Journal Of Educational and Psychological Researches

This research aims to identify the challenges faced by families of children with intellectual disabilities and to identify the impact of the challenges facing them on the mental health of their children with intellectual disabilities. Based on the following questions: What is the nature of the challenges faced by families of children with disabilities and how do these challenges affect the mental health of their children with intellectual disabilities? The study was conducted on a sample of four families of six children with intellectual disabilities, depending on the degree and type of disability. To achieve the study's objectives, the qualitative approach was used, Because of the importance of accessing information from its natural sources, as required by the nature of the study, the importance of knowing some of the minute details, and being able to delve into the explanations about the challenges facing families with intellectual disabilities. To answer research questions. The results of the study showed that the Lack of awareness plays a major role in mental health in the lives of families and their children in a very large way. The lack of knowledge of the case, how to deal with it, and the outcome of the case affects mainly the lifestyle and mental health of families and their children. The lack of community awareness as well has a clear role in the negative impact on the lives of the families of children with intellectual, social, and educational disabilities. All the interviews in all their different aspects proved the complete need for the necessary psychological, educational, life, and medical awareness, because of their great impact on the mental health of children with intellectual disabilities, and their families.

The current research aims to examine the effectiveness of a training program for children with autism and their mothers based on the Picture Exchange Communication System to confront some basic disorders in a sample of children with autism. The study sample was (16) children with autism and their mothers in the different centers in Taif city and Tabuk city. The researcher used the quasi-experimental approach, in which two groups were employed: an experimental group and a control group. Children aged ranged from (6-9) years old. In addition, it was used the following tools: a list of estimation of basic disorders for a child with autism between (6-9) years, and a training program for children with autism and their mothers, they were prepared by the researcher. The results revealed that there were statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the members of the experimental and control groups in the post-measurement on the Questionnaire of Basic Disorders in Autistic Children in favor of the members of the experimental group. In addition, there are statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the experimental group members in the pre and post-measurements on the Disorders Questionnaire on the basic characteristics of autistic children in favor of the post-measurement. There were no statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the experimental group members in the post and tracer measurements on the Questionnaire of Basic Disorders in Autistic Children. The study recommended training mothers on the Pictures exchange program, and various training programs that seek to develop the skills of their children, and how to apply them with autistic children, as well as expanding the adoption of the use of the Pictures exchange system in centers for children with autism. It suggested conducting studies similar to the current study, dealing with the effect of using training programs based on positive behavior support, and its impact on reducing abnormal behaviors.

The current research aims to reveal the extent to which all scoring rubrics data for the electronic work file conform to the partial estimation model according to the number of assumed dimensions. The study sample consisted of (356) female students. The study concluded that the list with the one-dimensional assumption is more appropriate than the multi-dimensional assumption, The current research recommends preparing unified correction rules for the different methods of performance evaluation in the basic courses. It also suggests the importance of conducting studies aimed at examining the appropriateness of different evaluation methods for models of response theory to the individual according to the number of dimensions.

The current study aims to identify the predictability of burnout in perceived self-competence among mothers of students with disabilities in the Sultanate of Oman. The study sample consists of (484) respondents who were mothers of students with disabilities. The researcher developed a burnout Scale which consists of (19) items and a perceived self-competence Scale which consists of (20) items. A correlation descriptive design was used. The results showed that the level of burnout was low (Mean= 2.30), while the level of burnout was high (Mean= 3.87). Regarding the correlation coefficient, the results showed that there was a significant negative correlation between burnout and perceived self-competence. According to regression, the results showed that burnout predicts (37%) of perceived self-competence among mothers of students with disabilities in the Sultanate of Oman (R2=0.037).

The current research aims to identify the effectiveness of social stories in increasing social interaction among children with an autism spectrum disorder. The researcher used the single-subject design methodology (Single Subject Designs, SSD) with
(A-B) design to answer the research questions. The study sample consisted of (3) children with autism spectrum disorder enrolled in a transit daycare center in the Asir region, Saudi Arabia. The results of the study showed that there is a positive functional relationship between social stories and play to increase social interaction among children with autism spectrum disorder, which contributed to the acquisition and generalization of this behavior. It may not be adequate to the desired degree, which calls for recommending a study that measures the effectiveness of the intervention in children with autism spectrum disorder accompanied by hyperactivity and attention deficit.

The research aims to investigate the private sector attitudes toward operational contracting in special education schools. The research adopted the qualitative approach by using personal interviews with a sample of (45) private school owners and managers in Oman. The results of the research revealed that there is an agreement among the majority of respondents on the ability of the private sector to manage special education schools, the advantages of the partnership, as well as the need for guarantees to support this partnership. The government should fully assume it. The role of the private sector remains to raise the operational efficiency of schools. Opinions vary about the level of powers granted to the private sector to operate special education schools. The importance of the availability of legislative and regulatory frameworks for operational contracting for all administrative and educational aspects. There are many obstacles that may impede the private sector's desire for operational contracting.

The study aims to build a training program based on the Connectivism Theory to develop e-learning competencies for Islamic education teachers in the Governorate of Dhofar, as well as to identify its effectiveness. The study sample consisted of (30) Islamic education teachers to implement the training program, they were randomly selected. The study used the descriptive approach to determine the electronic competencies and build the training program, and the quasi-experimental approach to determine the effectiveness of the program. The study tools were the cognitive achievement test and the observation card, which were applied before and after. The study found that the effectiveness of the training program in developing cognitive achievement and practical performance related to the e-learning competencies of the study sample. One of the most important recommendations of the study is to train Islamic education teachers to design electronic tests and use interactive tools in the classroom and extracurricular activities based on e-learning and to prepare electronic training bags based on The Connectivism theory in developing the professional competencies of teachers of Islamic education in general and e-learning in teaching in particular.

The research aims to measure the level of critical thinking skills among students of A’Sharqiah University in the Sultanate of Oman, as well as identify the level of their availability based on the variables: gender, academic level, school year, cumulative average, and general diploma / high school ratio. The researchers used the descriptive approach. To achieve the objectives of the study, they used The California Test for Critical Thinking Skills Picture (A) after evaluation (Farraj, 2006). It was applied to a sample of (487) students from A’sharqiah University. The results of the study found that the critical thinking skills of A’sharqiah University students are below the educationally acceptable level. There are no statistically significant differences due to the variables of gender and school year in all five skills. Also, there are no statistically significant differences due to the academic level variable in all skills except for the induction skill in favor of the higher diploma. Moreover, there are no statistically significant differences due to the cumulative average variable in all skills except for the skill of deduction in favor of a rate of (3.6-4) over a rate of (2.6-3). There are no statistically significant differences due to the variable of the cumulative average in all skills except for the two skills: extrapolation and Inference, after conducting a Shafeeh test, it appeared that the extrapolation skill was in favor of (90.1-99%) over (60.1-70%), and the inference skill was in favor of (90.1-99%) over (70.1-80%).

Most universities in the world are largely committed to creating credible and transparent admission standards that provide justice in admission and have the ability to predict students' performance in their chosen programs. Hence, this study aimed to reveal the predictive ability of the acceptance criteria for the level of performance of master's students in the College of Education at Sultan Qaboos University. Quantitative data were collected from (115) students' admission documents for those accepted in the postgraduate programs for the academic year 2019-2020, and GPA data was collected from students’ transcripts for the fall semester of 2019. Qualitative data were also collected from the interviews that were conducted with focus groups of (27) graduated students from various disciplines. SPSS software was used for analyzing quantitative data while NVivo software was used for qualitative data. The results of multiple regressions revealed the ability of the interviews to predict the students' GPA in the master’s program. Study results also showed there are many strengths and weaknesses related to the admission exam and interview standards since they measure applicants' ability in the specialization of knowledge and their personal characteristics. The study provides a set of recommendations such as developing admission criteria by introducing non-traditional criteria represented in the applicant's portfolio and job performance.

Digital repositories are considered one of the integrated collaborative educational environments that help every researcher interested in developing the education and educational process. The learning resources provided by the repositories are suitable for every researcher, so digital information can be stored and exchanged by ensuring the participation and cooperation of researchers, teachers, and those who are interested, as well as curricula experts, teachers, and students, to exchange each other’s experiences in constantly updating that information as a reason for developing their performance in education. This reveals the importance of the role of educational digital institutions by providing and developing repositories for preserving research and studies of interest in the educational process and of interest to teachers in the primary stage, where the primary stage teacher can benefit from digital deposits in providing and building the preparation of classes and lessons of an electronic nature, as well as his development in all his roles of methods Teaching, the scientific side, the educational, and human side. Therefore, teachers, researchers, and those interested in the educational process should be urged and encouraged to develop their performance in teaching by designing and building educational digital repositories in all different branches of science. The research reached that the success of the educational process depends on a group linked to the elements of the educational process, including the teacher and his role in the stage of elementary schools through their development. The searcher recommended providing the material requirements and capabilities necessary for the application of digital repositories in the educational process.

The current research aims to identify the typical effect of Flower and Coscroft on expressive performance and the development of lateral thinking among literary fifth-grade students. To achieve the research objective, the researcher chose a sample of (90) female students from the fifth literary grade, with two experimental groups and a control group. The research groups are of six subjects. The research found that the two experimental groups have more expressive performance than the control group. Students of the first experimental group outperformed the students of the second experimental group in expressive performance and lateral thinking tests. In light of the findings of the research, the researcher came out with a set of recommendations and suggestions.

The factor that keeps society from collapsing and regressing to chaos, violence, and lawbreaking is to stick to the human moral principles and criteria of moral behavior that prevent the spread of corruption and crime to the extent that law becomes devoid of activity and loss its dot errant power in front of chaos. The role of moral behavior is to motivate individuals to respect the general laws in dealing with others. Because of the dissemination of odd behavior patterns within our society, the social links are been badly affected and it's urgent for educational institutions to perform their duty in working on spreading awareness about moral values and avoid deviant directions and socially threatening tendencies and clutching to the moral path in social coherence. To achieve the objective of the research, the researcher built two scales, the first one is to asses personal and moral responsibility according to Glasser's theory, which consists of (41) items. The second one consists of (31) items to measure moral flexibility according to the theory of Jonathan Haidt. The researcher used a five-scale measure to asses the sample response. The researcher tested face validity for the two scales by displaying them on a group of experts. Then, the researcher tested the reliability and discrimination power of items and the relationship between each item with the sum. The scales had applied to the sample which consists of (400) male and female teachers from secondary schools. In the light of results, the researcher put forward some recommendations and suggestions.

The current research aims to identify the effect of the proposed strategy in accordance with realistic mathematics on the achievement and mathematical Interrelation of third Intermediate students. Two samples were tested from the middle third grade in a school affiliated with the General Directorate of Baghdad- Rusafa, the first for the academic year (2022-2021). The experimental group is (30) students taught according to the proposed strategy, and the control group is (30) students based on the traditional method. To achieve the research objective, the researchers developed a test for achievement consisting of (30) items and a test of sports interconnection composed of (20) items. The results of the study showed that there are statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the students of the two groups in the achievement test and the mathematical correlation test in favor of the experimental group.

The current research aims to identify the effectiveness of concept maps in the academic achievement of the art of elegance and fashion for third vocational students. The current research is a quasi-experimental one. The research sample consisted of (74) female students in Al-Saydiyah secondary school for girls, they were divided into two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The following hypothesis was developed: There are no statistically significant differences at the level (0.05) between the average scores of the students who studied the subject using concept maps and the average scores of the students who studied the subject in the traditional method in the post-achievement test. The research results showed there are statistically significant differences at the level (0.05) between the average scores of the students who studied the subject using concept maps and the average scores of the students who studied the subject in the traditional method in the post-achievement test in favor of the experimental group. In light of the research result, it concludes that the concept maps are highly effective and contribute significantly to improving the performance of students in the achievement test. Finally, the research came out with a set of recommendations and suggestions.

The aim of the research is to identify the cognitive curiosity of students of religious schools in the al-Anbar Governorate. The sample consisted of (346) students from the secondary stage in religious schools affiliated with the Department of Religious Education and Islamic Studies. The sample included (232) males, (114) females, and (225) represented the intermediate stage, (121) represented the preparatory stage in religious schools. The researcher developed a scale of perceptual curiosity comprising (30) items with three alternatives (always applicable to me, rarely applicable to me, not applicable to me). The results showed that religious school students have a perceptive curiosity; there are no statistically significant differences in the scale due to the variables (sex, stage).

The current research aims to identify psychological resilience among middle school students. a sample of (300) male and female students was chosen from Al- Azmaa Intermediate School for Boys and Ohran Intermediate School for Girls, It is affiliated with the second Rusafa Education Directorate in Baghdad Governorate. To achieve the research objective, the researcher adopted a scale of Luthar & Cicchetti (2000) to measure psychological resilience. The results showed that middle school students have psychological resilience. There is no significant difference in psychological resilience between males and females.

This research aims to develop a unit as part of a sixth-grade Arabic language textbook and measure its effectiveness in the development of twenty-first-century skills of female students. The author adopted the experimental approach with a quasi-experimental design of the pre-post single-group. A list of the major skills was derived from the framework for the 21st-century skills of the mother tongue that was developed by the Partnership for 21st-Century Skills and reviewed and adjusted by some specialists. According to their views, the unit was developed. The study targeted 15 sub-skills falling under three main skills. The results of the study showed the effectiveness of the developed unit in the development of twenty-first-century skills as a whole and of each skill set. Based on the findings, the study recommends that the concerned authorities responsible for development in the Ministry of Education consider developing school textbooks in light of twenty-first-century skills and enriching them in a way that contributes to the development of these skills among students.

The aim of this research is to determine how well the Cubing Technique affects the Iraqi EFL students' composition writing, vocabulary, and meta-cognitive awareness of writing strategies. The sample of (64) secondary-school female students in the fifth grade is drawn from two classrooms and split into two equal groups: the experimental group and the control group, each of which consists of (32) students. A quasi-experimental design is applied. The performance test and Meta-cognitive Writing Strategies questionnaire are given as a pre-test for equalizing the two groups after ensuring their validity and reliability. Then, they are administrated as a posttest in both groups. According to the results, the significant differences are in favor of the cubing technique. Therefore, it is recommended to use it in teaching English as a foreign language.