Journal of Physical Education

The study aimed at identifying youth and sport forums from planning and leadership point of view and their relation with organizational culture. The researchers used the descriptive method on (140) worker in Baghdad youth and sport forums. A scale was designed for measuring planning and leadership in youth and sport forums as well as designing a scale for measuring organizational culture. After the application of the main experiment, the results showed thatboth youth and sport forum administration scale and organizational culture scale are appropriate to the study community. Finally the researchers recommended using these scales by workers in youth and sport forums and involving administration mangers in periodical training courses and keeping them updated with all modern administrative styles and organizational cultures

This study aimed to identify the effectiveness of teaching the athletics program for young children (Kids Athletics) in the content of school PE curricula for grades (1-4) in the Sultanate of Oman from the point of view of PE teachers.To achieve the objectives of the study, the researchers used the descriptive approach by applying a questionnaire to measure the effectiveness of teaching the athletics program for young children on a sample of (378) male and female teachers for grades (1-4) in different educational governorates.The study found that the degree of effectiveness of teaching the athletics program for young children (Kids Athletics) from the teachers’ point of view is very large, reaching (4.30), and that the degree of teachers’ awareness of the program is very large, reaching (4.20), and the responses of the sample members about the availability of program implementation requirements reached (3.81), and there were no statistical differences at the level of significance (α = 0.05) between the arithmetic averages of teachers' responses to the effectiveness of teaching the program and teachers' awareness about the program according to academic qualifications and years of experience for teachers due to the variables of academic qualifications and years of experience for teachers.In light of the results of the study, the researchers recommend the importance of including the athletics program for youngsters (Kids Athletics) in the curricula of the fifth and sixth grades of the school PE subject due to its importance and contribution to achieving the objectives of the subject and developing motor abilities, and the need to continue in the qualifying and training programs to develop the capabilities of PE teachers in teaching the program, and to ensure that schools are equipped with the necessary equipment to teach the suggested program, and provide the requirements for its implementation within the academic units of the curriculum

The importance of the study lies in specifying standard scores and levels for some physical variables based on special standardized scientific tests that help specialists and coaches select the best youth players in physical performance. The study aimed at identifying some physical variables for selecting youth soccer players as well as setting tests and standard scores and levels. The researchers used the descriptive method on (340) first class youth players who represent (17) clubs. The researcher specified the physical variables and special tests for them then applied the tests to collect the data and come up with the conclusion and recommendations

The importance of the research lies in self –administration being a modern topic in sport administration in general and in Iraqi central sport federation’s administration in particular. Self -administration positively affect high self –esteem in members of the administrative board in Iraqi central sport federations. It also contributesin future vision and strategy planning for each federation to achieve winning in competitions.

The study aimed at identifying the effect of some special skill exercises on some bio-kinematical variables and the accuracy of low and high jump setting in volleyball. The subjects were (29) youth setters from Baghdad clubs only (5) setters were selected from Al Senaa, Al Shorta, Al Huria, Al Selaik, and the specialized schools for gifted in Baghdad. The researchers used the experimental method and the main experiment included taping the subject with (240 pix/se) camera to extract bio-kinematical variables. The special skill exercises were applied for two months followed by posttests. The data was analyzed using (Kinovea) then statistically using SPSS. The results showed significance in favor of posttests. Finally the recommended the necessity of using special skill exercises due to their great effect on setting kinematics that develops the motor pathways of setting

The research aimed at constructing emotional balance scale for Iraqi futsal clubs as well as identifying the level of emotional balance scale for Iraqi female futsal players. It also aimed at identifying the psychological and obstacles that female futsal player’s face in training and during competition. The researchers used the descriptive method on (300) female futsal players who represent (20) clubs distributed as pilot study, main experiment, construction and applications subjects. The scale consisted of (26) item to come up with the rests. The data was collected and treated using SPSS to conclude that the results showed significance between emotional balance and mental, social, motor, psychological stability, and courage in facing the future.

The research aimed at identifying the values of ball launch and ring entrance angle and relations among them as well as identifying the contribution of ball launch and angle variables in 3 point jump in basketball. The researchers hypothesized statistical relation between ball launch and entrance angle. They used the descriptive method on (10) basketball players best known for their 3 point jump shot. Each player is given (10) attempts and only attempts with larger entrance angle in recorded. The results showed that the height of ball launch players an integral role in decreasing entrance angle as well as ball launch angle did not correlate with entrance angle. Finally ball launch variables have no effect nor contribution on ball entrance angle.

The research aimed at identifying the results of strategic analyses for evaluating sport activities as well as identifying the differences between scientific and humanity colleges and their role in sport activities. The subjects were (54) faculty members in students activity/ sport activities in (17) colleges affiliated to the university of Baghdad. The results showed lack of interest in sport activities as well as administrative obstacles that hinder students’ participation in sport events. Finally the researcher recommended the necessity of encouraging students to participate in sport activities and increasing the university’s financial support.

The study aimed at designing a questionnaire for evaluating e-learning reality in fencing class as well as identifying the evaluation of e learning from the students’ point of view. The researcher used the descriptive method on (170) students who attend electronic fencing classes from third year college of physical education and sport sciences students. The subjects were divided into three groups and the researcher designed a questionnaireusing google drive after applying it in a pilot study on (5) students. The data was collected and treated using SPSS to conclude that e classes support academic knowledge in fencing class from the students’ point of view but it decreases the students’ active participation in class. Fencing class requires continuous correction from teacher a matter that negatively affected learning as well as fencing class requires a teaching program that suits the equipment used in practical lesson a matter that cannot be provided outside of sport halls. The researcher recommended developing fencing class with suitable electronic programs for fencing to increase the students’ role. He finally recommended providing material appropriate to electronic learning that can be usedduring emergencies such as Covid -19.

The research aimed at identifying the effect of electronic learning on short serve and
forehand shot learning in badminton players U15. The researchers used electronic learning
using pictures and videos distributed on (24) teaching units with (4) sessions per week. They
used the experimental method on (16) badminton players under 15. Skill tests were applied on
the subjects and each test included (12) attempts and only the best (10) were recorded and (5)
marks were awarded for each attempt making a total of (50) marks. The data was collected
and treated using proper statistical operations to conclude significant differences between pre
and posttests in learning some fundamental skills in badminton for players U15 in favor of
posttests.

The study aimed at designing compound exercises using added weight on some skill abilities in youth soccer players aged (17 –19) years old. The researcher sued the experimental method on (30) players aged (17 –19) years old from Al Zawraa Sport Club. The subjects were divided into three groups and the training program was applied for (8) weeks with (3) training sessions per week. The data was collected and treated using proper statistical operations to conclude that compound exercises with weights between improved the subjects compared to thegroups that did not used the added weights. Finally the researchers recommended the necessity of using compound exercises using added weights during training sessions for youth soccer players.

The research aimed at identifying the medical services present to the students of physical education and sport sciences / university of Baghdad. The researchers hypothesized significant statistical differences in medical services evaluation. They used thedescriptive method on (274) forth year College of physical education and sport sciences college students, university of Baghdad for the academic year 2021 –2022. Only (150) students’ questionnaire was used in this researcher. The questionnaire included eight axis; each axe consisted of five questions (safety and first aids, medical examination and periodical comprehensive medical test, injury treatment, healthy environment, contagious diseases control, sport nutrition, personal health, psychological care). The research came up with many conclusion and recommendations

The research aimed at identifying the relationship between academic achievement using
blended learning (online and face to face) and performing serving in players from Babel
national center for gifted in volleyball aged U15. The researchers used the descriptive method
on (7) players for the season 2020 – 2021. The data was collected and treated using proper
statistical operations to conclude a significant correlation relationship between academic
achievement results and serving performance accuracy. Finally the researcher recommended
the necessity of using blended teaching because it saves time in repeating instruction. Blended
learning is also important for all age groups and in addition to that the researcher
recommended making similar researches in other sports

The researcher aimed at constructing cognitive style (divergent -convergent) for first class soccer clubs as well as identifying the relationship between these cognitive styles and some fundamental compound soccer skills. The problem of the research lies in the lack of scale for measuring cognitive style (divergent –convergent) for soccer players as well as the absence of previous studies that tackled this style of thinking directly and its relationship with fundamental soccer skills. The researchers used the descriptive method on (150) soccer players from all clubs distributed as follows; (12) pilot study subjects, (78) construction subjects and (60) application subjects. The questionnaire included (30) item. The data was collected and treated to conclude that there is a significant correlation between convergent thinking and compound fundamental skills.

The research aimed at designing exercises and identifying the effect of varied training style on aerobic endurance development and men’s half marathon achievement. The researchers used the experimental method on (5) athletes whom participated in championships for athletics’ clubs and Iraqi institutions for the year 2019. The researchers specified (10Km) and (21Km) tests, a pilot study was conducted, and thenthe training program was applied for four months with four training sessions per week. The data was collected and treated using proper statistical operations to conclude that aerobic endurance developed using varied training as well as achievement. Finally, the researchers recommended using modern training methods and styles that suits the sport in order to reach the optimal goal as well as making similar studies using varied training on other individual and team sports for both genders for different age groups. In addition to that, the researchers recommended using varied training on other physical abilities.

The research aimed at identifying the relationship between learning motivation according to cognitive style (meditation –impulsiveness) on skill performance in artistic gymnastics for men. The subjects were (240) second year college of physical education and sport sciences college students for the academic year (2020 -2021). Twenty students were selected for the pilot study, (90) students were divided into two groups (50) meditation and (40) impulsiveness a questionnaire was applied followed by artistic performance tests on three apparatuses; floor, vault and rings. The results showed significant correlation between learning motivation and learning artistic skill sin men’s gymnastics for the impulsiveness group. In addition to that, the results showed significant correlation between learning motivation and learning artistic skill sin men’s gymnastics for the meditation group as well as no significant was found on the rings.

The researcher, through his work as a coach in some Iraqi weightlifting clubs, noticed hesitation in time administration during training sessions of clubs and league. He noticed that so much time is spend on details not related to the training program thus, he aimed at identifying the variables of the research through designing data registration form that include all these variables (delays like wearing Band-Aids, drinking water, starting time after coach’s whistle, exercises timing and, moving from one exercise to the other). A comparison was made between two different training administrations after the first beginning procedures, after it, and during two different times. The results showed significant differences between the two administrations in time investment in favor of the training procedure