Journal of Al-Farahidis Arts

Honorifics are a significant aspect of the beauty of the Arabic language and a key phenomenon in Arabic grammar, which our research has examined. This subject is prominent in grammatical studies, appearing frequently in various grammatical works and topics, as will be demonstrated throughout the research.
The importance of this research lies in its study of a phenomenon that reveals prominent topics in grammatical studies, distinguished as foundational elements from which rules are derived and principles established. These principles and materials are constructed as rules, explanations, and grammatical evidence. The research methodology required starting with an introduction where I explained the importance of the topic and the method of its division. I then introduced the material by clarifying the concept of honorifics, its meanings in the language, and its terminological definition as an entry point to the core material of the research, which includes: (expressions indicating honorifics), (reasons for honorifics in grammatical studies), and (manifestations of the phenomenon in grammatical studies). This was followed by a conclusion that included the main findings of the research, and a list of sources and references.

The scales changed with the emergence of the media, as the Israeli occupation government
adopted a new form of propaganda based on soft power in reversing and framing facts, in order
to influence Palestinian public opinion, by simulating their emotions and needs .
One of the prominent experiences in this regard is Israel's exploitation of the media to
complete its propaganda operation in the world in general and in the Middle East and Palestine in
particular; In order to establish itself as a state with its origins in the region, and in order to enable
its occupation of Palestine. Before the emergence of the media, field clashes were the main way
that brought the Palestinian together with his Israeli enemy directly, but after the emergence of
the media, there became another medium that brought together the Palestinian people with the
Israelis, whether they were individuals, leaders, commands or institutions, and this in turn created
a new arena for this conflict that was based primarily on soft power.
The Israeli occupation has practiced various forms of violence and oppression against
the Palestinian people in order to control the Palestinian land, exclude the Palestinians from their
land, and steal their property. In addition to beating with iron and fire, Israel has used propaganda
directed towards the Palestinians in particular since the occupation of Palestine and even before
that, which in turn was based on intimidation and inciting fear and terror.
This research mainly discusses the propaganda contents towards the Al-Aqsa Flood operation
that the Times of Israel website adopted to the world and the incitement of public opinion towards
this operation and the Palestinian people in particular, and the sources and goals behind these
contents, as well as the transformations that the media made in these contents, and its future and
results on the ground :
1. The results of the research showed that the Israeli occupation used various propaganda
methods to serve its goals through the (Times of Israel) website, so it worked to attract
the recipient by focusing on social needs and desires by (46%), so we see that in light of
the Palestinian citizen’s suffocation from the Israeli authority, and the low standard of
living, it focused on his need for a safe and good job opportunity, and his need for
freedom and easy movement, and that what the operation produced The Al-Aqsa Flood
is a purely terrorist act, according to their claim, knowing that the real reason for this
operation is primarily and fundamentally the Israeli occupation, and that the state of
closure is primarily due to this occupation and its actions against Palestinian citizens .
2. The research results showed that other categories of propaganda were ranked in order,
including political, economic, and religious to a lesser extent .
3. The research results showed that the analysis showed that the propaganda discourse
that was directed through the "Times of Israel" website took a positive direction in most
of the analysis samples, where its percentage reached.)% 75(
4. The results of the study showed that the promotional publications of Israeli
propaganda were linked to goals that reached (42%) in order

This research talks about the reasons for naming in Al-Farabi's
Diwan Al-Adab dictionary. I followed the descriptive inductive method,
so I collected the words. Then I studied these names by mentioning
them, then the lexical statement of the reasons for naming each
word, then the linguistic rooting of the word lexically, then the Quranic
rooting of the word if it exists. The research also relied on the alphabetical
order in presenting the words.

In this research, we have collected and investigated the poetry of a
poet who is obscure under the rubble of the pages of the past, and even
mentioned the details of his life from scarce sources, and only a small amount
of it was mentioned; therefore, we sought to collect and investigate his
poetry; so that it would see the light after the darkness and long abandonment;
in addition to that, our poet grew up in an era rich in knowledge, scholars
and writers, and among those literary productions was his poetry recorded
in the book “Khuraidat al-Qasr” and "Jaridat al-Asr" by Imad al-Din al-Isfahani,
which we aimed to collect and investigate; to convey a glowing image of
the Mamluk era, which received little attention and care, and to be a study
project for researchers and scholars

The title is one of the artistic techniques employed by the poet
Ayham Al-Abbad in drawing his poetic images, and this is due to the
effective impact of this technique in enlightening the poetic text .
Thus, I found (the title) to be one of the important modernizing
steps taken by the modern Arabic poem; it has witnessed remarkable
prevalence in modern poetic experiments; hence, the title has taken
on a dominant construction and a clear presence in the modern
poem .
This study reveals the main and secondary titles that suggest
the content values of the poetry collection .
The value of this research lies in accessing the locations of the
title thresholds and textual keys with an in-depth analytical reading
that explores the depths of Ayham Al-Abbad's creative experience.

This study aims to examine the structural patterns of events
in autobiographical texts, as a modern literary genre that has its
literary status among narrative arts; as it is based in essence on awakening
broad horizons of systematic thinking by linking personal past
experiences with literature, as this art is based on the overlap in its
narrative structure on a group of intertwined relationships between
multiple types of literary arts and their representations at the same
time. The study of the patterns of constructing events in contemporary
Iraqi texts by Iraqi writers who recorded their lives, memories and
personal experiences as (autobiography) comes due to its importance
and its need for examination, treatment and an attempt to shed
more light on this narrative genre; as it has rarely been subjected to
research, discovery and critical examination, in order to identify the
mechanism of the flow of events in it and to reveal the types of
patterns on which Iraqi literature built its biography.
For this reason, this mechanism that reveals these structures
was chosen due to its revealing power about the aesthetic vision
and creative characteristic that the text enjoys.
The research came in axes represented by the types of subjective
systems of the event from which the Iraqi autobiography was formed
and the ability of Iraqi literature to diversify in presenting events.
The research revealed those systems, which are (the sequence system,
the overlap system, the inclusion system, the alternation system, and
the circular system). It was preceded by an introduction that reveals
the basic foundations in constructing the event and its importance
in the autobiographical text.

The religious cultural reference is one of the most important cultural
references because it is closely related to the human being in general and
the writer in particular. The religious cultural reference is also one of the
most important sources from which Arab writers have drawn; as it
represents the intellectual aspect of the Arab-Islamic civilization. The study
of the religious cultural reference is through showing the religious culture
spread within the literary work, through a group of quotations, suggestions
and references, especially with regard to the verses of the Qur’an and the
hadiths of the Prophet or what is related to the places and religious figures
rooted in the culture of the society.
This research will be limited to studying intertextuality with the
Holy Qur’an and intertextuality with Sufism in the poetry of Najman Yassin
because of the clear indications and suggestions spread in many of his
poetry collections that he wrote over more than four decades.
The research dealt with studying the reference and culture in
language and terminology, and their concept in general, and intertextuality,
which is one of the most important terms related to this religious cultural
reference, and then determining its manifestations in the poetic texts, and
clarifying its formation and importance in the texts through analyzing various
poetic models, and in multiple poetry collections issued by the poet.
At the end of the research, we reached many conclusions, the most
important of which is that the intertextuality with the dictionary of the
words of the Qur’an is clear, especially the mention of the beautiful names
of God, in addition to the availability of the Sufi dictionary in his poetic
texts, and in many cases their overlap through the poet’s influence by the
Sufi experience. In addition to that, the phenomenon of rejection was
observed in his poetry.

This research aims to identify the nature of electronic advertising
on social media sites and the extent of the audience's interaction with
it on the one hand, and the services this type of advertising provides to
the consumer and the support it provides for electronic marketing on
the other hand .
The research targeted a random sample of the audience exposed
to electronic advertising on social media sites, where an electronic form
was distributed to (250) individuals as a sample for the research by
publishing and distributing it electronically on three electronic commercial
sites that broadcast their advertisements via social media sites, with
(100) forms on the (Amazon Iraq) page and (75) forms on each of the
(Fallujah Open Market and Erbil Open Market) pages .
The research included three main topics, the first of which represents
the methodological framework of the research, while the second topic
discussed the nature of digital advertising and its types, and the third
topic reviewed the most important results reached by the research by
presenting, analyzing and interpreting the results .
The research problem was represented by the following main
question (What is the nature of electronic advertising on social networking
sites and what is its role in the marketing process?), and the research
objectives were determined by a number of points, the most important
of which were (knowing the motives and goals achieved by electronic
advertising on social networking sites and knowing the extent to which
electronic advertising contributes to changing consumer purchasing
convictions).

The problem was formulated in a major question, which is: What are the news
frameworks that the Iraqi newspaper Al -Sabah adopted in dealing with the issue of the
Green Zone protests 2022, and the associated events?
The research sought to achieve several goals; Including: Explaining the extent
of the interest of Al -Sabah newspaper in dealing with the issue of protests in the Green
Zone 2022, and its related events, and to identify the position of Al -Sabah newspaper
on the issue, as well as introducing the news frameworks that the newspaper had
employed in highlighting the issue of the Green Zone protests 2022 .
This research is one of the descriptive research projects that adopted the survey
approach for an intentional sample of (24) number, for a period of 1/8-30/8/2022, and
resulted in the analysis of (46) news materials, according to the content analysis form,
as a systematic tool .
The research reached several results and conclusions, the most important of
which are:
1. Al -Sabah Al -Sabia newspaper achieved - to some extent - in dealing with
the issue of the Green Zone protests 2022, and its related events; She paid
attention to the issue, and expanding the coverage of the related events that
extend - sometimes - to more than one page, including various opinions within
specific axes, involved in multiple views, and due to various intellectual references
at the two levels (local and international) in the manner that achieves Balance
in the case display, and the associated events.
2. The predominance of the political and legal nature on the foundations
adopted by the Al -Sabah newspaper in conducting the causal evaluation and
interpretations in dealing with the issue of the Green Zone protests 2022, and
the related events, due to the association of protests with the political demands
related to the formation of the government that needed legal support; Due to
its implications for issues assigned to the law and the constitution, including
the dissolution of Parliament, the holding of early elections, and the
amendment of the Parties Law.
3. Al -Sabah newspaper sought to calm down in addressing the issue of
protests and the events related to it, as it highlighted the issue in multiple news
frameworks, foremost of which was the framework of the dialogue that
included calm and calling for dialogue by inviting the division to sit at the same
table, and bringing views, and reaching treatments that end the protests and
form the government, while the conflict framework came second

The research aims to reveal the impact of the role of social
media sites in its three dimensions, the needs dimension, the motives
dimension, and the field dimension, on promoting substandard content
- reel clips as an example. The study followed the descriptive approach,
as the research population was users of social media, especially those
who follow reel clips, and the sample included the study included
252 people, and the research used a questionnaire tool, which was
divided into three axes, the first related to demographic variables,
the second to the dimensions of the role of social networking sites,
and the third to promote substandard content - reel clips. The results
showed that the overall variable of the role of social networking
sites in general had a positive, significant impact on Significance
level (0.05) in the variable of promoting substandard content - reel
clips. As for the dimensions separately, the results showed that the
role of social networking sites has an impact responsible for promoting
substandard content at a rate of 54.1% for the motives dimension,
6.9% for the domains dimension, and 0.8 % due to the dimension of
needs, and this research recommended the necessity of working to
confront degrading content at the individual level by spreading
awareness, and at the state level by enacting appropriate laws while
preserving freedom of expression.

The importance of this research lies in providing scientific facts about the
role of electronic news websites in enhancing women's political participation and
clarifying the challenges that affect this participation. It also contributes to guiding
officials to develop policies and programs that enhance women's empowerment .
This research aims to identify the role of electronic news websites in empowering
Iraqi women to participate politically in light of the rapid digital transformations
and political developments in Iraq .
This research is classified as descriptive research, and the survey method
was used based on the questionnaire tool, as it was designed according to the research
questions and objectives, and contained four axes .
The research community was represented by Iraqi women who use electronic
news websites, and the (intentional) sample was used to reach the research results,
and the sample size reached (100) individuals, and the researchers relied on the
theory of (reliance on the media) as it is the most appropriate theory for conducting
the research .
Among the most prominent results that were reached :
1. The results revealed that (50) of the sample members, at a percentage of
(50%), (always) rely on electronic news websites to obtain political information.
2. The results indicated that (59) of the sample members, with a percentage
of (26.45%), search for (news) when using news websites .
3. The results showed that (18) of the sample members, with a percentage
of (18%), depend on (Alsumaria News website) to obtain political information .
4. The results related to the available means to enhance the role of news
websites in empowering Iraqi women to participate politically showed
that all paragraphs had arithmetic averages for the research sample estimates
with high agreement, which is evidence of the impact of news websites on
Iraqi women and their political empowerment.

The research revolves around identifying the role of television
programs in analyzing issues of social dissolution and combating
crime. Through an applied study, the study tool was a questionnaire
distributed to a random sample of 485 Iraqi citizens. The study
concluded that there is a statistically significant correlation between
television programs and combating crime. The study recommended
paying attention to increasing the quantity and quality of television
programs that address societal issues, while working to raise the
level of citizens’ awareness to confront issues that may affect
society, while working to activate laws that enable combating crime
and eliminating everything related to social dissolution

This study examines the reflection of Iraqi newspapers' treatment
of women's rights violations on social values. The research problem revolves
around answering the following main question:
What are the reflections of journalistic treatment of Iraqi women's
rights violations on the readers of Iraqi newspapers for the researched lecturers
in Iraqi government universities? Thus, the research aims to: Identify the
reflections of journalistic treatment of Iraqi women's rights violations on
the readers of Iraqi newspapers for the researched lecturers in Iraqi
government universities. This study is classified as a descriptive study in
terms of type, and the survey method was adopted. The study reached a
set of results, the most important of which are the following :
1. The interest of the researched lecturers working in Iraqi universities
in the subject of the research constituted a degree of importance in
their reading of Iraqi newspapers amounting to (70%) and at a
(good) level, with a weighted average of (2.1) out of three ranges that
determined the level of their reading of Iraqi newspapers. The (sometimes)
category topped the range classification with a percentage of (80%).
2. The results of the study revealed that the Iraqi (official) newspapers
were the most followed newspapers by the respondents from the
teaching staff working in Iraqi universities, followed by the (independent)
newspapers and then the (partisan) newspapers according to their
relative representation in the sample, as the official newspapers
that deal with the topics of violations of the rights of Iraqi women
constituted the highest percentage, amounting to 58%.

The research dealt with the frameworks and mechanisms of journalistic
treatment of political issues in electronic news newspapers and their reflection on
the Iraqi audience in the Iraqi Al-Sabah newspaper and the Saudi Al-Sharq Al-
Awsat newspaper, and the manner in which this topic was addressed in the two
research newspapers. In light of the importance of this topic, the researcher defined
her research problem with the following main question: "What are the frameworks
of journalistic treatment of political issues in electronic news newspapers
and their reflection on the Iraqi audience".
This research is considered one of the descriptive research projects that
adopted the survey method, which allowed the use of questionnaire and scale
tools to analyze and know the reflection of political issues of electronic newspapers
on the Iraqi audience, through the use of a questionnaire distributed over (400)
simple random samples that included the audience of "Baghdad City" to obtain the
largest possible limitation of the study community. The research reached the most
important results, the degree of following the Iraqi audience of the study sample
for (Al-Sabah Iraqi Newspaper) electronic came in first place and was generally
high with an arithmetic average of (2.3400). While the degree of follow-up of the
study sample of the (Saudi Asharq Al-Awsat) electronic newspaper came in second
place and was generally average with an arithmetic mean of (2.1375), the research
revealed that "electronic news newspapers" topped the list of sources through
which the study sample obtained news with a percentage of (90.25%), in addition
to (the Iraqi Al-Sabah newspaper) achieving first place among the study newspapers
in terms of its degree of credibility, as the general trend of the Iraqi public's
approval of it was high with an arithmetic mean of 2.6775, while (the Saudi Asharq
Al-Awsat newspaper) came in second place among the study newspapers in terms
of its degree of credibility, as the general trend of the Iraqi public's approval of it
was generally high with an arithmetic mean of 2.4700.

There is no doubt that there are many crises and problems that
threaten many countries, especially Third World countries, with cracking
and collapse. One of the most controversial and dangerous crises is
national identity, as it is considered responsible for the common feeling
among the members of one society that they are distinct from other
societies. Iraq is among the main countries that have suffered from this
crisis since the establishment of the modern Iraqi state in 1921 until the
present time, and to varying degrees from one era to another. The secret
of the existence of the rulers who succeeded to rule Iraq became linked
to playing on the chord of this problem. The matter got worse after the
British and American occupations, during which those occupying
countries did not hesitate to stir up problems among the basic components
of Iraqi society, which are basically suffering from latent symptoms and
psychological, social and political accumulations that were detonated
under several names that made the country ready to lose most of the
ties and bonds that were sealing its cohesion and solidarity, and the
fragmentation of its social fabric. Statements and developments have
multiplied regarding the division or unity of Iraq, and it seems that they
are based on an inaccurate distinction between the state and society.
The unity of Iraqis is embodied in the fabric of their social relations, in
the culture of tolerance derived from religion, shared experience, respect
for neighborliness, and feelings of belonging to the land and history. As
for the state, to the extent that it has succeeded in building national
institutions, it has also largely failed in creating a comprehensive national
culture that establishes a solid foundation for a national identity, and
therefore it has always been subject to criticism