Journal of The Iraqi University

The research deals with the topic,, the temporal adverbs in German and Arabic with the help of the corpus of Quran“ to translate the meanings of the Holy Quran. The research study of the subject is a semantic analytical study. The researchers noted some errors in the translation of the temporal adverbs in the translation of the Quran of the German Orientalist Rudy Barrett and the reason for this is the semantic lack of understanding of some temporal adverbs in Arabic, for example the word(covenant) in verse 86 of Sura Taha: ( So Moses returned to his people in a state of anger and sorrow. He said: “O my people! Did your Lord not make a goodly promise to you? Did the time appointed then appear too long for you? Or did you wish that wrath from your Lord should descend upon you, that you broke your promise to me?). The translation of the word (covenant) into German in return was (commitment) which is not correct based on its close equivalent, therefore the following questions were asked:-
1- What are the grammatical and semantic conditions of the temporal terms in both languages?
2- What is the competence of the temporal word in Arabic in determining of what temporal is and what is it’s equivalent in German?
According to the comparative method of the research, the research addressed the temporal adverbs in German and in Arabic from the grammatical and semantic sides in both languages and the statement of their types and the emphasis on the temporal adverbs. So because of too many words of temporal adverbs in both languages, the researchers only addressed the temporal adverbs for the day and night in both languages, citing the corpus of the holy quran of the german orientalist Rudy Barrett. The most important finding sought by the researchers is that the number of temporal adverbs indicating the hours of the day and night in German is lower than in Arabic, which led to a difference between the temporal adverbs between the two languages in the semantics of the word at the level of the translation equivalent. The researchers recommended that the subject in question be given more research because of variety of temporal words and multiple translations.

Introduction
It is decided that Islamic Sharia came to include the people’s worldly and fraternal interests, which makes us say that all Shariah rulings, whether they are commands, prohibitions, or permissible ones, are intended to preserve people’s interests by bringing everything that benefits them or repels everything that is harmful to them, and on this matter Jalal build Islamic jurisprudence.
All legal orders have benefits because they bring worldly benefits to the obedient, and others in the hereafter, while all legal prohibitions are evils that pay those who avoid them harmful in the immediate and long term, and studying the jurisprudential rules leads to what these jurisprudential effects aim at that interests people.
conclusion is that “extrapolating many evidences from the Qur’an and the authentic Sunnah requires us to be certain that the provisions of Islamic Sharia are entrusted with rulings and causes that are due to the general good of society and individuals, and then that the interest consists of two parts that complement one another, and one part does not dispense with the other to bring benefit and ward off harm.”
I found it very important to prepare a paper in which I deal with the lesson of the purposes without the images and their applications on the tap through research, study and investigation; So that it becomes clear to each of us through it the effort of the Hanafi school in this rule and the extent of the scholars’ interest in the fundamentalist rules.

The aim of this research is to introduce and analysis an important concept in modern English poetry, that is of using nature as psychological healer. The research examines this concept in the light of Eco-psychological theory, a modern theory that focuses on the bond between nature and human for mutual well-being. After a brief definitions and introductions of eco-psychology, the research examines these eco-psychological reflections in Mary Oliver’s poetry. The research offers a psychological analysis of the poetess selected poems in the light of the theoretical modality of eco-psychology.