Iraqi National Journal Of Chemistry

A simple and sensitive spectroscopic technique was developed to determine the purity of cefixime and its pharmaceutical preparations using the diazotization reaction. The technique relies on the coupling of diazotized cefixime with the reagent resorcinol under basic conditions, resulting in a stable, light-orange dye that is measured spectroscopically at a wavelength of 436nm. The method was in compliance with Beer’s law in the concentration range (0.4-7 μg/ml) and the molar absorptivity value was (1.44637×104 L.mol-1.cm-1), and Sandel’s sensitivity (0.0350 μg/cm2), while the recovery rate was (100.18%) and the relative standard deviation rate was <0.8%, with (0.196 μg/ml) detection limit. The nature of the formed dye was also studied and it was found that the compositional ratio of Diazotized cefixime and Resorcinol was (1:1). The suggested method is excellent and has good applicability to pharmaceutical preparations, as evidenced by the successful application of the technique in the determination of cefixime in pharmaceutical preparations (tablets, capsules), where it was found to be in good agreement with the pure content of pharmaceutical preparations. The standard method used is the standard addition method.

In this study, agricultural waste was minimized by incorporating small amounts of pineapple peel powder into unsaturated polyester resin, allowing an investigation into how this addition influences the resin’s thermal properties. The thermal characteristics were assessed before and after reinforcement by adjusting the pineapple peel powder weight ratios (5%, 10%, 15%). Techniques such as Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Infrared Gas Analysis (IGA) were utilized to examine the resin's properties at various temperatures (25, 55, 85, 125, and 155 °C).
The weight data at 350 °C, denoted as {Wt%}{350}, were found to align closely with the TGA results, suggesting that the unsaturated polyether ester content in the pineapple peel powder contributes to slight heat sensitivity. These findings support TGA data as a reliable indicator of thermal stability.
Furthermore, the initial decomposition temperature (IDT) did not exceed 420 °C across treatments, while the complete decomposition temperature (CDT) ranged from 330 to 720 °C, with an average residual weight at 350 °C of less than 55%. Notably, the IDT and CDT results for polymer composites containing 15% pineapple peel powder showed higher stability compared to lower concentrations.

The digestion and absorption of lactose occur in the small intestine. Lactose is the primary substrate of lactase-phlorizin hydrolase, which is expressed on the brush boundary of intestinal villi, with peak expression occurring in the mid-jejunum. Lactase insufficiency is the most prevalent kind of disaccharidase deficiency. A lactase deficiency, whether primary or secondary, leads to clinical manifestations. The severity of the disease varies among individuals. Lactose is found in dairy, milk products, and the milk of mammals. It is sometimes termed lactose malabsorption. A lactase deficiency, whether primary or secondary, leads to clinical manifestations. The severity of the disease varies among individuals. Lactose is found in dairy, milk products, and the milk of mammals. It is sometimes termed lactose malabsorption.
Lactase insufficiency is the most prevalent kind of disaccharidase deficiency. Enzyme levels reach their peak immediately postnatally and then decline, despite ongoing lactose consumption. In the animal kingdom, nonhuman animals often lose the capacity to digest lactose into its constituent parts upon reaching maturity.
Lactose intolerance manifests as stomach distension and discomfort, diarrhea, nausea, excessive gas, and rumbling abdominal sounds (borborygmi). Numerous individuals begin to eliminate milk from their diet immediately upon receiving a diagnosis or even at the mere suspicion of lactose intolerance. This results in the use of specially formulated goods, including digestive aids, thereby increasing healthcare costs.
The reduction of lactose from dairy products, particularly yogurt, may alleviate the symptoms of lactase enzyme deficiency.