Al-Qadisiyah Journal For Humanities Sciences

means through which the poet can express what is going through his mind and soul in terms of visions, feelings and ideas, the recipient who is the main pillar in the creative process, and poetry in contrast to that is a creative process in which the poet tries to mix reality with imagination and emotion with feeling according to special artistic aesthetic laws, and our research is an attempt to study the sensory image that is formed through the correspondence of the senses in the poetry of (Al-Baha Zuhair)

The issue of terrorism is one of the most important issues that must be focused on, as it is based on ideas that have no connection to humanity
Its goal is to eliminate the opposing other, by any means, with their dangerous texts that do not encourage enjoining good and forbidding evil in the known sense practiced by the civil system, cleric, or any other Muslim, but rather calling for jihad and restricting it to the sacrifice of one’s life All of their speeches are frank. We are facing an institution or organizations that impose their visions by all means with a speech that is difficult to predict the extent of its influence. Therefore, we must produce a counter-speech with the same force that refutes what they claim. Therefore, we decided to study the terrorist discourse by examining the nature of its language, the rhetorical strategies, and the most prominent argumentative techniques that we found in the extremist terrorist discourse, to be A call to focus on the language of discourse and monitor any violence and extremism so that our children are not deceived by the preachers of misinformation.

Terrorism arises first from speech, and before it becomes a crime in actual reality, it is a crime of speech.

Scholars, ancient and modern, paid great attention to the Arabic language. They sought to study every major and minor aspect of it. Sometimes they agreed and at other times they disagreed on the complexity of its issues. Therefore, this study sought to reveal the positions of Kufic grammar in some grammatical issues and to state the opinions of the Kufans and Basrans on them, then explain the position of Al-Shihab Al-Khafaji regarding the opinions of The Kufans in it and know the extent to which he agrees and disagrees with their opinions. God Almighty has honored the Arabic language by making it the language of His Noble Book, and virtuous scholars, linguists and interpreters, have prepared for it virtuous scholars, including linguists and interpreters, who have dedicated themselves to serving it. Grammarians have been influenced by the commentators’ sayings in most grammatical issues, and some interpreters have relied on grammatical guidelines to explain the meanings of some Qur’anic verses. . Therefore, this study aims to reveal the positions of Kufic grammar in some grammatical issues and explain the opinions of the scholars of Kufa and Basra regarding them, then explain the position of Al-Shihab Al-Khafaji regarding them. Our way to do this was to adopt the descriptive and analytical approach, as the nature of the modest research required two paragraphs:
First: This paragraph included a theoretical introduction to the origins of Kufic grammar and its features, and an introduction to Shihab al-Din and his entourage.
Second: This paragraph was devoted to presenting some examples in which disagreement occurred and in which the commentator’s opinion emerged.

This study examines one of the poets of the prose poem in the city of Diwaniyah—a poet who has not been in the spotlight despite possessing a poetic voice and expressive tools. He has managed to shape words into an aesthetically impactful form, creating poetic imagery filled with dynamism and growth. His imagery seeks to establish a serious connection between reality and imagination.
The poetry collection Holes in a Borrowed Shirt, published by Zero One Printing, Publishing, Distribution, and Advertising in Diwaniyah, represents the beauty of the prose poem in the best way possible. Therefore, we have analyzed it, focusing on its stylistic structures and rhetorical elements.
For this poet, poetry is an art of dialogue—a dialogue between the poet’s self and everything around him, including nature, objects, and women, all mediated through imagination drawn from life experiences. This research aims to bring the imagery closer, analyze the meanings, and explore the sources of aesthetic values within this collection.

This study aims to demonstrate the intentional features of poetic discourse in the poetry of people with disabilities in the book (Al-Bursan, Al-Urjan, Al-Amyan, and Al-Hawlan) by the literary critic Abu Uthman Al-Jahiz (d. 255 AH). This study applies the mechanisms of one of the linguistic terms and the important axes of the pragmatic approach. This is done in order to arrive at the intentions behind the creation of the rhetorical significance of the poetry of people with disabilities in the book under study, and to reveal the interactive cycle between the creator of the poetic discourse and the level of reception and response to poetic texts issued by poets afflicted with disabilities, presented to us by Abu Uthman Al-Jahiz in various forms. Undoubtedly, the literary text issued by an addressee with a disability differs from that issued by other able-bodied people, and reflects a psychological, emotional, social, and cultural impact on the addressee. From this perspective, this study comprises three sections that address the levels of speaker intentionality and the meaning and image the speaker seeks to convey to the recipient. The first section addresses context and its impact on the intentionality of poetic discourse. The second section covers speech acts and poetic discourse intentionality. The third section covers the mechanisms of semantic production in directing poetic discourse intentionality.

The current research aims to verify the nature and level of (reactive aggression) among middle school students. Reactive aggression is the desire to harm someone and is described as "hot", influential, angry and impulsive behavior. It refers to angry and emotionally disorganized responses in most cases to insults or frustrations. The researchers believe that this variable is one of the important topics in the lives of middle school students that require investigation and scientific research. Reactive aggression refers to the desire to harm someone and is described as "hot", influential, angry and impulsive behavior. The researchers believe that studying this variable is one of the important topics in the lives of middle school students that requires investigation and scientific research. Based on what was mentioned, the problem of the current research is summarized in answering the following question: Is there reactive aggression among middle school students? The current research also aims to identify:
• Reactive aggression among middle school students. • Significance of the difference in the interactive aggression scale according to the gender variables (males, females)
To achieve these goals, the researchers relied on the descriptive approach as the most appropriate method for the current research. The researchers selected a sample of middle school students consisting of (355) male and female students distributed among government schools in the center of Diwaniyah Governorate using a stratified random method, then applied the interactive aggression scale that was built according to the Dodge and colleagues 1994 model and was in the final form of (12) paragraphs, and after conducting and applying the appropriate statistical methods, the indicators of the validity of the structure were verified through apparent validity, while its stability was inferred by retesting and Cronbach's alpha, as the value of the stability coefficient for the interactive aggression scale by retesting method reached (0.71) and by Cronbach's alpha method (0.73). After analyzing the data collected from a sample of middle school students using the (SPSS) program, the researchers obtained some results:
1- Middle school students are characterized by interactive aggression.
2- There are no statistically significant differences according to gender (males, females) in the interactive aggression scale.
At the end of the research, the researchers came up with a set of recommendations and suggestions.

The gypsies represent a distinct subculture within the broader Iraqi society, characterized by practices deemed socially unacceptable. Their migration to Iraq originated from India, passing through Persia, and eventually spreading to various regions, with Iraq becoming a suitable destination for many of them.
The societal rejection of gypsies in Iraq is attributed to their unique economic identity, which is defined by specific professions they are known for, such as art, prostitution, and begging. These professions are usually practiced collectively, providing social protection and cohesion among them. Consequently, kinship plays a significant role in the lives of the gypsies.
Despite this, the gypsies lack tribal leaders or chiefs. However, a few individuals ascend in status due to their social authority, which is strengthened by external social relations alongside economic factors.
Furthermore, the professions practiced by the gypsies in Iraq impose a superficial religiosity upon them. They identify with Islam and are divided into Sunni and Shia factions, influenced ecologically by the regions they inhabit, whether in the south, north, or central Iraq. Their religiosity stems from a desire to integrate into the broader society—a desire that remains unfulfilled. Thus, their interaction with the wider society is marked by extreme caution. In contrast, their internal communication is governed by shared language, physical similarities, as well as common behavioral patterns and cultural traits.

The research, entitled Digital Transformation and its Role in Achieving Social Security, sought to identify digital transformation, the foundations of its establishment and its stages, as well as its advantages and disadvantages, in addition to the social challenges facing it. It also sought to identify the dimensions of social security, its threats, the means of achieving it, and the effective factors in it, as well as knowing the role of transformation. Digital in combating administrative corruption. Increased attention to issues of virtual society and information networks and social since the form internet cyberspace information and his success in establishing that default groups, has become the Internet interaction of part of everyday life for many individuals. There is not doubt that features family relationships have been changed significantly with the development of modern means of contemporary communication.
The aim of this study is to investigate the extent of the changes, suffered by family relationships due to establishment of relations across the internet forming from which the so-called virtual society on the real fabric of family relationships.

This study explores the concept of community security in Islam through a comprehensive analysis of its foundations in the Qur’an, the Prophetic Sunnah, and the opinions of Islamic jurists. The research emphasizes that Islam approaches community security not merely as a response to physical threats or legal violations, but as a holistic system rooted in faith, social justice, moral responsibility, and the preservation of fundamental human necessities: religion, life, intellect, wealth, and honor.
The Qur’anic discourse presents a multidimensional vision of security that extends beyond the absence of fear to include psychological, social, and economic stability. The Prophetic Sunnah offers practical models for promoting peaceful coexistence, civic responsibility, and treaty-based relationships with non-Muslim communities. Furthermore, the contributions of classical and contemporary Islamic jurists underscore the importance of legal and ethical guidance in preserving societal harmony and resisting moral decay and political disorder, especially in times of crisis.
The findings reveal that Islamic jurisprudence provides a sustainable framework for maintaining community security, based on principles of collective responsibility, deterrence of harm, and equitable social welfare. The study concludes by advocating for a revival of the Islamic model of community security through institutional and societal mechanisms that can address the challenges of modern Muslim societies.

The research titled "Social Transformations and Organized Violence: Causes and Effects (An Analytical Study)" addresses important issues that have occupied public opinion and successive governments since 2003 until today. It focuses on social transformations and their impact on organized violence, identifying the key causes and effects that drive this phenomenon. The study employs an analytical method to reach the following primary conclusions:
1. We can conclude that organized violence is not a natural state. According to Marxist thought, violence is not inherent in human nature but is a result of class and economic conflicts caused by social inequality. This implies that organized violence emerges in societies where there are class gaps and struggles over the means of production.
2. We deduce that ideological conflict is a catalyst for organized violence. Conflicting ideologies, whether on a local or international level, often fuel the emergence of organized violence. The clash between differing ideas frequently leads to the use of violence as a tool to achieve specific objectives or impose a particular vision.
3- We find that the multiplicity and evolution of forms of organized violence indicate that organized violence in Iraq has developed over time through groups that adopted various ideologies, such as some groups associated with the Ba'ath Party, which later evolved into Al-Qaeda and then ISIS. This reflects the ability of ideological groups to adapt and evolve based on political and social conditions.

The research reviews the development of sociological thought in Iraq, identifying its different paths and the extent to which it is affected by the political and social changes experienced by Iraqi society, analyzing the contributions of prominent Iraqi thinkers such as Ali Al-Wardi, Shaker Mustafa Salim and Hatem Al-Kaabi, and their role in formulating sociological ideas that suit the reality of Iraqi society, with reference to their influence on Western sociological theoretical frameworks and the extent of their adaptation to them. And analyze the interaction of this thought with the modern challenges faced by Iraqi society in light of globalization and global transformations. Providing new visions for the development of Iraqi sociological thought in the face of contemporary social issues, by focusing on the importance of building local sociological models capable of explaining and understanding the ongoing transformations in Iraq.

After the media is one of the means that has agreat impact on socility and has be come currently playing an effective role in sccilty it may be amans through which violce is eliminated in socilty by the midia dissemingting information and news that call for cooperation and solidarity withen socilty and eliminating violence that leads to the spread of conflicts and extremist ideas in society the research problem was represented by knowingthe role of media in building ascilkty freeof violence because the media has agreat role in fluencing the behavior of the indival the important of the research was represented by the throtical importance and the objectives of the rserch were resperted by knowing violence and its causes and wht is the role of the midea in elimminting it after this research frome young people at –qadisiyah university the research rechard asset of result
1-the media has major role in conforting and eliminating violence and this is achieved by per
2-family disitntegration and deterioratgion OF LIVING CONDITIONS are acuse of violence within society
3-the deterioration of economicstanded is one of the causes that leads to violence

The aim of the current research is to identify the impact of collective feelings on the behavior of individuals within crowds and to identify the positive and negative changes that occur in the behavior of the individual within the crowd, as well as to know the types of crowds that most influence the behavior of individuals. The researcher used the social survey method on a sample of (200) respondents. The individual within the crowd merges with the masses and is devoid of will in his decisions and actions, but rather is subject to the decisions and actions of the masses. The behavior of individuals in the crowd is more extreme compared to what it is when they are alone. What is meant by extremism here is the exaggeration in the expression of feelings by individuals, whether they are feelings of joy, sadness, or anger. This extremism is the result of the individual’s submission to the collective behavior.

Arrogance is a very serious psychological and social problem, with negative repercussions on productivity in institutions, the relationship between superiors and subordinates, and the overall functioning of the institution. It is a behavior exhibited by individuals in the management of an institution, characterized by exaggerating one's capabilities and achievements compared to what one actually possesses, comparing oneself to others, not accepting the opinions of others, and displaying superiority with hostility towards them. This in itself constitutes an obstacle to improving the work of institutions, increasing the effectiveness of subordinates, and developing their work. It also affects the behavior of subordinates within the institution. In light of the above, the current study seeks to measure the patterns of arrogance among department heads on a sample of (300) department heads, both male and female. The sample was selected using a stratified random method and a proportional approach. To measure this variable, a scale of arrogance patterns was constructed in accordance with Cowan's theory (2019). In its final form, it consisted of (28) items according to a five-point Likert scale, distributed among three patterns: (individual arrogance, comparative arrogance, and hostile arrogance). After verifying the validity and reliability of the scale and statistically analyzing its items on the research sample, the research results indicated that department heads exhibit individual arrogance, and that male department heads are more individual arrogant than females. There is no difference between department heads with scientific and humanities specializations in terms of individual arrogance patterns, and there is an interaction between gender and specialization variables to influence individual arrogance.

In today's world, which is marked by an overwhelming flow of information and a multiplicity of communication and media channels, the ability to distinguish between reliable and false information has become a vital skill—especially in light of the widespread use of modern media and digital technology. While persuasion is considered a psychological and social process aimed at changing thoughts, behaviors, or attitudes by influencing minds and emotions, resistance to persuasion reflects an individual’s tendency to defend their current beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors. This resistance provides a sense of correctness regarding their opinions and reinforces feelings of stability and consistency. Accordingly, the current study aimed to measure resistance to persuasion among high school students. A sample of 600 male and female students was selected using the proportional stratified random sampling method. To measure this variable, a scale consisting of( 22 ) items was constructed, with responses designed according to the Likert scale format. After extracting the indicators of validity and reliability using appropriate statistical tools, the results indicated that the students exhibited a level of resistance to persuasion. Moreover, there were no statistically significant differences in their responses based on gender (male, female) or academic specialization (scientific, literary).
In light of these findings, the study concludes with a set of recommendations and suggestions.