Journal of Al-qadisiya in arts and educational sciences

The research addressed underage marriage and its impact on the process of socializing children ,The aim of the research was to uncover the effects of child marriage on their future children, The research sample was made up of (100) aminor woman married at anearly age and an older henry, The researchers used the questionnaire as atool for data collection, The research found that the marriage of minors (eariy marriage) has several negative effects in the upbringing of children .

The present study is erected to highlight the role of Bakhtarrida Education Institute in curricula designing for the basic education in the Sudan; i.e. elementary and intermediate schools education, with special reference to geography teaching, and training. Assessing that role is one of the main goals of the study, besides assessing the debate about whether to keep the Institute officially functioning or to close it.
The Institute fate lies within the interest of the recent studies as for discussing the effects of the major decisions that related to its liquidation. People are divided toward this matter: Some strongly defend the retention of Institute and its role and accept any changes that help strengthing its role; while others support its lquidation and transference of its all responsipilties to the faculties of educatin that dispersed all over the country.
The present study mainly adopts the qualitative method- case study approach that depends on the observations, reflections and journals. The method stresses on the meanings, the concepts, the terms, the characteristics, the signs, and the description of things. It as well deals with the way and the reasons of the occurrences. Added to that, the study depends on the analysis of historical documents, and followed applied approach in some parts of the research.
The study concluded with the opinion that the Institute of Bakhtarrida should be brought back to life with all the strength that enables it to contribute to Sudan's education renaissance.

The folds of the search for the issuance of Egypt is a constitutional issue and four constitutions one during the period (1952-1981), and the reasons for issuing a new constitution or constitutional amendment were numerous as a result of the nature of the changes that were amended in an amendment, and among these reasons is to change the system of government from a monarchy and then a republican, It was imperative that there be a temporary constitutional declaration for the functioning of the system that included eleven articles in Egypt restricting itself to more articles, forming a constitution committee, and a mark, and after that, the constitution was issued in 1956, which did not last a year and two months after consumption with Syria in 1958, the Arab unity imposed on it to issue A constitution that fits with unity, and after its end in 1961, Jamal Abdel Nasser aimed to promulgate a constitution in 1964 and concentrate power in his hands, The important thing is that the Coptic Church represented by Patriarch Yusap II (1946-1956) and Patriarch Kyrollos VI (1959-1971) almost went with the system, as long as the constitutions issued during their covenants did not focus on what threatening Copts or affecting their rights.
Sadat intended at the beginning of his rule to issue a constitution to get rid of the Nasserite legacy, so it was appointed Church appointed bishops to be its representatives in the constitution-writing committees, and they submitted proposals for some amendments, some of which were taken and the other rejected. As for the amendment that was made in 1979, the Church rejected it as it focused on the Islamism of the constitution and the source of Islam only for legislation, and justified this rejection by fear of the application of extremists and their interpretations of the Islamic texts in the constitution, and the threat of this to the presence of Copts in Egypt, especially with the rise of the extremist tide by some Islamic groups.
The personal status problem and the legal amendments that occurred to it was one of the continuing problems between the church and the authority, and Patriarch Shenouda III represented a stubborn opponent of the authority in objecting to divorce outside the church, and he rejected the Personal Status Law issued in 1955, so he presented to the National Assembly with the rest of the Christian bishops a bill regarding marriage Christians and their divorce, but it was not approved during the study period due to the killing of Sadat on 6 October 1981.

Childhood is a sensitive stage because it is the basic building block for the formation of the foundations of his individual and social experiences, which he obtains from the family environment, through continuous learning processes with different strategies, in the context of social upbringing thanks to the representation of behavior and information from the environment, to reuse it in its interaction with the elements of the social and physical environment that He lives in it, this is how children begin to acquire and shape social behavior and accordingly, the structure surrounding the child - especially the family environment - is of great importance in the formation of his interactive social behaviors, and any defect at this level will inevitably reflect on the overall psychological and social aspects of the child, this situation leads us to Examine the child's lifestyle in our society, and we find that violence is the prominent feature surrounding him, the thing that impedes his healthy development, and this is reflected in his subsequent stages of development, and this effect may extend to the rest of society members to pose a real threat to society as a whole

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The reference manifests itself in the imagined worlds as a result of the process of imagination and a summary of it. The novelist, with his reference evocation and its elements and imagining them within the narrative text, works to formulate worlds that fall within the scope of the possible and the possible. For the act of reading and receiving, these worlds came in the novels of Najm Wali in two forms: possible and fictional worlds, the features of the first are evident in the open ends of the narrative that have become a feature of his novels. Through the clear presence of the experiences of the typewriter as the reference elements that establish the formation of possible worlds, and the features of other worlds are revealed in the strange and strange narratives.

Humor, irony, joking and joking are synonyms, the direct purpose of which is to entertain oneself and provoke laughter. As for the literary production, it is intended to convey the critical idea to others, especially the unjust rulers, without being persecuted, all in defense of the rights of the oppressed... Sometimes writers use this method.

The aim of this study are investigate learning styles according Honey & Mumford” for students of biology department. So, The researcher has built a list of learning styles, which consisted of four styles (active, contemplative, theoretical, and excuse) with (10) items for each method, so the scale as a whole consisted of (40) items.
The researcher calculated the psychometric properties of the scale and verified the stability of the scale using the Cronbach’s Alpha equation, and its value reached (0.91), which is a high stability value.
The scale was applied to a sample of students of the Department of Life Sciences, the morning study for the academic year (2019-2020).
Through electronic classes, the number of which is (224) male and female students, and for the second and fourth grades, and the result showed that the method of instrumental learning was in the first place in relation to learning methods, followed by the method of the meditators in the second place, and the method of the active was in the third place, and the method of theorists It came in fourth place, and a number of recommendations and proposals have been developed.

The elegy is one of the important poetic objectives in Arabic poetry that has undergone transitional and fundamental stages in the history of Arab poetry, namely: the stage of ignorance and the stage of Islam; In ignorance stage, the elegy poem was associated with the subject of criticism, loss of life and fear of nothingness in the culture of ignorance in particular, and male/female poet elegy was associated with the fear of defeat and regression in the field of power. While in Islam, the elegy has evolved radically and the elegy has become as a pride attitude for good person or martyr, and there has been a complete absence of fear of absence or criticism against due to the fundamental change prospective related to the view of the doom day.
And abu Tammam's poem in the Muhammad bin Hamid Al-Tusi’s elegy is one of the famous Arabic poetries in general and famous elegy poetry in particular, and we will address in this study the life and position of the poet Abi Tammam and then we addressed the poetry "literary” in this elegy through linguistic compositions and their significances in the poem, and through the in it, and finally the exquisite improvements. At the end of our study, we conclude several findings.

The shrines of the Bahrain Complex of Nassif Al-Yazji are multiple shrines, dealing with a variety of topics, and the researcher chose one of these shrines, namely the Al-Saidi maqamah, revealing the possibility of employing the rhetoric of the pilgrims to multiply it, and specifically what is involved in practicing fraud against the judge who is the official face of an official institution It is the home of the judiciary that extends to a higher institution, the ruling political authority. This fraud is carried out by one or more characters. In order to earn money, but this goal contains another goal that does not stop at the limits of earning or collecting money. Defrauding the judge presupposes - of course - that the beggar or the marginalized person begs for an argumentative means that guarantees him the influence to have the desired effect on the same judge, and then convince him of the content of the case presented, and this is what will be mentioned during this research

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The land of the two rivers had its own Geography which was characterized more than any other country in the ancient near East. So, this place helped its people playing a great role in creating the oldest and greatest civilization at that time (3000-2004 B.C). The place of Iraq between Asia and Europe with a lot of resources of wealth caused many problems for its people and it was either a grace of Heaven or a source of evil or harm; where invaders from the East and West attached the land and occupied it later on. Its funds in fact attracted those invaders and created problems in different aspects. However , the Mesopotamian people succeeded in creating a great civilization rich in its laws and political systems . On this land lived the Sumerians who founded what is so called the city – states and then the Akkadian state came to be an empire. And as a result of that development , they concluded treaties and pacts. They moreover had diplomatic relations especially after the rise of the Akkadian state and its expansion in the near East till the age of Ur III Dynasty and afterwards.

The current research aims to know , The effectiveness of a proposed strategy according to perception stimulants in developing rhetorical concepts among students of the College of Education, Department of Arabic Language , To achieve the goal of the research, the researcher adopted an experimental design with partial control and remote testing of two experimental and control groups. The research sample reached (96) students. The researcher identified rhetorical topics to be studied during the period of the experiment, and formulated behavioral goals for them After analyzing the data statistically, the researcher concluded the following : There is a statistically significant difference at the level of (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group students and the average scores of the control group students, and for the benefit of the experimental group ,In light of the results of the research, the researcher concluded a number of results, then the researcher recommended a number of recommendations and proposals.