Ahl Al-Bait Jurnal

Abstract
This research is Trying Gives a Suitable Answers for scientific questions which related to modality the Islamic text performance it is function in order to reveal features of Islamic economic doctrine,this what the research looking for to discover in the well-known text (Imam Ali peace be upon him testament to Malik AL- Ashter) through a methodology based on the extraction of theoretical vocabulary from the text through the method of integrated approach between extrapolation and induction. And the research paper reached to description the features of Islamic economic doctrine as it is implied in the text and therefore achieved important addition to the results of scientific research in texts.

Abstract
The researcher investigates "the role of the new media in forming the public opinion of Iraqi crises" (a survey study on the members of the trade unions in Iraq). This subject has not been dealt with extensively especially, its independent variable "the new media". The reason behind that are the rarity of studies which have tackled the connection between this variable and the formation of the public opinion about crises.
The researcher depends upon hypotheses derived from two theories; the "Dependency theory and the Arrangement of Priorities theory" and as follows:
1. The dependency upon the new media increases whenever there are strong crises that have extreme effect upon the people.
2. The second hypothesis: the stimulated awareness by the new media increases about crises whenever the dependency has high level and quality.
It also detects the new media's ability to change people's trends and rearranging their priorities depending upon the new media's variable.
This research is descriptive moreover, the researcher uses a survey approach in collecting, classifying and analyzing the data.
The study has come to the following conclusions:
1. Notable increase in the dependency upon the new media in obtaining information and informing about international and local topics especially, local crises.
2. The study points out that mothers are lesser group of people who uses the new media in times of crises in Iraq.
3. Facebook ranks first followed by YouTube in terms of usage by the members of trade unions.
The study confirms that the people's dependency upon the new media increases with aggravation of crises.

Abstract
Soft power (values, domestic policies, foreign policy), and hard power (military and economic) considered both as the primary sources for the power of the state in international relations. Technological development and the growing challenges of globalization both has pushed at the present time to increase the value of the soft power of the states as they seeks to enhance their own appropriate influence on each other in order to achieve thier targets. Moreover, while the hard power combines the temptation and threats to get the best results, the soft power focus on the attraction force represented by the model in order to get effectively voluntary compliance. Nevertheless, we cannot separating the two forces in order to reach the targets, because the weak soft power makes the lonely hard power more expensive and less effective. In addition, the weakness of the hard power makes the soft power has a limited effect. In contrast, the state who have the both powers, and use it in a good way at the suitable place and time, it will be the country, who win the real power to be able to determine the agenda of others, and control its outcomes.
The Middle East, today, suffering from the other\'s soft power whether they are (states or non-governmental organizations or international organizations), and facing a real risk in reconfigured, this can be seen from events in Iraq and Syria. However, the Middle East countries has soft power elements, but it did not manage it in a good way, and often relied on the hard power alone in managing its international relations, then the results were disastrous for all parties. Therefore, they are in dire need to review their previous strategies to develop new strategies based on effective employing of the soft and hard power in order to achieve their targets. If the hard power represents the amount of the government’s strength, the soft power represents the amount of people strength, the powerful nations are taking their strength from both people and governments, and this is the real overall strength for those who wish to possess the ability to compete for success in contemporary international politics.

Abstract
The present research aims to test the impact of the leadership empowerment behaviors on the attractiveness of organizational ideology, A sample of was selected is lechers private colleges in Karbala governorate, The research was based on tow variables leadership empowerment behaviors (delegation of authority, accountability for results, self-reliance in decision making, The development of skills and training for innovative performance) and the attractiveness of organizational ideology (loyalty, Value Congruence and emotional commitment), The statistical analysis program (Spss v. 21) was used to analyze the practical aspect of research, And the research reached a number of conclusions, including the relationship and impact of the leadership empowerment behaviors in the attractiveness of organizational ideology, And The study recommended the need to develop a set of values, principles and ideas that are compatible with the nature of the societies in which these colleges operate. These values should be included within the vision and mission of the private colleges with the possibility of applying them or reaching them in order to improve them The attraction of ideological colleges.

Abstract
This research sheds light on the phenomenon of a complaint when donating a Akhtal Islamists poets who complained a lot in his Poetry. And the nature of the study may be limited from the front and pave the four sections and a conclusion, singled boot definition poet then define the language of the complaint and idiomatically, and most important motivation, every group on the first section by talking about the complaint to God Almighty.
Then came the second part, which is to ensure that by talking about the complaint to the acclaimed and the review of the poems Akhtal started complaining of Mamdouh about himself, either directly or another.
In what was the third section of the complaint beloved parting, which resorted to Akhtal spinning in the introductions to his poems as a way to express his sadness from the pain of separation between him and Habibath.
The fourth section interested in complaining about the gray Poetry that have often been reluctant to poems Akhtal especially after the offer and the reluctance of women to age him.
Finally came the conclusion of research and the review of the most important of our findings

Abstract
the Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice represent one of the most important teachings own criminal Islamic legislation, which is characterized by prestige and effectiveness Uniquely compared to the teachings and principles of Islamic. From one hand it related to the issue of the Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice, the generality of the citizens regardless of their position or status of social strata, which suggests itself to the Islamic legislation, which aims to everyone's participation, especially what sees from some of Islamic thinkers that most of what had comprised himself the Islamic penal system fits with the nature of the said principle, on the other hand, the same principle of the penal system has been granted are generally unique and excellent feature in all phases of the occurrence criminal act (whether before it happens, MV dissuade him or beyond) in addition to its effect reformist to the extent expected from the society and its members - and the dominance of the said principle on all social relations details and the like at the same time could turn the principle of enjoining good and forbidding wrong to negative factor causing the destructive results if it was not associated interpretation and a clear statement of its borders. theoretical and practical fields accurately.

Abstract
The study dealt with foreign investment in the tourism sector and its areas in the holy province of Karbala which has many tourist attractions(religious, natural, cultural, historical and archaeological) and some facilities and services in the tourism sector, these elements and services represent the most important areas of foreign investment in tourism It is expected that economic, religious, cultural and environmental benefits will be obtained for the benefit of the Karbala society The aim of the research is to encourage foreign investment in Karbala Governorate. The analytical and inductive method, And for the concept and nature of foreign investment, either in the second topic dealt with types of tourist services has been highlighted in the third section on the tourist reality of the province of Karbala and the challenges facing foreign investment, as well as opportunities in which to invest either the conclusions and recommendations were addressed in the fourth section.

Abstract
The concept of industrial clusters is one of the new concepts in the world of economic and industrial development and the economics of the site as well as the regional development, which aims to develop the mechanism of the work of small and medium enterprises and their success and by raising their competitiveness locally and globally. This research aims to discuss the strategy of industrial clusters and their role in developing competitiveness, the first topic dealt with the concept of industrial clusters, their importance and their characteristics, while the second topic focused on the concept of competitiveness and its importance and determinants. The last topic was to examine how to develop the competitiveness of during industrial clusters.

Abstract
The importance of the exchange rate and the consequent economic impact on most productive sectors has been chosen as the title of this study, an attempt to shed light on the exchange rate in Iraq and study the economic developments that took place during the study period and determine the impact of these developments in the exchange system and then reach results To contribute to assessing the appropriateness of this system to the circumstances of Iraq and the nature of its economy. The research found a number of conclusions. The most important of which is that the foreign exchange rate is of great importance by linking the local economy to the global economy because the exchange rate is considered as the reflective woman of the country's business center with the outside world through the relationship between imports and exports. All the variables of the study were stable at the first difference (1)~I, which allowed us to use the JOH model to test Johansen among those variables

Hassan saree led an armed movement against the leaders of the coup of the eighth of February 1963 and they are (Baath) who took power after the overthrow of the leader Abdul Karim Qasim military coup, Hassan was able to control the(camp Rashid) with elite officers of the ranks of the people of Karbala, Which worried the senior members of the Authority and those who came to the camp with a military force and were able to eliminate the coup before expanding

In view of the weakness of the general guarantee and the many risks it poses to the creditors' rights which the debtor owes, the general guarantee is on all the debtor's money and not on the specified money. The debtor may then dispose of the money and remove it from its financial liability. Moreover, the creditors Are equal in the general guarantee, there is no preference for each other and thus participate in the implementation of the debtor's money may be insufficient, which leads to the sharing of the debtor's money divided by the elders and creditors do not get all their rights, so the collateral appeared, including the right of foreclosure that gives the creditor pledge when the right to transfer In the fulfillment of his debt from the debtor's money, by allocating to him certain money to meet his right at the end of his time, without being disputed by anyone on the price of this money (mortgaged money) after he was involved in the debtor's money all the persons who may have the right to the debtor when The general guarantee is the prevailing, but the mortgagee may be subject to encroachment despite the right of advance granted under the mortgage contract, and the result of contention may sometimes result in the creditor losing the right to advance.

This study means to make a monitoring on the(Rebellion Poetry in Sheikh Ahmed AlWalie's Poetry. He was a revolutionary poet. The poetry reflects his National and patriotically sense That influence the citizens' link with themselves. The events or actions which are formed in Iraq and Arab world affected on him,so it was regarded as material raw to form his poetry He tried to provoke the attention of the citizens to strengthening the human feelings,and to diagnosis the defects and corruption inside their society Also, it was a good chance to raises the ability to stand against those who want to forbid on This study is formed or written as a preface and two researches. As far as the preface is concerned,it includes the conception of (Rebellion)'' to be a good entry to the subjects of the research that associated with this concept.

The research dealt with the reflection of inflation on both the return and the risk in the financial market, specifically in the stock market. This variable has been studied for its effect on the market value and not appearing at its actual value, which makes the evaluation process for both return and risk an inaccurate process. Thus exposing investors and their portfolio investments to a high risk. Thus, the reflection of inflation, the amount of the gap or the level of change in the market value has been highlighted to reach the degree of change in the valuation concerned. research has achieved on research in applied his most important conclusions of the following: -
1- That there is a significant difference in the value level of both return and risk between the discounted and undiscounted returns on the basis of the annual inflation rate (US stocks model).
2- The results after the discount is an important change must be taken into account by investors in the portfolio investment inaccurate results under the first variable.
The research also presented the most important recommendations:
1- work to adopt the rate of inflation in the process of deduction of capital returns of shares to show the actual value of these returns as a result of currency loss as part of its purchasing power as a result of inflation significantly.
2- focus on the process of the opponent concerned strongly in light of the economic instability that the risk is greater in light of the fluctuation in economic performance.

The importance of the Central Asian region stems from the importance of the region itself, as it has historically formed a cohesive and close mass that has been the center of the exchange of goods, ideas and people between the two extremes of importance, namely the continents of Asia and Europe, which are the bridge between them. (Historical-geographic political-economic-military) as well as it is the axis and point of the basis of geopolitical and geostrategic theories and the axis of think of strategic scientists And politics, all this was especially focused after the collapse of the former Soviet Union in 1991 and the independence of the Central Asian countries after that and the beginning of filling the vacuum was the United States of America the most prominent of these countries to enter and build strong strategic relations with them and create strategic balances between these countries and the United States of America For the establishment of military bases in most of them, and the strategic direction of the United States and is still towards this region to dominate the Central Asian countries in order to hit the strategic ring on the countries of the region and prevent them from dominating the security through the principle of participation and the US desire to do so.

The Body of State Commissioners In Administrative Judge.
1. The system of state commissioners work to mitigate the burden on the judicial branch, as well as provide wide technical aid.
2. The adoption of the system of state commissioner meet the requirements of the basic reasons that lead to legislate the law of civil courts through acceleration of finishing the cases.
3. The adoption of the system of state commissioners contributed in achieve justice and the principle of legitimacy, so it give the body of state commissioners the right of appeals in the rules contributed in accuracy of rules, since the appeal adopted by technical neutral body.

This study will summarize the study of the concept of the federal state, how to apply this fact in Iraq, when dealing with the federal system, and the factors of failure and success of this system.
To analyze the circumstances that might encourage and maintain this system, and to help the old federal experiences and to take advantage of the positive and negative aspects that accompanied the building of this changing regime.
This study shows great diversity within the general category of federal political systems, The social circumstances identified, the extent of the organizational arrangements and the political processes that have been adapted, and when examining or seeing the differences between them also show that there is no single distinctive sample of federal adaptable everywhere. Where the federations are very different in their circumstances and special courses.
And benefit from all this in the field of Iraqi federalism that is trying to search for the Iraqi federal system and study its compatibility with the Iraqi reality in the economic, social and political aspects and the extent of tradition of other systems that show the many trends that adapt the Iraqi project in drawing the form of the new state, About the Federal Union's interfaces and the mechanism of spreading competencies in it.
All that was included in the plan prepared for this purpose, which appears in the first section, which explains the concept of federalism and history in addition to studying the most important factors that may contribute to the establishment of the Federal Union.
The second topic dealt with the distribution of competencies between the federal government and regions in the federal system.

Our research which come in three chapters focus his light on the origin and evolve of Hologram technicality, and the way, which reached with the Hologram technicality into the TV broadcasting, and what the prominent situations which preceded the appearance of miracles with utilized this technicality before functionalizing in the field of satellite broadcasting. Our research came like bellow:
The first chapter included on : The research methodology which included on research problem, importance of research, research goal, research community, research curriculum, and the past studies.
The second chapter address the origin and evolve of the Hologram technicality, and the prominent of her uses in the whole fields, propaganda, and media especially.
The third chapter of research touched the way of functionalizing this technicality "Hologram" in the whole fields, propaganda, and media especially, and then demonstrates the way which have been leveraged from this technicality in programs which showed in Arabic satellites, then show the results which was reached. The researcher made sure to put recommendations which must working on them to face the negatives of this technicality, and working on leveraging positively from her prominent features in media specifically.

This research aims to study the various components of tourism in Karbala for the purposes of development and protection in the framework of a comprehensive tourism plan which activates this sector to contribute in the social, economic and environmental development of Iraqi with the other sectors in Iraqi county.
The purpose of this research is consistent with the possession of Karbala ingredients of different tourist, natural, humanitarian, attraction may underlie a developed tourist industry, if you used the best methods, that's beside the large and continuous increase in the number of tourists in most parts of the world stemming from the growing desire to participate in the tourism movement and the recreation in modern communities, whether for the of social, economic, cultural, religious,sports, psychological, healthy purposes and so on.

E-press has become very important in the political, social and economic life, they are an important area of electronic culture that play a role in the fields of social and political development and strengthening the foundations of democracy and constructive dialogue in the community.
Since the mid-1990s, the date of birth of the electronic press, which linked directly to information and communication technology revolution as a result of technical development and spread of information very quickly, the electronic media that reflects and transcends the boundaries of the international media landscape becomes more open position because he has been able to contribute to the delivery of voice and opinion to a wide readership, not complexity, thus expanded freedoms Unprecedented press and new media phenomenon proved their ability to overcome geographical boundaries easily, and this is why the researcher to choose theme (CSR news sites), as these sites are wide latitude in presenting topics, to see if these sites under open freedom has a commitment to professional and ethical responsibility and community service through regulatory compliance careersObjects, or it works absolutely indifferent to these standards, the researcher has found three sites sample sourcing Center (of the Iraqi media network, Al-Jazeera, BBC Arbic), room well being sites of scientific interest in subjects that concern the entire world, as well as the fact that the sourcing Center for Iraqi media network location, Al-Jazeera site is Arabic site cares about GA eventsIn the Arab world, and the location of the BBC Arbic, global site and also interested in Arab issues, this research aims to know the extent of the obligation of news websites, electronic social responsibility by knowing how committed professional news values (objectivity, credibility, accuracy, balance, neutrality and transparency) and identify electronic news sites compliance with professional ethics, as well as highlighting the most salient topics focusing on electronic news sites and see the sites of Midyat and meet community needs

ينتج اثاراً هامه فاذا قدم لأول مرة أمام المحكمة سمي بالطلب الأصلي، اما اذا تم تقديمه لاحقاً سمي طلباً طارئاً، وما على القاضي ألا ان يصدر حكماً قضائياً بشأن المنازعة المعروضة عليه حتى لا يعتبر منكراً العدالة.
Abstract
The issue of judicial motions is an important issue within the Civil Procedure Code, since the judicial request is the key to the dispute and is intended to obtain a judgment on the subject matter of the dispute or in part. These requests may be made by the plaintiff or the defendant in certain cases, Considering that every person has the right to have recourse to the courts to obtain his right, through the submission of a request to the competent court.
Legal requests, as well as other terms, are necessary elements, important data and legal conditions that must be available when presented to the judiciary. This request may be submitted either by the litigants or by third parties or against third parties, and it produces significant effects. If presented for the first time in court, If he is submitted to a refugee, he is called an emergency request, and the judge should not issue a judicial ruling on the dispute before him so as not to be considered a denier of justice.

The aim of this publication is to measure teacher's performance according to quality standards to determine strengths and weaknesses in their performance. Measuring teaching performance for teachers during their time of service can be considered very important through determining the skills and the materials they need to help them improve their performance. The problem of this research indicated in general that there is a weakness in teachers performance. In order to carry out this study, a survey was constructed and delivered to (150) primary school head teachers out of a total number of 320 primary school managers in Al-Rusafa Third Education Directorate. The researcher used the statistical program (SPSS) "percentage, the weighted average, Pearson correlation coefficient" for the analysis of data gathered. Results showed that there is a weakness amongst teachers in the use of various evaluation methods, lack of interest and motivation towards learning and lack in the followingof scientific developments in the field of specialty. Some of the main recommendations recommended by the researcher were to get teachers involved in a training workshopsto help them in their professional development, inform teachers of the global models to the quality standards of teacher's performance and develop their skills in the use of modern evaluation methods to achieve the educational goals of the educational process. The researcher also suggested carrying outfield studies to determine the importance of the implementation of quality standards in improving school performance, establishing a training program to develop the skills of teachers according to quality standards.

The aim of this study is to assess the capital risks of the Islamic banks over four years and to show the commitment of all Islamic banks to keep part of their capital in proportion to make the banks able to absorb the risks to which the study has reached a number of conclusions, Banks are exposed to capital risk as they seek to restrict this standard as it is a real complacency of financial centers as well as compliance with the instructions of the monetary authorities that confirm the commitment to the requirements of Basel 2, and the research reached a number of recommendations, the most important Islamic banks should avoid risky investments that would make capital adequacy ratios high to counter losses.

Human security is an arising formula to grasp the global weaknesses that defy supporters of the classical concept of national security by emphasizing that the appropriate \"referent\" for security must have the individual instead of the state. The Human Security is based on \"Human centrality\" where security can be understood in multidisciplinary and contains a several areas of research, including the \"Development Studies\" and \"International Relations\" and \"Strategic Studies\" and \"human rights\". The Human Development Report issued at 1994 by the United Nations Development Program \"UNDP\" still considers its publication as a milestone in the field of security, the report where argued that securing \"freedom from want\" and \"freedom from fear\" for all individuals is the right way to address the problem of insecurity in the world.

The evaluation of the educational process is one of the basic element for Education al process and the foundation stone for making any development in the Education and learning process at any Education alinstitution and specifies the degree of achieving the ohjectines of this process contributes in decisiding the procedures of the operation as well as provides the required information to the decision makers about incomes and outcomes of the education al process.
The present study aims at evaluating the educational process from the point of view of the heads of departments at the colleges of Education to know its quality level and to specify the strong and the weak points to find the resolutions for them.
The measurement of the Educational quality process one of the most important procedures at the academic work because it gives the real{picture of image}performance for the Educational institution and it helps in the improvement of its performance.
The study samples are (16) heads of departments at the colleges of Education of Ibn Rushd Baghdad University and the College of Education / Al-Mustansiriya University, the questioneraire is used as a tool for collecting data of research.
The researcher used the statistical program (SPSS),to count the percentage, weighted mean and Person indicator. From what has been mentioned above, the present study reveals specific and many results, most of them stress upon the existence of weakness in specifying the general skills that qualified to labor market, the instructors don't use the latest techniques in teaching as well as the colleges of education don't depend upon the specialized accreditation commission to get the accreditation for its programs and they don't practice the criteria of an institutional accreditation commission.
On the basis of the findings obtained the study arrives ultimate conclusion that the necessity for practicing the criteria of institutional and program quality and stresses on the existence of representatives from the Ministry of Education at the meeting of colleges councils to specify the requirement that need in addition to use the recent techniques in teaching.

The research is targeted identify the level of social interaction when the kindergarten children, and the difference in the level of social interaction when kindergarten children according to gender, the difference in the level of social interaction when kindergarten children depending on the variable age, The research sample included 120 children from kindergarten in the center of the holy city of Karbala, and to achieve the goals adopted Find researcher scale Al Murad (2004) to measure social interaction for kindergarten children and be the scale of (50) items, Standard features have been calculated for the scale of validity and reliability, honesty only way virtual honesty, as has been verified measure of stability in a way re-testing.

Means the Succession of another person's solutions in the rights and oblegations, and the transfer of rights and oblegations is determined by the benefits of various means and applications of these, which is recommended for him without compensation, it is ownership after death.

The present paper is about modality. Modality is concerned with utterances of a non-factual kind, i.e. concerned with the opinion and attitude of the speaker. In short, modality is a semantic concept. Halliday (1976: 197) views modality as "a form of participation by the speaker in the speech event". Through modality, the speaker associates with the thesis an indication of its status and validity in his own judgment; he intrudes and takes up a position.
The main concern of the paper is to examine the ways used to realized modality and the meaning which it expresses. Modality will be explored in legal texts. The study hypothesized that law makers use modal expressions to voice their goals and purposes, and give their judgments and beliefs. The data used will be the civil law "The profession of Advocate" (1964). The modal to be used for the analysis of the corpus is Haliday m(1976).
The findings which the present paper has come to have revealed that modulation are most frequently used, while modality has not been used at

The invasion of a new totalitarian regime struck the Arab world especially the lands of Iraq and Syria after the great damage the Arab Spring left behind after 2010. Countries in the Arab world were therefore left at their weakest when this anonymous power quickly controlled many Arabic states with great ease. Not too much later, this power made its declaration as a caliphate in 2014, under the name of “The Islamic State in Iraq and Syria,” famously known as (ISIS); a dangerous power, totalitarian in nature, violent in attitude.
Looking at the existence of this state of oppression, it highly resembles the society the British novelist George Orwell depicted in his famous novel 1984. As far as the similarities go, this research is going to depict the means of totalitarianism and analyze the similarities found between both societies of reality and fiction. The purpose is to unfold the idea that George Orwell's novel can be read in terms of being a warning to the restriction of man's freedom if such regimes continue their control.