Iraqi National Journal Of Chemistry

reclaimed tires rubber, polypropylene waste, thermal fusion carbonization, adsorption isotherms, Di-Azo dye, activated carbon.

In order to produce asphaltic materials with good specifications for use in paving, this study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the rheological properties of asphalt by adding various ratios of polymeric mixtures of (EVA + urea formaldehyde resin) at 150 °C for 60 minutes and in the presence of (1%) by weight of sulfur. In addition to being level, stronger asphalt can withstand severe loads and climate changes. There, tests for ductility, penetration, softening, the penetration index (PI), the Marshall test, and chemical absorption were done. By adding polymer to the rheological modification of asphalt, it was possible to make asphaltic products with good rheological properties that could be used for paving.

This study presents a novel method for preparing a surface tension-reducing solution using locally available vegetable ghee through a sulfonation process. The ghee was sulfonated using concentrated sulfuric acid, followed by neutralization with sodium hydroxide. The surface tension of the resulting solution was measured at different concentrations, both alone and in combination with poly(acrylic acid). Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was employed to confirm the formation of sulfonic groups. The results showed a significant variation in surface tension with changing concentrations, with a minimum observed at 5 mL and a maximum at 3 mL. When mixed with poly(acrylic acid), the solution exhibited the highest surface tension at a 1 mL concentration and the lowest at a 4 mL concentration. These findings suggest that vegetable ghee can be effectively transformed into a functional anionic surfactant with potential applications in detergents, emulsifiers, and pharmaceutical formulations.

This study utilized polyurea as the core material and nano-aluminum oxide as the reinforcement material at varying weight percentages (0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, and 9%) to produce a composite material. Mechanical tests (hardness, tensile strength) and thermal conductivity were then performed on the specimens. The tests revealed that reinforcing the polyurea with nano-aluminum oxide enhanced its mechanical properties, resulting in a 10% increase in hardness and tensile strength compared to the base material. Thermal properties, such as thermal conductivity at room temperature, also increased after heat treatment of the material following the addition of nano-aluminum oxide reinforcement at temperatures of 7 and 80°C. The best result was obtained at a weight percentage of 1%.