Tikrit Journal of Pure Science

Helicobacter pylori is one of the most widespread bacteria in human communities worldwide and is primarily associated with gastrointestinal diseases such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers or even gastric cancer because it contains a number of virulence factors. The purpose of this study was to find 16S rRNA in stomach biopsies from patients with gastritis in Mosul and uncover some of the virulence genes of H. pylori. The study was carried out in hospitals in Mosul, Iraq, from June 2023 to April 2024. Fifty samples were collected from 50 individuals, ages 14 to 85. During endoscopy, the gastroenterologist, a specialist physician, collected gastric biopsy samples from the corpus stomach. PCR was performed on the gastric biopsies. Fifty gastritis-afflicted samples are included in this investigation. The highest frequency was found in patients aged 26–40 and 41–60, while the lowest frequency was found in patients aged 61–85. PCR was used to find H. Pylori. The study discovered that 50 (100%) of the gastrointestinal patients had positive 16SrRNA results. Furthermore, this study discovered that 44 (88%) of the cagA gene was negative and 6 (12%) positive. The high frequency of these factors in gastritis patients' biopsies is concerning and necessitates ongoing monitoring, considering the significant role that the studied virulence factors play in the pathophysiology of H. pylori.

This study evaluated the efficacy of betamethasone zinc oxide (BZO), a topical compound containing zinc oxide and betamethasone G (a combination of Betamethasone 0.1% +gentamicin sulphate 0.1%, It is an antibiotic). Four formulations with varying concentrations of zinc oxide (6.25, 12.5, 18.75 and 25 gm) with 15 gm of Betamethasone G (w/w) were applied to laboratory-induced wounds in mice for 30 days to evaluate their therapeutic effects. The aim of this work was to mix compounds to find a suitable and effective formula and obtaining a compound with lower cost and study the effect of adding zinc oxide on the compound. The results showed that BG-Z significantly improved wound healing, with zinc oxide formulation (Sample 4) showing the highest therapeutic efficacy. Comparative clinical trials revealed that wounds treated with BG-Z healed faster, showed less inflammation, and had lower infection rates compared to those treated with betamethasone G alone. Physical stability testing confirmed the integrity of the formulation, with no change in color, texture, or activity at different temperatures. These results highlight betamethasone G zinc as a cost-effective and highly effective treatment for dermatological diseases, as it improves wound healing and enhances its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. This study provides a promising basis for the development of advanced topical treatments for wound management and the treatment of dermatological diseases.

This paper examined a total of 103 samples that were collected from various land usage in the Erbil area, Northern Iraq. These samples were sieved with 850 µm and analyzed by ICP-MS for the spread of 26 trace elements including some major elements such as Al, Ca, Mg and Fe. The research sought to determine the breadth of human pollution and anthropogenic input in the area, where a variety of industrial and economic operations, transit, and natural temperature variables may all add to pollution. Statistical tactics like mean, median, standard deviation, skewness, kurtosis, and multidimensional statistical approaches were utilized to analyze the analysis data. To determine trace element amounts at unmeasured sites, the inverse distance weighted (IDW) extrapolation technique was used. The levels of Ag, Be, Cu, Mo, Ni, Sb and Zn in the studied soil samples were found to be greater than the acceptable boundaries established by the Iraqi Ministry of Environment. For evaluating the scope of human pollution, the enrichment factor (EF) and geoaccumulation index (Igeo) were computed. The findings revealed that the enrichment factor (EF) values for trace elements in topsoil samples were mostly greater than 2, indicating moderate to exceptionally high enrichment, with Be, Ca, Cd, Cu, Mo and Zn having the greatest enrichment factor values in the study. According to the Igeo categorization, some trace elements, like Cu, Mo, Sb, and Zn, were mildly to highly polluted. The influence of different land uses on studied elements were investigated through the Kruskal–Wallis H test. This research emphasizes the importance of efficient industrial area manufacturing, transit administration and landfill management for reducing the negative impacts on the ecosystem and human health in the Erbil area. The study also aimed at the contamination stratus of the analyzed elements.

This study investigated the effect of varying the geometric configuration of the iron shroud on the magnetic and optical properties of a magnetic lens. The study compared three novel designs of monopole symmetric object magnetic lenses, differing only in the geometry of the iron shroud. The axial magnetic flux density distribution was calculated using Electron Optical Design program. The results indicated that maximum magnetic flux density increases with a decrease in the air gap width, accompanied by a reduction in half-width value. It was found that one of the proposed designs provides an optimal distribution of magnetic flux lines, with no leakage of magnetic field lines outside the pole region. The optical focal properties of lenses were studied using a program based on Finite Element Method to calculate magnetic field distribution, while the optical properties of electromagnetic lenses were analyzed using Optical Properties Program for Electron Magnetic Lenses. The findings revealed that one of the proposed lenses offers the best magnetic and optical properties. A novel and unprecedented magnetic lens design was invented for the first time. The proposed design is distinguished globally by the protrusion of the pole tip into lens structure, Referred to as the Snub Lens.

The objective of the study is to create a composite material using powder metallurgy that is based on aluminum and reinforced with silicone oxide (SiO2) particles, with a constant volume fraction of (7 wt.%) and variable volume fractions of graphite (Gr) particles equal to (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 wt.%). It was investigated how introducing graphite particles affected a few physical characteristics, including porosity, water absorption capacity, and apparent and volumetric density. Samples measuring (11 mm) in diameter and (5 mm) in height were obtained by cold pressing the mixture at a pressure of (5 tons) after it had been blended for (10 min) with a mechanical mixer. After that, sintering was carried out for two hours at (600 °C). A few physical characteristics were then examined, including water absorption, porosity, and apparent and volumetric density. The results demonstrated a direct correlation between apparent and volumetric density, which decreases as the graphite volume fraction increases, and total and apparent porosity, which rises as the graphite level increases, increasing the composite's capacity to absorb water.

Google Scholar plays an essential position in evaluating researchers' activities and influencing the scientific status of universities. This look at focuses on Iraqi universities, where improving studies output is essential for fostering medical competition and improving worldwide ratings. We advanced a framework to display and analyze bibliometric information from Google Scholar profiles of Iraqi university faculty, using advanced internet scraping strategies to gather complete statistics. Our framework additionally identifies false articles and citations by staring at creator behavior over an exact period, supplemented by way of administrative evaluations for inconsistencies. Addressing gaps in cutting-edge bibliometric analyses, our studies present treasured insights to decorate the medical recognition of Iraqi universities and sell an aggressive academic environment. This study now not only contributes to knowledge studies efficiency and its impact on university ratings but also offers sensible suggestions for improving instructional requirements and visibility. Despite the essential position of Google Scholar, there's a lack of comprehensive frameworks to efficiently screen and examine bibliometric data, in Iraqi universities. Enhancing research output and identifying false articles and citations are essential to provide accurate tests of studies efficiency and educational requirements, in the end benefiting the medical popularity of Iraqi universities.

Domain Name System (DNS) serves as a vital Internet component, which converts friendly domain names into their corresponding computer language IP addresses. Network service availability suffers from several cyber threats in DNS systems because Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, spoofing, and cache poisoning expose data to unauthorized access and reduce service availability. The research examines virtualization technology, which serves as a DNS security enhancement solution to increase system resilience capacity. This work implements DNS security enhancements through virtualization elements that include threat isolation with service segmentation as well as automated recovery services with dynamic resource allocation to protect DNS systems against vulnerabilities. The framework demonstrated improvements through real-world deployment with case studies and simulations because it provided 98% improved service accessibility during DDoS attacks and decreased disaster recovery time by 60% at the same time as decreasing operational costs by 30%. The study displays extensive proof demonstrating that virtualization functions as a fundamental delivery method for fault tolerance as well as enables superior protection against preventing complex security threats and scalability features. The research findings demonstrate that DNS component protection together with fast disaster recovery capability receives vital security features from virtualization implementation. Security-conscious organizations plagued by evolving threats should adopt virtualization-based DNS service maintenance because it offers scalable and price-efficient delivery capabilities. Virtualization in DNS demonstrates itself as a strategic forward-thinking approach to create sustainable yet flexible protected online structures.

Text classification on social media platforms such as Twitter has become increasingly crucial. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have demonstrated their effectiveness across a range of natural language processing tasks, including text classification. The primary goal of this article is to create a reliable and precise text classification model for Twitter by employing CNNs. The CNN architecture is tailored for the text classification task through the application of one-dimensional convolutions on the word embedding. In this article utilize multiple convolutional layers with diverse kernel sizes to capture various levels of contextual information within the input text. Max-pooling layers are employed to extract the most pertinent features from the convolved results. To assess the performance of the text classification model based on CNNs, this study carry out experiments using a diverse dataset of Twitter messages. The dataset is annotated with various categories such as sentiment (positive, negative). Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed CNN model achieves competitive performance compared to state-of-the-art methods for text classification on Twitter. then compared the proposed model with some ML methods like Logistic Regression (LR), Naive Bayes (NB), Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD), and k-nearest neighbours (KNN) and got the following accuracy: 98%, 97%, 89%, 83%, and 94%.

The primary goal of this work is to introduce dynamic graphs. Specifically, it will demonstrate that the matrix is the basic matrix of interconnections (adjacency). It functions to explain a particular graph D's nominal structure based on the presumption that graph D's lines' functional dependence that is, the matrix E's elements (edges) are arranged so, that equation. It can be obtained by two scalar equations and described the evolution of the dynamic matrix E over time.
To transform nonlinear differential equations derived from delay differential equations (DDEs) to linear differential equations, the purpose of using a dynamical graph. With this method, we applied on the biological problem of Lotaka-Volterra delay to studying stability by the backstepping method to delay differential equation (DDE) system to investigate stability on the impact of unsure interconnections between subsystems and solve it.

This study deals with the faulting in Southeastern plunge of Kosrat Anticline that located within the High Folded Zone of the Iraqi Western Zagros Fold-Thrust Belt. The research focused on the normal faults facing each other’s within the southeastern part of Kosrat Anticline. The field data included attitude’s fault planes with their striations (slickenlines). The results showed that Kosrat Anticline is a part of shear zone for dextral (N-S trending) strike slip fault, where this zone related the presence of anticlines (Kosrat, Qara Sard and Sara) as folds related thrust facing each other’s. By comparison between the results of this study with the previous studies, it can be said that the growth of the NE-SW normal faults facing each other’s started from north in synchronous with the starting for the dextral movement of Little Zab Fault and established to presence of Dokan Depression as well as the obstruction for the growth of Kosrat Anticline if compared with Sara (Surdash) Anticline.