The White Dome Journal

Abstract:
If we delve sufficiently into the research title, we will find an event that has been written about in a number of books and researched in numerous studies and articles. Here, improving what has been written is not affected by the choice of vision and preconceived notions, nor are we targeting the edition. Rather, we will review one of the books, then submit a request for it, clarifying what has been concealed, by referring to the full meaning, to uncover the ambiguity and clarify further as we present past events from a present perspective. This is because Islamic memory must be recorded with everything that is exciting, presenting the present and reviving the future. The Pledge of Allegiance to Al-Saqiya was not a passing event or a mere choice of a caliph after the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), but rather a defining landmark that drew and directed the features of the future of the Arab Islamic state with its authority and power, its completion and difference, with the strength of its contributions and its roses. The strange thing is that whenever you research an event, what you are doing is considered a “sedition”, which is a justification for receiving what happened as the best that has been, and you want to blame the Pledge of Allegiance to “Abu Bakr”, and they rely on a number of narrations that confirm that what came with the consensus and satisfaction of the nation, then it was like that and then many times and it was present at that time? What are its reasons and aspects? Here we will review a number of distinguished historical narratives on the subject of “The Pledge of Saqifah” and other orientalist sources, and we will try to respond to what was stated in the book “The Pledge of Saqifah of Bani Musa’idah in the Books of the Hadith Scholars” by its author Dr. Saad bin Musa Al-Musa, who returned to authentic and important sources, but it seems that he neglected very important aspects that played a role in the course of events.

Abstract:
This research examines the impact of climate change on human life and various activities. The rise and fall of any climate element in a given location affects other climate elements and, in turn, individual movement.
The study relied on an analytical approach, appropriate to the nature of the subject, relying on meteorological monitoring stations to obtain climate data over a period of 30 years.
From the year 1993-2021 for (2) climate stations and their statistical analysis, as the analysis of climate elements (temperature, wind speed, air humidity) showed the presence of variations between the study area, and this is due to the variation of geographical influences from inside and outside the study area, which affects the comfort and activity of the individual in Iraq. To know this effect, the climatic standard of Tergen was used) and to know the concept of comfort and climate change.

Abstract:
The Impact of Legal Responsibility in Combating Intellectual Extremism»
This research investigates the role of legal responsibility in addressingintellectual extremism, a significant challenge for contemporary societie, especially in light of the increasing prevalence of extremist ideologies that jeopardize public order and social harmony. The study seeks to elucidate the function of legal accountability—both criminal and civil—in curbing the expressions of extremism and deterring individuals who engage in or advocate for such ideologies, with a particular focus on the relevant legal frameworks, especially within Iraqi law.
The research offers a thorough analysis of the concept of intellectual extremism, its defining traits, and its root causes. It further explores the legal basis for combating this extremism by reviewing criminal laws that prohibit the incitement and promotion of extremist ideologies, as well as the role of civil liability in addressing damages that arise from such actions.

Abstract:
Muslims› interest in schools began during the era of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), when he made the mosque a place for learning and worship. The emergence of Islam was coupled with the call to education from the very beginning of revelation. The message did not begin with a call to perform rituals in their specific sense, such as prayer, fasting, Hajj, and zakat, nor with a discussion of the pillars of Islam, nor with the system of economic transactions, nor even with an explanation of the pillars of faith. Rather, it all began with the Almighty›s saying: {And if you read, then read, and you are not wronged, then read} (Surat Al-Alaq: 1). In these verses, there is an explicit call to encourage reading and learning, and a sound guidance on the importance of education and its importance in Islam, as revelation began with a call to reading, and mentioned the pen for its importance in knowledge and education. The life of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) is in itself a path for Islamic education and an embodiment of it in the era of revelation. After his death (peace and blessings be upon him), the Companions (may God be pleased with them) took on the task of continuing education throughout their eras. The Companions (may God be pleased with them) understood the significance of the life of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), so they were keen to spread his educational life (peace and blessings be upon him) and to convey all the elements of Islam to the Muslims around him. Education during the era of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and during the Rashidun, Umayyad, and Abbasid eras, was open to all people, not limited to one group or one gender. There were no barriers between the teacher (peace and blessings be upon him) during his era before his death (peace and blessings be upon him), and the learner, who were the Companions (may God be pleased with them), who were his contemporaries and accepted Islam as their religion. We hardly find many differences in education during the era of the Companions or the Rightly-Guided Caliphs and the eras that followed them. There is no difference between all these eras, as the educational process was consistent from the time of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) until the era of the Rightly-Guided Caliphs and the eras that followed them, noting the development and growth of educational patterns in accordance with the development and growth of Islamic society. The reason for this is that the Companions (may God be pleased with them) imbibed the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), represented by learning and then teaching. Thus, they were able to spread the Islamic message and convey it to all the human beings they were able to meet. During the Umayyad era, education maintained the same pattern it had previously advanced, although it did not develop it further. The wars and internal strife with various political and ideological factions, as well as the many invasions and conquests, did not prevent scholars from teaching or students from learning. The Umayyad era witnessed a linguistic and literary renaissance that had an impact on the preservation, codification, and teaching of the language. In the Abbasid era, which is truly considered the golden age of science and education in our Islamic history, academic life flourished greatly, and Islamic society at that time was a meeting place for various sciences and arts. This scientific and educational development and the accumulation of knowledge witnessed during the Abbasid era were driven by the Abbasid caliphs, who exerted tremendous efforts in spreading knowledge and encouraging education

Abstract:
The research demonstrated the most prominent meanings of the fundamental beliefs of the Muslim human being, emphasized by the Qur’anic texts, including monotheism, prophethood, imamate, and resurrection. It also demonstrated the status and credibility of the Qur’an in conveying knowledge and science. It also emphasized the oneness of the Creator, the creation of creation, and the management of its affairs and existence. It also highlighted the distinction of man by his physical and spiritual characteristics and his rule over the world. It also highlighted the importance of the Qur’an. The creature in life, which is faith in God and His Oneness, the Creator, and obedience to Him through worship and submission, and commitment to acts of worship, building the earth, and benevolence in life matters. In addition to the Holy Quran’s use of a group of diverse and multiple educational methods, the Furqan also set specific standards that it used as principles for educational work at the individual level, such as:
The value of honesty, integrity, moderation, etc., and at the collective level, such as brotherhood, fulfilling trusts, and social solidarity, etc. Upon reviewing the Quranic texts, the researcher finds that these principles and values, which the Holy Book uses as standards for educational work, work together to build a well-rounded personality.