journal of kufa studies center

Al-Nusayriyyah is one of the most important contemporary Islamic sects that has questioned the pens of Islamic criticism in the contemporary Sunni world and is still there, and many critical studies have been written about it recently, and many websites have been dedicated to it, all of which have been characterized by harsh criticism, which has been issuing takfiri fatwas, and it seems that this position is not born of the current period, but goes back to empty centuries.

It is known that the fundamentalist rules are like a compass through which jurisprudence is directed in the direction that establishes the process of deduction, and it is clear that jurisprudence has the function of explaining the legal rulings and solving the afflicting and life issues that the Muslim individual needs, so the research needs precision and contemplation, and the fundamentalist rules acquire their importance from the function they perform, which made the research hypothesis consistent with that, and because of its importance, the research and scrutiny of one of the topics has been highlighted, researched, and scrutinized on one of the topics, which is the science of fundamentals, which is the experiment and obedience, and the extent to which it is related to the issue of the rule of It is very clear that such issues have a direct connection with practical life and entail many important rulings and effects such as reward and punishment and what is related to the right of obedience to the Guardian over the worshippers, and this requires us to research these terms and rules and clarify their truth and what they are and the opinions of the scholars in them, and to review the evidence that proves and denies their authenticity, so I think it is appropriate that the plan of the research consists of three topics, which are as follows :
The first topic: Obedience: its truth and evidence .
The second topic: Obedience and the rule of tolerance in the evidence of the Sunnah .
The third topic: The truth and evidence of the procedure .
Then review the most important findings reached through the research and the list of sources used in it .

Yusuf bin Muhammad Al-Sarmari is one of the late grammarians, and he has the pearl in grammar, which is a system similar to the famous grammatical systems of Ibn Ma'at and Ibn Malik, and he has an explanation of the pearl on it, which is also similar to the commentaries, and it will be the field of study. It may be in the mind of one of us, according to our admission that he is late, so he will be like those who are late, like those who came before him, and this may be acceptable, but it does not apply to his effort in the grammatical term, and the secret of this is that he has a commendable effort in it, because the term did not get what it deserves among those who applied to it, and it remains deficient to this day. The first is that the grammarian followed him. The second part: He disagreed with them in the naming. The third section: the reasons for choosing the name. Each section we enumerated was a requirement in the research, and it came with three demands with a preface about the sammari and the term, so the aim was to show the way he dealt with the grammatical term in his book, and to highlight this obscure grammar in a way that the Arab media did not appear in various fields.

The Noble Qur'an, the eternal miracle of Allah throughout the ages, the den of days and eons: ( A book whose wonders do not end, and which is not created by the multitude of responses), (whose verses have been judged and then separated by a wise and expert one), it is the secret of the virtuous life and its spirit, and the basis of goodness in it, a book that was revealed to be a method of guidance that guides those who stand by it, and those who hold fast to it are guided, and whoever turns away from it goes astray and perishes by it, and through it the people of truth are distinguished from the people of falsehood, and the people of good from The people of evil, his style was based on miraculous eloquence, and his words were formulated in the most beautiful way, and researching it and investigating its meanings is an inexhaustible work whose knowledge is inexhaustible and does not diminish its strength, and whose endeavors are not wasted, and whose hopes are not disappointed by those who engage in it.
From this point of view, I chose a topic related to Qur'anic studies in its aesthetic and expressive aspect, because tasting the beauty in the Qur'anic text with the images it presented to us provides the opportunity to elevate thoughts and feelings to the holiness of the noble message, and I wanted this research to be the fruit of previous studies and researches calling for the necessity of developing the sense of beauty by tasting the beauty of the Qur'anic systems and the languages and signs hidden under this miraculous expression. It is the language of sight and the meanings that we derive from the types of this prey, which is the eye .

The Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them) have been interested in what they produce of fine artistic speech, which differs from ordinary speech in terms of its composition in an effective way, as it has included unique characteristics, and most of the researches that dealt with their hadiths have been referred to by study and analysis, including the shortness of the phrase, the severity of the event, with the occurrence of rhyme in it sparingly at no cost, as well as the clarity of the Qur'anic effect, as a witness and content.

The phenomenon of the motif appeared in modern literary criticism and in the new rhetorical lesson, and it has origins in Arabic criticism and rhetoric, and that origin is what resembles repetition in rhetoric, so the repetition of the same idea in a poet or writer is what we mean by motif, in this research I studied the personality of Imam Hussein Ibn Ali Ibn Abi Talib - peace be upon them - in the poems of the contemporary Egyptian poet Farouk Juwaida, where the poet focused on the personality of Hussein (peace be upon him) The poet calls out that the world today is in need of Hussain (peace be upon him) more than ever before, as Hussain (peace be upon him) is a symbol of freedom, justice, dignity, sacrifice, rise and disobedience to the titans, the poet comes with the motif of Hussain (peace be upon him) and this great personality means the idea and the idea is represented in struggle, renaissance, freedom and not humbling to tyrants, and one of the results reached is that the poet longs for Hussain In fact, Farouk Juwaida resorted to repeating the idea of freedom to show the oppression and injustice that had been inflicted on the Egyptian people.

The aim of this research was to make a comparison between the two systems in order to reach the most efficient and guaranteed legal organization to protect the security and safety of the informant and the witness of the crime within the legal framework of criminal procedures, especially in serious and serious crimes .
In order to achieve the above-mentioned goal, we will divide this research into two chapters, the first is dedicated to dealing with the definition of the witness protection program so that we can know its meaning at the linguistic and idiomatic levels, then we will touch on the legal organization of this program in the most important comparative laws that have been adopted for it, which is the United States of America, and we will talk about the legal mechanism for entering this program and the termination or termination of the protection it provides to the witness or informant. After completing this, we will proceed to evaluate this system to identify Its most important advantages and disadvantages.
As for the second chapter of this research, it will be dedicated to researching the nature of the secret informant, and in preparation for that, we will deal with the definition of secret information and its types, then we will deal with the definition of the secret informant and distinguish it from what is similar to it, and in addition to that, we will present the evaluation or evaluation of this system in order to highlight or show its advantages and disadvantages.
In conclusion, I will mention the most important conclusions and suggestions we have reached.

On 12 June 2010, the first review conference of the International Criminal Court (ICC) was held in Kampala, the capital of Uganda, which resulted in the issuance of a resolution adopted by consensus , defining the crime of aggression and laying down the basic rules for the exercise of the court's jurisdiction to consider the crime. States parties by consensus or by a two-thirds majority to adopt the amendments, so that the International Criminal Court has inherent jurisdiction to consider the crime of aggression for the first time since the Nuremberg and Tokyo trials after World War II.
However, there are still some outstanding problems represented by the nature of the role of the Security Council under the amendments related to the crime of aggression, and whether the Court will actually enjoy independence when exercising its jurisdiction over the crime of aggression or whether the role of the Security Council may prevent that, and the amendments have kept the system of integration applicable to the crime of aggression, which will lead to hindering the Court's exercise of its jurisdiction over the crime in the future.

The research aims to identify the financial ratios that the Iraqi Stock Exchange discloses, measure and test the impact of these ratios on the prices of ordinary shares of commercial banks listed on the market, and to indicate which of those financial ratios issued by the Iraqi Financial Market have the greatest impact on the movements of ordinary share prices up and down in the market, as well as to identify the extent to which it is possible to predict the trends of the shares of commercial banks in the market based on those financial ratios.
The research covered a period of time that extended from (2004-2013) in order to complete the data required for analysis, and the research adopted the hypothesis that "there is a statistically significant effect of the financial ratios issued by the Iraqi Stock Exchange on the prices of the ordinary shares of commercial banks listed on the market".
For the purpose of achieving the objectives of the research and testing the validity of its hypothesis, it was applied in practice to a sample of private joint stock commercial banks listed on the Iraqi Stock Exchange and ( 10) banks selected according to certain conditions.
Using multiple linear regression analysis and a number of statistical indicators in measuring and testing the effect of independent variables (financial ratios) on the dependent variable (ordinary share price), the research reached results that support the validity of the above hypothesis.
The research concluded with a set of recommendations, the most important of which are :
The necessity of taking advantage of the financial ratios issued by the Iraqi Financial Market to identify the movements of the ordinary share prices of commercial banks and predict them up and down in the market, and the need for the management of the Iraqi Financial Market to take into account the issue of timing when disclosing those financial ratios so that market participants can benefit from them when making their investment decisions, as well as the research recommends that commercial banks submit their financial data and reports to the market at the appropriate times for the purpose of providing the market with the opportunity to prepare information and disclose them and make them available to market participants in a timely manner.

At the beginning of the first decade of the third millennium, the world experienced the emergence of a real estate crisis in the United States of America, which quickly turned into a financial and economic crisis that spread across various countries of the world, and led to the collapse of the largest banks, financial institutions and global economic companies, which accelerated in all directions to obtain liquidity In the crisis, it was a solution to the crisis, despite being accused of being one of the reasons for its emergence, and these funds achieved tremendous development in the volume of their investments, but they incurred large losses. Algeria has a sovereign fund directed to cover the public budget deficit. It is required to invest its financial surpluses through the establishment of a new sovereign fund directed at investing in foreign economic companies to benefit from the remnants of the crisis and transfer technologies to Algeria at low costs.

The achievement depends on the individual effort in achieving the achievement, which is the responsibility of the player, in addition to that, the psychological tension and increase of the excitement of the player as a result of the pressure of the race and competition, raises the level of emotional arousal, and the importance of the research lies in the use of a cognitive behavioral guidance program and identifying its impact on mental health, the level of emotional arousal and achievement among the young throwing players of the Najaf Sports Club. The research problem was that psychological tension and increasing the player's arousal as a result of the pressure of race and competition raise the level of emotional arousal, which leads to the dissipation of his physical energy without benefiting from it, and the researcher noted that most throwing coaches diagnose the high state of arousal in the player and treat it through long-term and short-term psychological training in traditional methods, so the researcher tried to build a cognitive behavioral counseling program in the mental health of players to control their emotions as well as improve their achievement, and the research objectives were to build a program. Cognitive behavioral counseling in mental health among young throwing event players of Najaf Sports Club and identifying the impact of the cognitive behavioral counseling program on mental health and the level of emotional arousal and achievement among young throwing event players of Najaf Sports Club, and the researcher assumed the existence of statistically significant differences of the cognitive behavioral counseling program in mental health, the level of emotional arousal and achievement among the young throwing event players of Najaf Sports Club, and the second chapter included theoretical and similar studies, as the researcher touched on The researcher used the experimental method in the method of (two equal groups) as it fits with the nature of the research problem on the young players belonging to the Najaf Sports Club in throwing activities, and their number reached (14) players, who were divided into two groups by stratified random method of (7) players for the control group and (7) players for the experimental group, and the processes of homogeneity and parity were performed in the variables that are likely to affect the program, which are (weight and age). The tests used in the research were to measure the level of mental health, measure the level of emotional arousal, and measure the achievement of throwing activities, and to achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher had to prepare the proposed cognitive behavioral counseling program, conduct the pre-test, implement the proposed program, and post-test, and the researcher concluded that the young players of Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf Club in throwing activities enjoy a moderate level of mental health and emotional arousal. The Cognitive Behavioral Counseling Program has a positive effect on improving the level of mental health, emotional arousal and the achievement of throwing activities and in favor of the post-test, and the researcher recommended that the coaches of throwing events should benefit from the training of the proposed program as it helps the athlete to control his emotions and develop the achievement better and conduct more research and studies to identify the nature of this study on the rest of the athletics activities.

The present research aims to find out the extent of organizational commitment among faculty members at the University of Kufa, in addition to knowing the extent of the relationship between organizational commitment, performance evaluation and teaching methods, and to achieve this, a questionnaire was used to measure the viewpoint of faculty members towards organizational commitment through the organizational commitment scale, which consists of (7) paragraphs. . After obtaining the results through the use of the SPSS educational bag, it was found that the faculty members have organizational commitment, in addition to the correlation between organizational commitment and performance evaluation, as well as there is a correlation between organizational commitment and teaching methods.