Journal of Physical Education

The research aimed at designing special training using treadmill adding center of gravity resistance to identify the effect of biomechanical variables for 100m running performance level. The researchers' hypothesized differences between pre and posttests in some motor biomechanical variables of 100m running phases. The researchers used the experimental method on subjects from the national center for gifted. Strength and muscular ability was measured mechanically using dynavolt for phases of running as wellas measuring number and strides using videotaping. The training program was applied for ten weeks with three training sessions per week. The researchers concluded that using training aids develop strength and motor fluency

The objective of the research was to design and test a device to measure the weight distribution of the body and the body indicators resulting from this variation. The researchers have designed the device using a set of digital scales and a range of horizontal and vertical axes through which to calculate and measure the weight of each person The results and the resulting differences in some measurements of physical indicators in the belief of researchers that this discrepancy can lead to damage and health problems and structural of the person, especially the mother's spine and lower back and lower limbs.Results showed that there was a significant difference in the values of weight distribution, knee height, hip height, and shoulder height between the rightand left sides of the body, indicating the effectiveness of the device and the possibility of benefiting from it in the early detection of the lack of physical imbalance, which contributes to avoid injuries caused by Physical imbalance and avoid accompanying pain

The study aimed at designing and preparing audio and visual lectures of squat and straddle vault skill performance in men’s artistic gymnastics vault as well as identifying the effect of using flip classroom in performing in men’s artistic gymnastics. The researchers used the experimental method. The subjects were (20) with one experimental group. The researcher conducted a main experiment using flip classroom with two teaching sessions per week for three months. The results of the study showed significant effect in pre and posttests in favor of using flip classroom in favor of the posttests

The research aimed at modifying unhealthy lifestyle with healthy style in individuals with type 2 diabetes through applying physical –counseling program. In addition to that it aimed at identifying the effect of physiological indicators like blood pressure level and body mass index. The researchers used the experimental method on (10) male diabetic individuals. The program was applied for 12 weeks with 36 training sessions three sessions per week. The results showed significant statistical differences between pre and posttests. The researchers concluded that physical –counseling program have positive effect on lowering blood pressure. Finally they recommended modifying life style to lower blood pressure and body mass index

The success of Championships depend on the proficiency of the personal the organizeand administrate these championships. The aim of the research is to identify the reality of performance proficiency and commitment of referees in the central federation for athletics. The researchers applied the performance proficiency scale and the descriptive method on (40) referees. The data was collected and treated using SPSS to conclude that referees of Iraqi central federation for athletics have high level of performance proficiency and organizational commitment ability. Finally the researchers recommended using the scale for measuring referees of Iraqi central federation for athletics

Weightlifting for individuals with special needs require strength and determination through consistent and hard heavy weight training during which the lifter can experience neuromuscular cram in shoulder joint and muscle making them prone for injuries. The importance of the research lies in using neuromuscular facilitating exercises for sensory receptors to rehabilitate injured shoulder. The problem of the research was in rehabilitating shoulder joint to improve shoulder range of motion during bending and abduction. The research aimed at identifying the effect of these exercises on sensory receptors for shoulder rehabilitation in weightlifters withspecial needs as well as improving their shoulder's range of motion. The subjects of the research were (4) advance weightlifters with special needs. The rehabilitation sessions lasted for eight weeks with three sessions per week. The researchers concludedthat neuromuscular facilitating exercises played a great role in improving shoulder range of motion. Finally the researchers recommended using these exercises for rehabilitating shoulder joint

The research problem lies on that exercise in most physical fitness centers depends heavily on the individual's performance of the exercises given to him with no care to the element of competition, which is a key element in CROSS FIT training. The researchers used the experimental method on subjects of (16) female fitness participants that were equally divided into experimental group (the cross fit group), and the controlling group the Aerobics Group. The researchers concluded that cross fit training developed some physical abilities in fitness participants. Finally the recommended paying attention to Cross fit training and work on the development of training curriculums to develop physical abilities

The problem of the research lies in learning basic skills using traditional methods takes longer time thus the importance of the research was in using modern electronic devices to help beginners learn front and side movement in squash. The researchers used the experimental method on subjects of (6) beginner squash players aged 13 – 15 years old. The results showed statistical differences between pre and posttests in favor of posttests and that the exercises have a positive effect on developing the level of learning front and side movement in squash players.

The importance of the research lies in finding new ways for training motor abilities on the development of skill level. The researchers used the experimental method on (10) handball players from the national center for gifted in handball. Many devices and tools were used like whistles, electronic watch, medical scale, tape, cones to conduct the tests. The data was collected and treated to come up with the conclusions and recommendations. The researchers recommended improving physical fitness in handball players as well as paying attention to motor abilities training and defensive movement after physical effort

The aim of the research is to design rehabilitation exercises and identifying their effect of balance and concentration. The researchers used motor range exercises during the first week and balance in the second week after surgery moving from easy to hard in all phases of ACL rehabilitation. The problem of the research lies in not using range of motion, balance and body weight distribution exercises immediately after surgery on the contrary they are used after weeks a matter that affect rehabilitation. The researcher hypothesized statistical differences between pre and posttests in balance in favor of posttests. The researchers used the experimental methods on (10) football players with ACL injury. The program was applied in six weeks. The researchers used range of motion exercises during the first week and balance exercises during third week after surgery due to their great role in stimulating sensory reception. The research recommended using these exercises three weeks after surgery

The rehabilitation exercises have an important role in the rehabilitation of injuries and physical qualities and has a direct impact on the flexibility of the spine and muscle strength working on them. To illustrate this effect, these effects should be studied in rehabilitation exercises. The problem of research is the flexibility of the spine and the lack of muscle strength due to pain. The aim of the research was to prepare exercises to increase flexibility and strength of the spine muscles, as well as to recognize the effect of rehabilitation exercises prepared in flexibility and muscle strength. The researcher used the experimental method. The study sample consisted of (12) aged (40-45) years, representing 60% of the population of the research sample of (20) infected, and tests of elasticity of the spine as well as strength tests of the back muscles. The researcher concluded that the rehabilitation exercises in the role of flexibility and muscle strength down to the back, and rehabilitation exercises prepared to increase the levels of mobility and improve flexibility and muscle strength. The researcher recommends the use of these rehabilitation exercises for flexibility and strength in the rehabilitation of joints and muscles in general, which has an impact on flexibility and affective strength, and took the rehabilitation curriculum (8) weeks (3) weekly rehabilitation sessions with a total of (24) rehabilitation sessions, Minimum time and time of difficulty in the curriculum (15-30) minutes

The importance of the research lies in making an analytical study of administrative creative procedures in soccer primer league clubs in Baghdad. The aim of the research was to construct and standardize a scale for measuring administrative creativity as well as identifying the level of the current administrative bureau. The researchers used the descriptive method on (35) soccer primer league clubs taking (184) administrative member. The scale consisted of (36) item distributed on (7) fields applied on (90) members. The data was collected and treated using SPSS to conclude that administrative creativity was not apparent thus gained (fair) level due to lack of creativity. The researchers recommended applying the scale continuously as a reference for improvement and development and stressing team creativity and interaction to improve the work of this bureau