journal of kufa studies center

This topic examines an important aspect that has had a direct or great impact on the life of mankind is the "dialogue of the prophets" with their people, because the prophets are considered the reliable group that transmits news and laws from heaven to the earth accurately. It considers the methods followed by the Prophet (peace be upon him) in guiding his people and guiding them to the right path that does not crook, taking into account the difference of each prophet from the other prophets in the path he takes in spreading his message, as he appreciates the intellectual level of his people. They are different from other Prophets to whom such books or newspapers were not revealed. Whether the prophecies were from the People of the Book or not, the method is the same in terms of guidance and guidance, because it was issued by a wise and expert who does not change with the change of time or the development of life. Patience was the only way that the prophets taken, so boredom or boredom did not find its way to the heart of the Prophet, and the Messengers and Prophets did everything in order to reach their goals, and they gave the most precious and precious for the sake of the truth, and a number of them were subjected to all kinds of torture, repulsion, ridicule, and murder. They have postponed the creed and do not want to give up what they have got. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) may not succeed, no matter how long his covenant lasts, as happened with the Prophet Noah, even though he continued to call his people for fifty years, and he found nothing from his people except to show off, or to ridicule. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) may succeed as happened with the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), because he was able – with the help of Allaah when a delegation came from Madinah to meet him and agree with him to migrate to them – to convey his message in full within a period of twenty-three years. Humanity has not kept a better group than this category, and it has not known men who have performed their trust and were entrusted with such dedication and sincerity.

By Abu Al-Ala's Ikhwan letters, we mean the letters that he created at different times and on different occasions to correspond to his relatives, friends and the people of the Sultan in his time, and they are artistic texts that reached great importance, because of their distinctive arts that were unique to Abu Al-Ala's style, and they were shown by the textual interaction with the texts of the Arab heritage, and helped him to evoke those texts with a sharp memory and a rich knowledge of many sciences. It was the result of extensive knowledge of the language and its sciences, news, proverbs, religions, and others, and these letters were combined in two books in the form of a single book and a tag entitled (The Letters of Abu Al-Alaa Al-Ma'ari).

The situation of the German minority in Italy was among the worst in Western Europe, as these minorities suffered from the attempts of the Italian national state to integrate them into its national framework by restricting them economically and socially by depriving them of the practice of their customs, traditions and language.
The research included a study of the situation of the German minority in Trieste and Trentino from the political, economic, and social point of view, as well as a study of the Nazi position on these minorities, as the German Nazis neglected to protect the German minority in Italy, and put them in front of a very difficult national choice, either to emigrate to Germany and dispense with their property and money, or to stay in Italy, dispense with their nationality and give up their identity.

The continuous fluctuations in the local currency exchange rates have become the focus of researchers, in addition to the interest of investors as a result of the reflection of these fluctuations on the expected cash flows from investments, and these fluctuations receive the attention of the owners of capital as a result of their impact on the rise or fall of the share prices of companies, which leads to the rise or fall of the value of the entity.
From this point of view, this research came to shed light on the treatment of exchange rates and how exchange rates affect the value of the entity, and whether the impact leads to the entity's reliance on the issuance of new shares in order to obtain financing or search for other sources of financing such as borrowing or the right of ownership.

The study aims to identify the nature of the relationship between sustainable strategic planning and quality assurance of higher education. The main problem of the study was "What is the impact of sustainable strategic planning in enhancing the quality assurance of higher education. The importance of the study increases by highlighting two important variables, namely (sustainable strategic planning, and ensuring the quality of higher education). The study of these variables is one of the urgent necessities to improve the level of academic performance, which in turn is reflected in the sobriety of educational programs and research activities. To achieve the goal of the study, the researchers relied on the questionnaire as the main study tool for data collection, as the target sample that participated in the study was (186) university leaders at the University of Kufa with the degree of (dean, assistant dean, and head of department). The study came to several conclusions, the most important of which was the positive and significant direct impact relationship between sustainable strategic planning and quality assurance of higher education. The researchers believe that the variables of the study, despite its findings, need to intensify research efforts to reduce and bridge the knowledge gap.

The national security of any country in our contemporary world, whether it is developed or developing, has become a central issue at the top of the pyramid of strategic priorities, according to the characteristics of performance in the international system, as the intertwining of interests and the speed of change and influence, push countries, individually or collectively, to make their security the main axis of their internal and external movement, which in turn is affected by a set of factors and variables that affect vital interests related to the causes, existence, protection, and goals of the state.
As for Iraq's national security, it is characterized by excessive sensitivity as it is exposed to a number of rapid changes that do not leave any room for decision-makers in Iraqi politics and those concerned with security affairs to be aware of all these variables and deal with them.

Rivers are the most important water resources used in the fields of agriculture, energy generation, meeting the needs of the population, and others, and the need for river water has raised many disputes between the participating countries, which have been settled, whether through negotiations or through international justice, and in some disputes, countries have severed their diplomatic relations with countries that share the same stream with them, and other countries that are about to use armed force against each other.

Iraq expressed its intention to cooperate seriously with the Financial Institutions Fund and on the necessity and how to implement basic structural reforms to transform Iraq into a market economy, including tax reform, financial sector reform, restructuring of public sector institutions and the political events witnessed by it, the war of Daesh and the ongoing turmoil and conflicts on the one hand, and the economic challenges represented by the increase in unemployment, inflation and budget deficits on the other hand. In addition to the administrative and financial corruption that led to the spread of corruption in Iraq through the general political behavior, this research dealt with the most prominent program of the IMF's international agreements with Iraq as a result of the shift towards market economy and the reforms prepared for this goal as a result of Iraq's sending a letter of intent to the IMF management after 2003 for the purpose of obtaining aid. The objective of this policy is to reschedule those debts that must be initiated with these institutions.

The administrative judiciary is the advisor and component of the administration. The administration consults the administrative judiciary in legal matters in order to perform its work properly. The judiciary also ensures that the administration is cleaned of illegal legal acts through a cancellation lawsuit and compensation to those affected through a compensation lawsuit or an administrative contract, and this contributes to increasing the effectiveness of the administration's performance, and this requires an effective judiciary. After a long wait, the State Council Law No. 71 of 2017 was issued, which established an independent body under the name of the State Council, but this law is in line with the Its importance has been incomplete. If it is content to transfer all the provisions of the State Shura Council Law No. 65 of 1979 and its amendments to the new Council of State, which inherited the State Shura Council, then all the defects of the State Shura Council Law have been transferred to it, which constitute limitations on the effectiveness of the Council of State. Even the important point in the 2017 State Council Law is the establishment of the Council of State, which represents the administrative judiciary as an independent body from the executive branch, but the legislator's wording in this regard was ambiguous, when it stipulated that the Council of State is an independent body without specifying its nature. This opened the door to debate about the nature of the Iraqi Council of State. He added that the study dealt with the limitations that limit the effectiveness of the State Council in improving the work of the administration. The study followed the analytical method in reaching its goals, so the study analyzed constitutional and legal texts, rulings and judicial decisions. The study also used previous studies in order to reach its goals.
The study concluded that the Iraqi Council of State has not received the same patronage from the legislative and executive public authorities as its counterparts in France and Egypt by the public authorities in those countries. Despite the passage of three decades since the establishment of the administrative judiciary in Iraq, and despite the long experience of the Council of State in some of its functions, which dates back to the establishment of the Bureau of Legal Codification in 1933, the Iraqi legislature has done little to increase the effectiveness of the Iraqi Council of State. He is in the process of failing the executive branch that does not provide sufficient financial resources to support the effectiveness of the Council of State. Therefore, to ensure greater effectiveness of the Council of State, the legislative and executive branches must be pressurized and all available legal means must be used to hold them accountable.

Fierce competition has become one of the distinctive features of the contemporary business environment nowadays compared to the past, especially after the transformation of the competition of economic units from the local environment to the international environment, and in order to face and prepare for these surrounding changes, the economic unit should provide products at competitive prices that meet the needs and desires of customers while ensuring the reduction of costs and improving the level of productivity. In order to achieve this, the economic unit must follow a set of strategic plans to ensure its success and survival in this contemporary environment, so the traditional cost-based systems have become incapable of providing information that works to determine costs properly, reduce product costs, improve productivity, and determine the cost of customer service, so the need to adopt several approaches used by the economic unit to achieve its goals, including the approach of accounting for resource consumption. The RCA approach is characterized by providing integrated information on the precise allocation of costs, the optimal use of energy, and its role in reducing costs.

Nostalgia feeds on transition and self-interruption that generates a yearning for continuity, but it is almost impossible to conceive of nostalgia in a world of complete continuity that cannot be achieved, that is, a world without transit, and it is also difficult to imagine this in a world of continuous discontinuity, as the feeling of disconnection must eventually find its existential base as it was of continuity, the relationship between lack of identity and interaction with nostalgia is not ideal. Nostalgia is formed by the successive continuity and interruption of our lives and time.

The legislative authority in Iran represents one of the most important pillars of the authority of the royal court and a fundamental pillar of its pillars since the opening of the first legislative council in 1906 AD during the era of the Qajar dynasty until the end of the rule of the Pahlavi dynasty in 1979 AD. Through it, it passed all laws and legislations and achieved ratification of the legitimacy of the executive branch and its decisions.

The research aims to uncover the phenomenon of repetition in Ibn Abi Aoun's silent answers and to identify its levels and patterns in them, which were represented in the repetition of sound, tools, word, and phrase, and to reveal the extent of these repetitions to the psychological state of the speaker, as well as to know the aesthetic aspects that this repetition creates, and to identify its ability to create new connotations that arouse the attention of the recipient and push him to interact with the text to reach the goal that the researcher aims at. However, these semantics seek to clarify different functions that depend on the issue that the author or writer wants to criticize, hence the research was divided into a theoretical approach and three topics, the first topic dealt with the repetition of sound and tools in silent answers, while the second topic dealt with the repetition of the word in silent answers, and the third topic dealt with the repetition of the phrase in the silent answers.

The history of Muslims is no different from the histories of other nations and kingdoms in the desire of each party to continue to rule by delegitimizing itself and its rule and removing it from its opponents, thus trying to keep them away from the political competition by various means and to eliminate them from the arena by means of various means, the last and most important of which is the military option.

Purpose: This research aims to analyze the nature of the relationship between strategic improvisation and organizational excellence at the University of Kufa.
Design/Methodology: Based on the random sample, (38) questionnaires were distributed to the staff of the University of Kufa, specifically the faculties (Education for Girls, Basic Education, and Mixed Education), and the number of retrieved questionnaires was (35), while the valid questionnaires for statistical analysis were (33) questionnaires and the response rate was (82%).
Theoretical Results: There is a knowledge gap to explain the nature of the relationship between the variables of strategic improvisation and organizational excellence in institutions in general and in the education sector in particular.
Importance of the study: There is a relative scarcity in determining the relationship between the study variables (strategic improvisation, organizational excellence) as this relationship came to address real problems that affect the education sector in general.

Souad Al-Sabah's poetry is characterized by flowing emotion and delicate feeling, and it is characterized by a revolution against the prevailing masculine society, and the demand for justice and equality in the affairs of Arab women. The state of rejection of the power of men and the compassion of women was distributed in many of her collections and poetic works, especially in her poetry collection, which is titled: (In the beginning, she was female). In this research, we tried to study a number of poems in this collection within the theory of linguistic communication through a descriptive-analytical approach. This theory is one of the most important modern linguistic theories, and it is considered a novel Jacobson sees the real view of the text, as he believes that language is based on six elements: the sender and his function is expressive, the sender and his function is comprehensive, the sender (the message) and its function is poetic, the channel and its function is attentional, the context and its function is referential, and the common symbols and their function is beyond language. The research came out with the most important results: that the sender, who is the poet, forms the main axis in this poem, and therefore the functions are almost limited to the expressive function.

The process of recalling heritage names and then employing them differs from one poet to another in terms of creativity, so the creative poet works to take into account the context in the process of recalling the heritage symbol in terms of employing it within the text, which is something that leads to poets differing in their methods in terms of invoking these symbols and employing them in the poetic text, some of them work to employ them partially, completely, or axially, and the research studies the textual spaces in terms of their diversity on the textual space, taking from the Diwan (what I have written). Light on the Cheek of the Virgin) by the poet Sabah Abbas Anuz is a material for procedural application.

Decoration is defined by specialists as one of the human arts that creates pleasures for the human soul in terms of aesthetic and creative emotions, in addition to being a plastic art, like other arts such as painting, sculpture, etc., and it is also known as the art of decorating things with engraving, embroidery, grafting, etc.
The mosque is characterized by maturity in the geometric decorative style and the aesthetic of its implementation on various building materials, as the research contained a prelude to the importance of geometric decorations in the Islamic civilization and the preceding civilizations, and the examples of geometric decorations used in the Haidar Khana Mosque, which were limited to twelve examples whose features did not change due to the maintenance work carried out on the mosque, in addition to the conclusions of the research and a conclusion .

The purpose of the current research is to identify the effect of the YAWADI strategy on the achievement of second-grade intermediate female students in biology and their cognitive representation) and to achieve the research objective, the researcher adopted the experimental design with partial control, as the research sample reached (61) female students, (30) female students for the experimental group and (31) female students for the control group, and the researcher was statistically rewarded between the two groups in the following variables (The chronological age of the female students calculated in months, the grades of the biology subject for the first course, the level of intelligence, the scale of cognitive representation), as for my tool, the researcher prepared a scale for cognitive representation consisting of (40) items, an achievement test consisting of (50) items of the type of multiple choice with four alternatives, and the researcher used the statistical means of the T-test. (T-test) for two independent samples, Chi-square, Pearson correlation coefficient, Spearman's equation, difficulty coefficient, discrimination coefficient, and the equation of the effectiveness of the alternatives, and the results of the research resulted in statistically significant differences between the two research groups and in favor of the experimental group in the achievement test and the scale of cognitive representation towards the subject of biology, and in light of the results of the research, the researcher reached a number of recommendations and suggestions.

The current method of accounting disclosure followed by the Iraqi government, represented by the Ministry of Finance and the government units included in its budget, is not in line with the requirements of the International Government Accounting Standards, so the focus came on the need to formulate a proposed modern model that focuses on the role of accounting disclosure compliant with international standards in the design and production of comparable government financial statements and reports. I believe that it is necessary to adopt the application of this proposed model as it meets the requirements of the user public as much as possible and thus ensures the production of appropriate and reliable government financial statements and reports, and that the Iraqi government establishes a website on the Internet for government disclosure and is available to all users, in which the government undertakes accounting disclosure of its programs and government budget, and prepares, evaluates, presents and discloses the final account with standard and ideal government financial statements and reports.