Journal of Almaarif University College

Morphological thought appeared at Al-Halabi clearly andclearly in its origination of the singular in his book (Omdat al-Hifaz fi Tafseer Ashraf al-Al Fadh), which deals with the vocabulary of this lexical book, noting in his analysis the different morphological formulas mentioned in the words and the connotations that distinguish one use from another, and from the buildings The morphology that he mentioned and detailed in it the buildings of the multitude of multitudes, mentioning the standard ones, and what are memorized and not measured by these multitudes, and here we single out in these pages a group of Al-Halabi’s morphological references to the buildings of the multitude of multitudes and the meanings and connotations given to these formulas in a paper entitled (The form of plurality According to Al –Halabi in the book Omdat Al –Hifadh fi Tafsir Ashraf Al –Alfadh)

The grammatical rule is considered the final model that will be followed construct ameaningful sentence as Arabic used to say. This rule has certain limits that governs the grammatical rule in order not to be confused with another .one of these limits is the condition put by grammarians which is considered an important limit. The condition is also regarded amust to the rule although it is not shared in governing it. Yet, if it is absent, there will not be a grammatical rule. The condition will be very essential if we have similar grammatical rules and it becomes important to put more than one condition to differentiate among these rules for this reasons, the condition is important for the grammarians

It dealt with the issue of following the positions of parsing according to grammarians, and the various grammatical disagreements in that. The first prompt: I dealt with the backup copies, and I took the backup copies in it. As for the fourth topic, it dealt with the subject of the name not negating gender and the opinions and differences between grammarians in it.concluded my study with the most important results of the research and a list of sources and references. Praise be to Allah, the Cherisher and Sustainer of the worlds.Keywords:Following;Positions;Grammarian;Opinion;Linguistic. https://doi.org/10.51345/.v31i2.331.g168

The study aims at showing the phenomenon of begging in Andalusian literature, as a generalphenomenon, it is too broad to be confined to a certain poet or to one age only. The Andalusian poets were not heresies in this phenomenon, but were preceded by a strong movement whose roots were found in the Levant, specifically in the fourth century AH.This phenomenon revealed the material and social foundations of the poor and the disadvantaged class in Andalusian society, and reshaped it. This has led us to use a psychological approach in which we monitor the objectives of Andalusian beggar poets, their methods of begging and their influential methods that they went -repeatedly -more than beggars themselves.

This study seeks to reveal religious intertextuality in the (Diwan Nadhmi Al-Aqdein Fi Mad'hi Sayid Alkaounein) by Ibn Jaber Al-Andalusi. The research aims to analyze the poetic texts that dealt with the religious text, whether it was a generous Quranic text or an honorable prophetic text. The nature of the research required that it be divided into a preamble and two papers followed by a conclusion and then a list of sources and references. In the introduction, I discussed the march of the term intertextuality, then introducing the poet. With regard to the first topic, intertwining with the Noble Qur’an in two forms. The first is quotation and the second is referral symmetry, and in the second topic I dealt with symmetry with the Prophet’s hadith and then mentioned in the conclusion the most important results that I reached through this study

Survival and advancement of nations is attributed to their literatures. This is because literatures enable individuals to transcend the material life and be able to visualize the noble meanings and the world of aesthetics. Indeed, a language is the best level of describing self and others as it does not originate from the ego, but rather from the laws of the universe and existence. Moreover, it is not only a lexicon, but also a combination of words, indications, gestures, spaces, and imagery. It is, hence, possible to realize the significance of poetry as a definition of all the previous elements. Tashteeris a type of poetic art where a poet does not invent a new idea but rather adopts the idea of poetry by another poet. The poet follows the meter and rhyme set by the original poet, and thus is not allowed much space for creating a purpose apart from the original one. Therefore, a poet is confined to the predefined purpose and notion in terms of grammatical, syntactic and semantic aspects. The paper focuses on the study of the art of Tashteerof poet Ali al-Deeb who performed Tashteeron the poet of Abi Firaas (Araaka`Asaiyya al-Dam`). The study aims to introduce the art of Tashteerby addressing its practical aspect. The study also uses the descriptive analytical approach to illustrate the strength points of Mushatir(a poet performing Tashteer) and compare his poet with the original one in terms of serving the concept. The study comprises two parts; Part one is for defining the art of Tashteerin the Arabian poetry. Part two includes the analytical study of the poetry under Tashteer. The study concluded several findings including: al-Deeb clearly comprehended the purposes that Abi Firaas had in his poetry. Thus, he was able to have hold of the main notion of the text both linguistically and semantically. He was even able to penetrate into some of the lines and reveal the thoughts

Contradiction is a method of expression based on the combination and confrontation between words and meanings for rhetorical purposes, and the presentation of ideological ideas and visions. And if the encounter of the ancient linguists was one of the means of the primitive advantages, then we find it in contemporary studies concerned with (about the text), its concept has expanded to include formal means / pronunciation, and semantic means / meaning, and thus it became a technique of text cohesion and cohesion

The researcher tries to shed light on the historical, intellectual and cultural depth between Arabs and Persians, especially in the pre-Islamic era, so l touched on the origins of Arab Bedouin singing, such as “Hidaa, Nasb, Sinaad, and Hazej”, and what are the factors that helped the development of cultural exchange between the two peoples, whether geographic, economic or political, as well as many poems included Arabic and Persian musical instruments. Finally, the female singers had a role in increasing the activity of cultural exchange, whether it was in Makkah and its boards or in Al-Hirah, the center of Al-Manazira kings.

Religious books have Proven that Almighty Allah has made Heaven`s doors, on which angels call out to those who are allowed to enter these gates. The reward for the acts of good deeds and obedience they have done in this world. And the prophet`s Sunnah indicated that the number of these doors are eight. They also have named after the woks of servants. The scholars mentioned the names of these eight chapters, and some of them made them more than the days. This study is concerned to prove the correct number of the gates of paradise depending on the correct evidence. trace these names as reported by the Prophet (may God bless him and grant him peace) from school books. We ask Almighty Allah to keep us away from Hell and enter Heaven with His mercy

The present research contains two sections: First section discusses the author’s life which includes: his name, birth, origin, surname, scholars, learners, writings, death, and scientific status. Second section deals with the edited text that involves the scientists’ interpretations about the rule of drinking coffee, where some of them interpret it on the basis ofits permissible, forbidden, purity, and impurity, then mentioning the author’s preponderant opinion.

The study aimed to identify the impact of inspiring leadership in reducing organizational conflicts among faculty members at the Iraqi University, by highlighting the dimensions of inspiring leadership, namely self-confidence, change management, employee empowerment, and strategic direction. This study relied on the data collected by developing a questionnaire designed for this purpose based on previous studies, distributed to (255) members of the teaching staff in colleges and scientific departments at the Iraqi University. To test the study hypothesis, multiple linear regression used. The most important findings of the study: The presence of a statistically significant effect of the four inspiring leadership dimensions in reducing the causes of organizational conflict, also that one of the most common causes of organizational conflict is the low level of cooperation between faculty members within the university. The study presented some recommendations, the most important of which are: the necessity of developing the dimensions of inspiring leadership by enhancing trust and spirit of cooperation betweenacademic leaders and faculty members because of its direct impact in reducing the causes that lead to the occurrence of the organizational conflict. In addition, reviewing the policies that lead to non-cooperation and harmful and negative competition among them, as it is one of the leading causes of organizational conflict.Keywords:Inspirational Leadership;Organizational Conflict;Change Management;Teaching Staff; Self-Confidence. https://doi.org/10.51345/.v31i2.187.g176

The aim of the research is to clarify the role that the patriarchal leadership plays،represented by(authoritarian leadership،benevolent leadership،and moral leadership) in functional immersion represented by (activity،dedication،and preoccupation) in the presidency of Anbar University ،The research included two main hypotheses and six sub hypotheses،on the light of which the hypothesis study outline was developed،and in order to achieve the goal of the current research،both theoretical and applied،the theoretical framework was formulated to reflect a well-informed explanation of the variables and dimensions of the current research،while the applied aspect was accomplished by relying on the population package (SPSS). Through the data obtained from the distribution of the questionnaire form among the sample respondents،as a random sample consisting of (192) individuals was selected from multiple administrative levels،the research reached a set of conclusions،the most important of which is that the parental leadership at Anbar University has an effective role in engaging the employee in his career.

The research showed that the French Council of State relied in resolving the conflict between the authority and the citizen on the principles of the Declaration of Humanand Citizen Rights as a basis for the principle of legality. He only had them. They are abstract general rules that clarify the basis of the relationship between the citizen and the state, including his rights and duties. The council applied its rules regarding the rulings it issued, whether for the authority or against it. The authority has caved in to that. He also showed that it is impermissible to differentiate between protecting rights in normal and exceptional circumstances. The state is responsible for securing these rights in all circumstances. This is why the board invented the actual employee theory. The basic principles on which the actual employee theory was based have also been studied. The theory is not an exception to the principle of legality, but rather a real application of it. In a state that has taken upon itself to ensure that people enjoy the rights and freedoms stipulated in the constitution. It also clarified that the employee’s organizational relationship with the state requires it to respect his rights stipulated in the law in return for his commitment to his duties that oblige him to apply the law as abstract general rules without bias and deviation. Therefore, it has the right to punish him according to the law. In exchange for hisright to appeal the decision to impose the punishment. The judiciary’s decision to cancel the dismissal or dismissal decision obliges the administration to return it to the same legal position. Unless that results in corruption, then you must return him to a center parallel to the first. Without causing him physical or moral harm. The research also showed that what happened in Iraq was a barbaric invasion that was not based on any justification. It expressly contradicts international legality. It has resulted in the abolition of all legitimate institutions of the state and the handing over of power to organizations that have proven practical reality that they are gangs of thieves whose aim is to destroy the state and to violate all prohibited acts. It issued laws that grant themselves privileges and rights that are inconsistent with the principle of legality. And decisions were issued that contradict the public interest. Therefore, citizens and employees should be granted the right to appeal all laws and decisions issued when real authority is established in Iraq. Return all stolen money and stolen rights

Unquestionably, unemployment is one of the problems of the Iraqi society, which has the most impact on the political and social situation. but under our responsibility we find the urgency of scientific research to find a solution, so we sought a title that might limit even a small thing, from this blatant problem And this way out is by stereotyping the work contract, perhaps it is a model to be followed in labor contracts, where the idea of this research is to find a model for the work contract that includes privileges in the form of exemptions or tenders committed by the state for the benefit of the worker and the employer, which is an incentive and motivation for employers to attract Employment in their projects, in exchange for this privilege, and this contract is a guarantee and safety tool for both parties to the contract, preventing fraud and signing responsibility for the offender. The research problem lies in the extent of the ability of this contract to reduce unemployment through these state-owned concessions, and this needs to clarify the concept of the model work contract, its characteristics, features, and its impact on the labor market. In order to take the right path in our research, we will enter the path of the inductive approach that describes and lists the situation, to achieve accurate monitoring and the correct result. And the importance of the research appears from two sides, the first party (process): it is evident that the typical labor contracts may increase the momentum of the labor market and become a relocation demolition force. The second (scientific) aspect: It is a warning to researchers to increase their scientific output in this field to reduce the momentum of this problem in society, and the legislator should try to find formulas that are the basis of labor contracts and issue legislation in this context. As for the result of the research, they appear in two parts: The first part: the inactivity of the private sector needs an incentive that gives it a greater role, in order to push and revitalize the labor market and thus reduce unemployment, and the incentive is the privileges that are needed, and undoubtedly the employers need to pay accordingly to conclude the standard contract and this reduces unemployment and reduces it to a degree a certain. As for the second part, it is to raise the level of protection of workers and employers to a large extent, by ensuring the standardization of the labor contract.

Investment companies are an appropriate way to revitalize the national economy where investors can rely on them to make sure their money is managed strategically, especially for people who do not have enough time to track and manage their investments throughout the day.While many individuals find that investment companies provide the services they most need Others feel that they can manage their investments with confidence on their own accord, and this remains a decision for every investor in himself in investment companies or what is known as investment funds in an institution, partnership or commercial entity that invests the capital raised from investors, so that investors share profits And the company's losses alike, according to the share of each investor. The main goal of these companies is to maintain, manage, sell, and market securities for the purpose of investment, but they provide several other services to investors such as various trust funds, portfolio management, record keeping, and administrative and tax services where investment companies are subject to different regulatory laws, according to the policy and laws of each country, for example in United States of America These companies are organized in accordance with the Investment Companies Regulation Act of 1940, which requires companies to disclose to investors their financial condition and investment policies since the shares were initially sold, and therefore this law focuses on disclosing to investors information related to the fund and its investment goals 1, but it does not allow The SEC is directly supervising the investment decisions or activities of these companies or judging the benefits of their investment. Companies are also subject to the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Market Act of 1934. As for Iraqi legislation, investment companies were not mentioned except in the Iraqi Companies Law No. (21) of the revised 1997 CE.

The transformations in the business environment and the opening of markets have led to increased interest in financial investments to revive the national economy and with the emergence of international business and multinational companies،accounting work has become more extensive and complex،which requires improving local accounting standards and in line with international requirements،where the research problem is that Iraq is one of the countries It seeks to use accounting that is largely consistent with the international financial reporting standards through its keenness to apply the unified accounting system and accounting rules and that studying financial investments in the light of both international financial reporting standards and Iraqi accounting regulations and knowing and identifying similarities and differences between them can improve the process of increasing Harmony and increased compatibility Where the importance of research lies in improving the unified accounting system and the Iraqi accounting rules through which financial investments are accounted for and shown in financial statements and communicated to users of financial reports in a way that reflects on the enhancement of investment decisions،and with this the aim of the research is to identify financial investments in the light of each of the reporting criteria International and local financial and accounting treatments in addition to conducting a comparative analytical study to find out the similarities and differences between them and proposing the necessary basis and procedures to help increase harmony and consensus،as the two researchers used the theoretical side and the comparative analytical method based on the sources and references as well as the international and local financial reporting standards related to the research topic Also،tables and illustrations were used،many results were reached،the most important of which is a wide gap between international and domestic financial reporting standards in relation to accounting for financial investments. Financial statements،and among the recommendations of the researchers is the necessity to issue a separate accountingrule for financial investments and another rule for investments in real estate،as well as an accounting base for investment in associates and joint ventures in order to classify financial investments according to what came in the international financial reporting standards

The current study was conducted on the city of Ramadi to find out the noise pollution representedby the sounds of generators on the residents of the city and its effect on the air purity in Ramadi city،in other words،this study aims to highlight the role of generators and their impact on increasing the level of noise pollution and air purity disturbance in the study area. Where the method of the analytical approach was followed،based on the analysis of the data obtained by the questionnaire forms of the generators owners as well as the residents of the study area. This research was divided into an introduction،a study on noise pollution and its concept and the second section dealt with the analysis and interpretation of the answers to the questionnaire forms that included (33) questions which were answered by the generators owners and the residentsof Ramadi. Whereas the third section،where the sound and gas measurement device (SVAN955) (Sound Leved Metr) was used. (8) sites of various uses (commercial -residential -industrial -service) were selected and the levels of sounds were determined and compared with the relative determinants. It was clarified through the study that the city of Ramadi includes (453) generators distributing among the neighborhoods. As a result of the study that was conducted in the city of Ramadi،it was found that there are many complaints from residents of the study area which is considered (80%) of the sample size because most of the generators do not contain a silencer. The study also showed that most of the pollutants resulting from the generators are discharged with the sewage network. The study highlighted that the generator sites are located near residential homes and schools and thus have high noise pollution as well as it is considered uncivilized phenomena being not surrounded by fences،isolators or trees. The study also indicated that most of the generators are not designed for this basis (modulated) with many problems and little cost. The study showed the effect of generators on the monthly income of families،as the study showed that the highest average family income is more than (550،000) dinars per month،and the average family spends more than (55) thousand dinars per month،this amount is not including household generators

The incorporation of conceptual metaphor study and assessment in the broader process of critical discourse analysis represents a relatively recent development. At one level,this process can be viewed as an outcome that derives from the broader purpose and scope of critical discourse analysis (CDA). The main objective of this article is to understand how metaphors may unconsciously shape people's perception of the world. It is understood that metaphors may play a prominent role in shaping public perception of important topics especially in politics, journals or media discourses. People are exposed to many more metaphors than they may even realize on a daily basis

This paper intends to shed light on the different forms and functions of the imperative sentences in the novel of Hard Times. This novel is found to fulfill the purpose of the study. One of its most distinctive features is the excessive use of imperative structures. The results show that imperatives are commonly used by the characters of the novel. This study aims to analyze the imperative utterances in the novel and to showtheir forms and functions according to Alexander Model 1997 which is adopted to achieve the purpose of the study. The frequency and percentage of every type of the imperative used in the novel are given in specific tables to show how many times each form is used more than the other which would reveal Dickens’s intention to express advice, suggestion, request, etc. The data collected from the corpus of Hard Times' text. The study limits itself to analyze the imperative structures and shows the functions according to Alexander Model. It is hoped that this study will be valuable for those who study English as a foreign language and those also who are interested in English linguistics