deal with the concept of adaptation in local hospital buildings), and shown the hypothesis as (the buildings of hospitals designed according to VA standards, are adaptive buildings to any change occurs). So the research was elected al-Falluja Teaching Hospital as a local sample in practical study, that leading to the criteria of structural building are the most important criteria achieving adaptation in hospital buildings.

The research focuses on one of the important theories on the human brain, how to understand the nature of human thinking and predict its behavior, Hermann\'s theory, by introducing a new philosophical vision, looking for the center in Herman\'s model, Called the inner senses as adopted by the philosopher Ibn Sina. Thus, the research problem summarized as follows: the absence of a center in Hermann\'s model of organizing and coordination between the four parts of his brain that he proposed. The research adopted the hypothesis that there is a close relationship between the inner senses as proposed by Ibn Sina and Hermann\'s model, To the supposed center of this model), and the research aims through this proposal to find new symbolic forms developed model Hermann show the presence of the center and reflect the state of dynamism and change that characterizes the brain. The study found that the sense of \"force\" of common sense represents the center in the Hermann model, while the imaginary (pictured) represents part A, the image represents the creative part D, the illusion represented the part C, and the memory (the clipboard) represents part B. The study examined four models of cities in which different ways of thinking used, in which a certain part of the brain was clearly dominated by the four parts. However, the research found that despite the dominance of a particular part, there is a role for other parts but in varying proportions. The four parts are (common sense) which called in our research (human integration) which is the supposed center of the brain.

Today the world is looking at a range of contemporary and influential technologies at all levels, Which contribute to the strengthening of contemporary architecture, Where architecture was directly influenced by contemporary technologies, The speed of achievement and accuracy in work and little effort as well as the diversity of materials that would last longer, This has become a point of attraction for architectural trends, especially the original Arab Islamic decoration, Which in the past had been created by local materials that were subject to erosion, with craftsmen\'s hands and a long time of achievement, Despite the availability of modern technologies of material and high-end possibilities, it remains to be seen whether Arab-Islamic decorations under this technological revolution still preserve their spirit and authenticity, Hence the special research problem, which states: (The lack of knowledge about the spirituality of the decorative product of contemporary Islamic Arab architecture), Therefore, the aim of the research is to promote the spiritual achieved in the decorative products inherent and inherent in contemporary Arab Islamic architecture, The research methodology included building a conceptual and knowledge framework for the main and secondary research terms, and then extrapolating a number of previous studies and constructing the theoretical framework for the research and then applying it to a sample of the selected projects. And that the most important research findings that the spirituality of original decorative products lies in the aesthetics associated with the form subject to the original content, where spiritual means the bug in existence and overflowing form of vitality and immortality, And the contemporary technical development in the construction materials and methods of construction makes the Arab Islamic decoration as authentic and contemporary as long as it preserves the content and form of content..