Journal of Almaarif University College

The literature in general and epidemiological literature especially represents the reflection of the health
status of society and the health crises that the world has witnessed since ancient times. Those epidemics
were the engine for many authors and novelists pens in particular. Thus, many novels touched on those
diseases that caused violent shocks in the whole world, which left behind them many tragedies that
remain stuck in the global memory. Since the novel is the most realistic literary art, it took the initiative
to be the most prominent literary art that dealt with these topics and dealt with them, whether they were
stories transmitted from reality or imaginary that predicted the future.

This year 2020 was long and boring because of Corona, and the challenge ahead of us is really
tremendous, and it is one of the great calamities that have befallen humanity, and God tests people and
the country with these ordeals for the sake of testing, and this is the state of the world, so whoever has
the slightest acumen is preparing for that. What is deceived by days, but a weak mind. Sickness is not
what a person desires, but he keeps away from everything that leads to illness. Death is certain, along
with health or disease, inevitably, so the believer is ready to face the epidemic if it descends, and
whoever returns himself to patience will be afraid of crises in addition to taking the necessary
precautions in preventing the epidemic and providing the necessary treatment, and that these crises are
a reason for creating cooperation between people and the trend. Toward social solidarity, and
orientation towards science away from passion in human relations, and taming oneself on quarantine.
With the admission that judgment and destiny are from God, and those who died in Corona died for
this reason, but on their time and their inevitable deadline, they departed from this temporary and
unrepentant life to a permanent life. Lord, to meet him, and to receive from his Lord a look and
pleasure, perhaps sickness will be an expiation, and it is a blessing from God to whom He wills of his
servants to return to him, and that whoever expects death hastens in good deeds. and thank Allah the
god of everything.

The research aims to clarify some common medical terms in terms of linguistic origin, such as disease,
cough, headache, medicine, bandage, digestion, etc. That I deal with these terms with linguistic study,
and it was a beautiful study and stood on the linguistic origin of many common terms. We ask God's
pardon and wellness.

The term pandemic is one of the borrowed terms for the new epidemic, as the Arabs did not use it to
denote the epidemic. It can be considered a novel and borrowed scientific term. It does not apply to the
significance of the epidemic, plague, or outbreaks in Arabic dictionaries and the books that have been
dealt with in the Arab heritage. And because it includes messages, the most important of which is that
the world will change after this pandemic. And because the new epidemic will afflict and invade the
global economy or economy, it was borrowed from the epidemic. In this sense, it corresponds to its
significance in the Arab heritage.

Because of the kinship in Semitic languages of the prominent place in the cultural and social system
of the owners of these languages and the presence of a semi- clear between these vocabulary in most
Semitic languages has in flounced to address some of these vocabulary through this research study
the level of voice and the impact of Arabic in Persian in order to stand causes of the variables
suffered by the ease and clarify their changes and recognize the formal voice harmony and the role
played by these voices in the system communicate.

Due of the Corona pandemic (Covied19), individuals in all societies, including the Iraqi society, were
subjected to great pressures that caused tension and anxiety to confront this pandemic, with many
aspects of life disrupting the person’s normal life.This study aims to identify the effect of applying
yoga exercises during home quarantine and its effect on negative and positive thinking for students of
the Department of Physical Education and Sports Science of Al-Maarif University College, using the
experimental approach.In practical terms, the importance of the study appears in light of the conditions
witnessed by Iraqi society, due to the Corona pandemic and the consequent abolition of all sports,
cultural and scientific activities, disrupting official working hours in universities, schools and all state
departments, and declaring a state of emergency throughout the country, which requires the use of All
means to overcome them, and among those methods, students practice yoga exercises during home
quarantine and take advantage of technological development in communicating with others under
quarantine conditions. The study is reached that the application of yoga exercises during home
quarantine has a clear effect on reducing negative thinking to the research sample and raising their level
of positive thinking.

The first chapter contains the introduction to the research and its importance, which includes physical
exercises, which are necessary for the individual in order to live a healthy life free from diseases,
impairments and epidemics, as well as being a means of pleasure, psychological comfort and
achievement of achievement for its practitioners, and it is one of the most important means that reach
students to the highest levels in achieving performance Kinetic, whether in the sports field or in other
areas of life, which helps them get rid of psychological tension and pressures and enjoy a healthy life
free from mental illnesses and distortions, and here lies the importance of research in identifying the
effect of using physical exercises in reducing psychological tension among students of the Department
of Physical Education and Sports Sciences College University knowledge. As for the research problem,
it is that the contemporary world is witnessing recently the emergence of a major crisis, which is the
Corona virus, which negatively affected students of the Department of Physical Education and Sports
Sciences because of their sitting at home, which led to their exposure to psychological pressure and
tension and fear of not being able to practice sports activity normally and being The researchers are
teachers and have experience in their field of specialization, they have developed a set of physical
exercises that students can practice while they are at home and that affect the reduction of
psychological tension for them and the exploitation of leisure time in addition to it provides them with
energy and energy, relieves them from psychological pressure and gives them beautiful strength and
makes them enjoy a healthy & good state.

That the administrative control function is a necessary job and that the person responsible for this job is
the executive authority in conjunction with some other bodies, and all with the aim of squeezing the
public order with its elements (public security, public health, public housing, morals, morals and public
clearance). This is the desired goal. However, the state may face exceptional circumstances such as
wars and crises, with which the ordinary rules are unable to face these extraordinary circumstances,
which requires expanding the powers of administrative control and liberating them from being subject
to the normal legal rules. So exceptional legitimacy replaces normal legitimacy and administration
decisions issued in exceptional circumstances contrary to the principle of legality give legitimate
decisions despite their illegality in normal circumstances.

In the face of the Corona pandemic, like the countries of the world, Algeria has taken precautionary
and other deterrent measures that keep pace with and accompany the epidemic, aiming to protect the
security and safety of the citizen in the first place. Which was approved by the President of the
Republic, Abdel Majid Tebboune, and aimed at preventing and combating the spread of the Corona
epidemic (Covid 19), as Executive Decree No. 20-69 issued on March 21, 2020, came with measures
and measures that ranged from approving a total quarantine for some states, then Gradually, the state
entered a partial quarantine for all the states of the homeland, with a variation in the hours of
quarantine. And in front of the quarantine procedures, to ensure the safety and security of the citizen
and to preserve public order within society, and in order to respect the quarantine procedures, Algeria
entered into deterrent measures, ranging between Administrative penalties and criminal penalties
imposed on citizens, as well as the adoption of deterrent measures for all violators of the quarantine
procedures, and these penalties were financial fines and imprisonment as a penalty depriving freedom,
as the Algerian legislator amended the Penal Code. Irrigation including articles stipulating criminal
penalties for all quarantine violators and for everyone who stands an obstacle to the application of
quarantine measures and the preservation of public order by the police and gendarmerie agents to
maintain security.

This pandemic Covid-19 or Corona virus is an urgent foreign cause to the whole world, including the
parties to the contractual relationship who had no hand in the occurrence of that pandemic and are not
able and able to avoid their effects, regardless of the efforts they have made in that. Mostly (a foreign
force majeure led to obstructing the implementation of the obligation and making the debtor’s
implementation of his obligation impossible. Through this, the researcher aims to explain the effect of
this adaptation on contracts. The researcher committed to his research in the comparative descriptive
approach in explaining the concept of the pandemic from a linguistic standpoint and its effects on
commitment in general and contractual in particular And the researcher reached to impart the proper
legal adaptation of the pandemic to which most of the countries of the world as well as the French
judiciary go, which is that the pandemic "covid 19" arising from the spread of the Corona virus is a
foreign reason that represents a force majeure that prevents the debtor from carrying out his
commitment and makes its implementation of his commitment impossible.

The lease contract is one of the most common contracts among members of society, and the most
important of which is all, and the reason for that is due to the importance this contract entails for its
parties: For the lessor, the lease provides him with the opportunity to invest his money in a guaranteed
manner that provides him with financial resources without losing the ownership of the leased, and for
the lessee in particular Rent arranges a way to use the money at costs much lower than the price of
buying it, so the rent makes the benefit of the rent within the reach of those who need it and cannot buy
it, such as renting a home or a place of work or anything else that he needs and cannot buy it because
he is unable to pay its price or because of his temporary need for the wages. The social structure of any
society includes two sects, the lessor and the lessee, and these two sects are linked with each other in a
direct legal relationship, which raises some disputes, and perhaps the most important problem facing
both parties to the lease contract is the issue of determining the rent, so if the will of the two parties
plays an important role in the issue of determining the rent, then this The will may stand helpless if
emergency circumstances arise that impede the tenant without fulfilling his obligation to pay the rent
and at the same time push the lessor to ensure that the rent is collected on the basis of which the
contract is obligatory N parties. Because of the spread of the Corona epidemic, which was classified by
the World Health Organization as a global epidemic, and as a result, a state of curfew was declared
throughout Iraq, which led to the failure to enable the tenant to benefit from the wages, and in light of
this the Committee considered Diwaniya No. (55) for the year / 2020 (The period of the Corona virus
crisis is a force majeure for all projects and contracts, starting from 2/20/2020 until the Ministry of
Health announces the end of the Corona epidemic). Based on these circumstances, there are questions
that require a precise legal answer: Will the lease contracts expire by the rule of law if the tenant proves
that paying the rent has become impossible? Is this spillage in the interest of the tenant under these
circumstances? Can the judge interfere in restoring the contractual balance between the two parties?
And does the judge’s intervention contradict the obligation of the contract derived from the principle of
the contract, the Shari'a of the contractors? What are the aspects that the judge must take into account
before weighing the two parties? Therefore, we will try to answer all these questions through this
research.

Corona virus that causes its pandemic as a copied-19 is an emergency circumstance for the whole
world, including the parties to the contractual relationship (the lessor and the lessee) who had no hand
in the occurrence of this pandemic or its effects that afflicted their contractual obligations, making them
exhausting, not impossible to fulfill, and accordingly a legal adjustment must be made. For that
pandemic, and it mostly pleases (an exceptional emergency circumstance that made the tenant’s
implementation of his obligation to pay the fare exhausting. The researcher aims through this to
demonstrate the effect of this conditioning on the lease contract. The two researchers committed to the
comparative descriptive approach in explaining the concept of the pandemic from a linguistic
standpoint and explaining its effects on the commitment in general and contractual in particular and
they reached the appropriate legal adaptation of the pandemic to which most countries of the world go,
as well as the judiciary.

External borrowing is one of the alternatives to help countries, especially developing ones, to overcome
capital scarcity, and in light of the spread of the Corona pandemic that threatens both developed and
developing economies. Most developing countries have turned to external borrowing to deal with the
repercussions of the Coruna epidemic. Egypt, like other countries affected by the Corona pandemic,
therefore this study aimed to study the impact of the Corona pandemic on the expansion of external
borrowing in Egypt, where the researcher focused on the size of external loans before and after the
pandemic. To achieve this object, the researcher relied in his methodology on the descriptive analytical
approach through dealing with information and studies on the subject of the research, with the use of
the quantitative approach in presenting data and analyzing it. The study concluded that the Corona
pandemic had negatively affected government revenues from foreign exchange in Egypt, which led to a
decline in the Egyptian foreign reserve, which leads to expansion in external borrowing and more
foreign loans.

The paper aims to reveal the economic impacts of the Coronavirus on Muslim minorities, using the
Muslim minority in Thailand as a model. The Corona pandemic affected Thailand like its effect on
other countries, but the effect differed in regions from others and in categories from others as well, and
the effect included all fields, but its impact varies in one field for another and the most important of
these areas in which the Corona pandemic affected significantly, clearly and clearly in the field
Economic. The importance of the paper also lies in the fact that it talks about a part of the Islamic
world that may be forgotten or unknown to many people, and that it uses the descriptive analytical
method as a way to study the case, The results were reached, including: The spread of Islam in the
Thailand was early and included all land and sea routes, The Muslim minority in Thailand enjoys
diversity and difference in social, cultural and political characteristics, which enabled it to occupy a
unique position in the demographic component of Thailand in particular, and the map of the Islamic
world in general, The impact of the Corona pandemic on the Muslim minority in Thailand is clear and
clear, and comprehensive in all aspects of life, most notably the economic aspect of the minority. The
impact of the Corona pandemic on the economic side of Muslim minorities in Thailand has varied
greatly, which confirms the importance of taking into consideration by decision-makers. In these
societies this variation and difference when doing the treatment and suggesting solutions. The paper
recommended: To conduct field studies to clarify the effects of the Corona pandemic on the economy
and other aspects of life.

With the expansion of foreign trade and the burning of competition between countries, the value of
currencies began to play an effective and effective role in the global economy, as some countries
resorted to reducing the exchange rates of their currencies against the currencies of other countries in
order to make their exports more competitive, and the manifestations of the conflict between America
and China over the prices of Exchange their currencies, as America accuses China of interfering in
exchange and evaluating the yuan under its real value. While the Chinese view the expansionary and
extremist monetary policies of the Federal Reserve as an act of currency manipulation, some fear that
this conflict will develop into a competitive reduction race that could cause global trade shrinkage and
stagnation, and undermine confidence internationally in the international monetary system, which It
causes a global financial and economic crisis with a profound negative impact on the entire global
economy and the developing economies in particular, which some believe will be the biggest loser of
that conflict. The relationship between Washington and Beijing is currently witnessing a wave of
political and strategic escalation, especially from the American side, and despite this this the escalation
is not new from its predecessors during the past period. But in terms of form, it may be the most severe,
but it will not reach the war. Both countries need each other, whereas as much as there are tensions and
fundamental differences, it is matched by the existence of common interests.

The Corona pandemic (Covid-19) has prompted governments of countries, after the suspension of
studies, to resort to the distance education system, amid questions about the success of this experiment
in light of a number of obstacles they are facing, which led to enhancing the automation of libraries,
launching digital platforms and activating applications It is free for free access through digital
platforms that allow examining educational content remotely in times of crisis to ensure the continuity
of education. In this research paper, we refer to the role of automating libraries with various
applications and functions, and then we review some models to ensure the continuity of learning
through absolute distance education programs After the Covid-19 pandemic, through the launching
platforms and virtual libraries that have undergone huge changes as a result of the rapid developments
in the field of service management technology produced by information technology.

The study aims at investigating the obstacles that encounter the postgraduate students and their
preference to take the exam via digital learning platforms at the colleges of Physical Education at
Mustansiriyah University- Iraq; University of Anbar - Iraq; and University of Duhok- Kurdistan
Rejoin- Iraq. The participants of the study were 30 male and female postgraduate students, the
participants were chosen randomly, each university 10 students. The researchers set open questions to
collect the data of the study. The research tries to answer the following questions: 1- Do you prefer to
learn and interact via Digital Platforms? Why? 2- Do you prefer to take the exam via Digital Platforms?
Why? Descriptive analysis was used to answer the questions of the study. The findings reveal that all
participants do not like to learn via digital platform, but all participants prefer to take exam via digital
platform. The results show that there are different obstacles, the most common are the weakness of the
internet services, instructor is the center of the learning process, absence of interaction, students acquire
quantitative information more than qualitative information, the feeling of nervous due to the slow
broadcast of the lecture, and the lecture is Reading task oriented. The results also revealed that students
prefer to take exam via digital learning platforms due to the facilities that such platforms provide.

The region of Ouargla in the south-east of Algeria has many thermal hot springs that are still largely untapped. The aim of this pilot study is to assess the contribution of balneotherapy in the functional improvement of low back pain patients. Methods: This study concerned non-specific chronic low back pain patients treated at the balneotherapy and rehabilitation center in Ouargla, Algeria. The sample was divided into two groups for comparative purposes: the first one is the intervention group (A) receiving physical therapy combined with balneotherapy, and the second is the control group (B) receiving physical therapy alone. The response was assessed using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) in its Arabic version. The questionnaire was given at the beginning and end of treatment. An improvement in Oswestry is considered clinically relevant if it is above 30 %. The sensitivity to changes is estimated by the standardized response mean and effect size. Results: Ten patients meeting the eligibility criteria were split equally into the two groups. We observed that 60 % (3/5) patients had a clinically relevant improvement in Oswestry in group (A) versus 20 % (1/5) patient in group (B). The effect size for group (A) and group (B) is 1.20 and 0.71, respectively. The standardized response mean is 1.13 for group (A) versus 1.01 for group (B). Conclusion: The results of the present study reiterate that in addition to conventional rehabilitation, balneotherapy can be more effective in the treatment of patients suffering from non-specific chronic low back pain.

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a SARS-CoV-2 virus-caused It is critical for every worker to prepare for COVID-19 now to eliminate the impact of COVID-19 epidemic conditions on companies, staff, consumers and the public. Workers must maintain employee social distance activities and monitor the flow of customers; regular and sufficient hand-washing, facilities and surface sanitation for workers; and maintain stay for sick worker’s home or go home if they feel ill. As well as the organization should put in place the proceeding safety precautions at all places of work such as public Health Laws and Procedures, reducing the meeting and if applicable join meetings by mobiles, cleaning the workplace always with disinfecting fluids and training the workers on wearing the protective equipment's and avoid the closing contact between.

Coronavirus COVID-19 has its effect on all the aspects of life. The research is oriented towards
exploring to what extent COVID-19 affects the presidential language, and whether this effect leads to
the use of indirect speech in the presidents’ speeches about COVID-19 instead of talking directly about
such unprecedented crisis. Three presidents’ speeches are chosen arbitrarily since the effect of COVID19 overcomes all countries equally: President Trump’s Speech on Coronavirus Pandemic on March 11,
2020, speech by M. Emmanuel Macron, President of France, on the COVID-19 coronavirus on 16
March 2020, president Cyril Ramaphosa: South Africa's response to Coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic
on 23 Apr 2020. By adopting Searle’s speech acts (1969), the researcher makes a comparison by the
qualitative and quantitative analysis leaving the readers to decide to what extent COVID-19 has
indelible mark on the presidential language.

According to the famous saying of the medieval physician Paracelsus, "There is no substance without
poison. Only the dose determines the extent of the toxic effect." Here, the effect of monosodium
glutamate (MSG) on human health and the risks to the health of its frequent use in the short term was
addressed and the long term was evaluated according to the studies of several researchers specializing
in this regard. Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is known as one of the most popular food additives that
classified as a flavor enhancer. Parts of the evidence were reviewed from the literature explaining its
effect on immune system cells in addition to metabolic disorders by exposing individuals to obesity and
what is known as metabolic syndrome, as well as reviewing a lot of evidence indicating the effect of
MSG intake on the health of the kidney, liver and other parts of the body through Practical application
to laboratory rats and clinical studies in humans.

E-learning is one way to make more learners more accessible and flexible and to close the divide between different fields or cultures or time management to the satisfaction of students. The purpose of this paper is to review the current literature on the benefits of online learning from the satisfaction of students in applied technology and the form of blended learning used in the learning process in order to build qualifications and enhance learning outcomes. The methodology focuses on explaining the different ways of e-learning methods and how to communicate through common communication models. The results of this paper demonstrate the effects of the 2019-2020 empiric study of e-learning at the University of Al-Maarif. The study further draws on its clear proof of the satisfaction of students with e-learning models.