Journal of Education and Scientific Studies

This research addresses the phenomenon of diphthong in Arabic, a smooth transition between a long vowel and a semi-vowel (ya/waw) within a single syllable, such
as in the words “bait” (house) and “qawm” (people). Diphthongs represent a transition
between a vowel and a semi-vowel within a single syllable and play a prominent role
in shaping the syllabic structure of the language. They enrich the diversity of syllables, giving them more complex patterns, and influence rhythm and metrical weight,
as they are equivalent to the long vowel in terms of time value. They also impose
restrictions on phonetic distribution, resulting in the emergence of vowel-switching
phenomena and substitution to avoid convergence of vowels. A comparison between
classical Arabic and dialects reveals a tendency in some dialects to simplify diphthongs into long vowels, demonstrating their impact on phonetic development. Thus,
diphthongs are a mechanism that organizes the syllabic structure and maintains phonological and rhythmic harmony in Arabic.

This study seeks to explore the persistence of tribal structure in the poetry of Rabiʿah ibn Maqrum al-Ḍabbi,
despite the broader cultural shift following the advent of Islam. It begins with the hypothesis that, although the
poet lived during the early Islamic period, his poetry does not reflect a fundamental transformation in values or
ideological structure. Rather, it maintains a discourse centered on the tribe as the sole vessel of identity.
The study adopts a cultural criticism approach to trace the underlying ideological patterns that appear
more enduring than the surface-level changes. The poetic fragments are read as representations of tribal loyalty,
collective identity, and responses to rivals—rooted in the honor of the clan rather than the emerging Islamic
value system. This suggests the continuity of pre-Islamic discourse within a linguistic framework that may have
softened due to the new context but did not fundamentally change.
The research analyzes expressions such as alliances, shame, glory, pride, retaliation, inheritance, and
revenge, while also noting the absence of core Islamic values such as monotheism, asceticism, faith, and jihad—themes common among early Islamic poets. Furthermore, it links this continuity to the deep structure of
the tribe as a cultural system that resisted transformation over time.
The study concludes that Rabiʿah’s poetry serves as a textual site of ideological resistance—not merely
documenting the presence of tribal identity, but also revealing the fragility of cultural change when it does not
penetrate poetic structure. His poetry thus becomes a rich source for understanding the complex intersection between Islam and tribalism—not in terms of rupture, but through the lens of continuity and symbolic resistance.

Those who follow the Arab critical heritage will notice the multiplicity of critical
trends in examining poetry, including linguistic trends, artistic trends, historical trends,
ethical trends, and other trends that have been the focus of critical attention. Since Imru’
al-Qais and his poetry are the subject of research and criticism, as he is the pioneer of
pre-Islamic poetry, and because his poetic text possesses a wealth of knowledge that requires the reader to delve into the depth of its connotations, this is what the ancient critics
of the East and the West realized alike, including al-Baqillani and Ibn Sharaf al-Qayrawani, who found in his poetry critical material that is consistent with the moral direction in their view of poetry. Hence, it was necessary to stop at this trend and shed light on
it in this research by stopping first at the concept of ethics in language and terminology,
then delving into the emergence of this concept and its presence in the ancient critical
heritage, then addressing the critical effort according to the ethical standard in the trial of
the poetry of Imru’ al-Qais according to al-Baqillani and after him Sharaf al-Qayrawani

This research explores the linguistic phenomenon of idgham (assimilation) from the perspective of the renowned Arabic linguist Abd al-Sabour Shahin, highlighting his phonological and morphological insights.
Idgham is considered one of the key phonetic features in Arabic, playing
a significant role in ensuring correct pronunciation and accurate Qur’anic
recitation. Shahin reinterprets this phenomenon through the lens of modern
phonetics, distinguishing between idgham and both tashdid (gemination)
and phonetic assimilation. He discusses its various types—progressive,
regressive, reciprocal, and emphatic—clarifying their structural and articulatory dimensions. The study adopts a descriptive-analytical method,
drawing on Shahin’s works and classical as well as contemporary sources,
to reveal the phonological function of idgham in Arabic word structure

If you are just looking at the book (Al-Tadheel and Al-Takmil fi Sharh Kitab
Al-Tashil), which was written by the distinguished and distinguished professor Abu
Hayyan Al-Andalusi Muhammad ibn Yusuf ibn Ali ibn Yusuf ibn Hayyan Athir al-Din
Al-Andalusi Al-Garnati Al-Nafzi, originally from Gibraltar (d. 745), I am obsessed
with addressing the rejected grammatical opinions of Abu Hayyan and what is stated
in his book, where personal scholarly opinions are discovered, especially since Abu
Hayyan is considered one of the most prominent literary and grammarians, and one of
the most respected scholars of rhetoric. For the purpose of this research, I examined the
rejected grammatical opinions of Abu Hayyan Al-Andalusi. I focused on examining
these opinions in the book Al-Tadheel, from which the rejected opinions were derived.
I chose some opinions due to their abundance, especially since the book Al-Tadheel wa
Al-Takmil contains the majority of the influential grammatical opinions, which are the
basic ones.
I divided the research into two sections. The first section deals with the rejected
grammatical opinions regarding nouns, and the second section deals with the rejected
opinions regarding letters.

**Morphophonology** is a linguistic field that combines morphology and phonetics/phonology,
studying sound changes in word structure resulting from inflection, derivation, or contextual interaction. One of the most notable phenomena is **’al-ʿilāl’** (vowel modification), which reflects Ara* -
bic’s tendency to avoid phonetic heaviness. An example is **’al-ʿilāl bi-l-naql’** (vowel transfer),
where the vowel of a weak letter (e.g., (ا، و، يis transferred to the preceding strong consonant, and the
weak letter is then deleted. This is based on a phonetic principle: strong consonants are more stable
when vocalized, while weak letters (vowels) are naturally inclined toward stillness, making the word
more harmonious with Arabic phonotactics.
Classical morphologists considered this phenomenon systematic, but modern linguists have reassessed it using Western phonetic approaches. For instance, they debated whether long vowels (،ا، و
(يare always preceded by matching short vowels, as in *”kātib”* (with *fatḥa* before *alif*) and
*”sūr”* (with *ḍamma* before *wāw*). Dr. Hussam Al-Nuaimi, however, argues that these cases
represent **rising diphthongs**, which are phonetically heavy. Simplification occurs by deleting the
*wāw* or *yāʾ* while lengthening the preceding short vowel, resulting in smoother syllabic peaks.
This debate reflects the evolution of morphophonological studies, where traditional Arabic linguistics merges with modern phonetic analyses, enriching our understanding of Arabic phonological
and morphological phenomena

Higher patterns are present in the narratives as the foundation upon which the event is built.
The higher pattern is then divided based on the cultural structure and historical and ideological
outcomes. The patterns become associated with the characteristics of ascent and fall, based on the
ideas of (light/darkness), (heaven/hell), and (life/death). Based on this division, the narratives begin
to fragment continuously, reflecting their origins. The higher pattern, according to Carl Gustav Jung
and Northrop Frye, is linked to the first narrative structure and the first language, which Frye termed
metaphorical, which constitutes the mythical structure, as an ever-present idea in the human mind,
based on the ability of patterns - as an archetype - to have a symbolic presence in the mind, and thus
their presence in speech represented in narratives. Since our research focuses on Arabic narratives,
Taj Al-Arous was chosen from the jewels of the dictionary, as it is a comprehensive dictionary that
encompasses the content of previous linguistic dictionaries, and it contains narratives that pertain
to the area of explaining words. The idea was to search for the presence of the pattern in the Arabic
narrative in which the higher patterns were embodied. The Taj al-Arus includes narratives about animals and the Arabs’ perception of these animals. The mythological aspect of this structure emerges
as a result of the mythical symbol’s infiltration within the model’s ability to resonate in memory,
as well as the power of imagination associated with the language it expresses. These narratives are
viewed based on their supernatural power and then categorized as either good or evil, depending
on their presence in daily life. Therefore, the research will explore the concept of the ghoul and
the ogre, the process of dividing (good/evil), the search for the mythical origins (patterns) in these
narratives, and the impact of these narratives on the export of visible and invisible creatures within
human existence. Keywords: higher patterns, narratives, Taj al-Arus, ghoul, ogre.

There is no doubt that the modernist poetic movement has, within its diverse range, produced
many structures that deviate from both the rules of language and the function and concept of language. These include, for example, the dissolution of the poetic sentence, the elimination of the
boundaries separating it, the different treatment of punctuation and separation signals, the undermining of the authority of conjunctions and prepositions, and the alteration of textual distribution
methods. All of these are manifestations of a departure from the traditional structure of the ancient
poem and fall within the framework of linguistic experimentation. Despite Nazik al-Malaika’s protest against some of these linguistic experiments and deviations, there is no doubt that there are
poets who have embraced these writing techniques, which has marked their poetic production with
diversity and continuous growth in terms of structure, vision, and attitude. This is evident in the
simplicity of expression, the comprehensiveness of content, and the depth of thought, as well as
the multiplicity of forms of poem construction, which appears in the forms of narrative lyricism,
dramatic lyricism, epic lyricism, and interpretive lyricism, as well as in the unity of the poem, Sufi
revelation, and mythological references. The importance of poetic modernity lies in its transition
toward a new characteristic, a different vision, or a distinct sensitivity, shaping the features of a
renewed poetic experience. Creativity is ageless and never grows old. Therefore, poetry is not measured solely by its modernity, but by its creativity. Not all modernity is creativity, but true creativity
is eternal. Therefore, true poetic modernity may be embodied in the suffering of the Arab person in
his attempt to assimilate contemporary global civilization without abandoning his roots. This is the
modernity that possesses the elements of continuity.

This research, God willing, demonstrates the terminological variation at two levels of the Arabic language: the phonetic level and the morphological level. I studied these two levels with two
eminent Arabic scholars, one of whom is Ibn Jinni (the best representative of the ancients), and the
other (Al-Tayeb Al-Bakoush) (the representative of the moderns).
The importance of the research lies in demonstrating the extent of variation in terminology
between the ancient and the modern at these two levels. Since terminology is of great importance
in any language, including Arabic, these modern pioneers re-examined the Arabic language at all
levels, including phonetic and morphological aspects. This led to the emergence of clear differences
between what the ancients believed and what the moderns believed. I divided the research into an
introduction in which I introduced the differences and terminology in language and terminology,
and I introduced the differences in terminology, and I addressed the most important reasons for the
differences in terminology among modern scholars. The first section dealt with several phonetic
terms, including sound and approximation. The second section dealt with It covered a number of
morphological terms, including substitution and inflection. The research concluded with a number
of findings.

This research aims to highlight the grammatical efforts of an imam of the
imams of jurisprudence, hadith, interpretation and Arabic, namely Imam AlRasani Al-Mawsili (661 AH), and to show those efforts in terms of his concern
for the Qur’anic readings, which are the basis for establishing grammatical rules,
through his grammatical directions for the Qur’anic readings included in his interpretation, “Rumuz Al-Kunuz,” which showed his mastery of the sciences of the
Arabic language and his mastery of the Qur’anic readings at the same time, and
his service to the sciences of the Qur’an and the Arabic language, and to show the
strength of the relationship between Arabic and the sciences of Sharia in general
and the sciences of the Qur’an in particular.

This research deals with the opposing binaries in the poetry of Abdul Malik bin
Abdul Rahim Al-Harithi (d. 170 AH). The study consists of three main sections, a
conclusion, and a list of references. The first section is titled “An Overview of the Poet
and His Poetic Journey,” the second section is titled “The Concept of Opposing Binaries,” and the third section is titled “Poetic Evidence - Presentation and Analysis.” The
research concludes with key findings, most notably that the poet excelled in employing
opposing binaries in multiple contexts, being one of the modernist Abbasid poets who
were fascinated with rhetorical embellishments. The poet achieved poetic innovation
by effectively employing these contrasting linguistic signs, creating a poetic discourse
that transforms words and symbols into powerful poetic icons

This research addressed the linguistic and doctrinal implications of the terms
“yu’min” (believes) and “la yu’min” (does not believe) in the Prophetic Hadith:
“None of you truly believes until he loves for his brother what he loves for himself.” The study focused on exploring the roots, morphological structures, and contextual meanings of these terms, along with their theological dimensions in terms of
negation and affirmation, and their impact on social behavior and human solidarity.
It became evident that the Prophetic Hadith utilizes language to its fullest rhetorical and doctrinal capacity, demonstrating that faith is not merely a claim of
intellect or heart, but a social behavior rooted in goodwill toward others. This is
manifested in solidarity and mutual support. Furthermore, the negation expressed
in the Hadith does not refer to the negation of the essence of faith, but rather to the
negation of its obligatory completeness.

This Study aim to clarify the role of sharia policy and demonstrate the extent of it’s ability to amend
written legal texts in the content of official languages law No 7 of 2014, despite the fact that Islamic law is
the primary source of the aforementioned official languages law. From this stand point , We will explain how
sharia policy can have a role in amending legal texts , despite the fact that there are written texts explicitly and
clearly codified.
It is well know that the written legul role represent the intention of it’s author and is explicitly and directly
recorded.
As stated in the texts of official languages Law No. (7) of 2014 . How ever, the content of this research
focuses on the role of sharia policy in filing the gape that may afflict the texts of the law , not only through
clarification, but also through deletion or addition . Therefore, We will demonstrate the impact of the role of
sharia policy in this amendment by shedding light on the actual ability of sharia policy to replace the texts of
the law and replace them.
The official languages is the language adopted by the state in speed, expression. official correspondence,
bank notes , stamps , and official documents in all matters related to state affairs at home and a broad and in
other areas.
In light of development and progress in various fields, including the field of theology and language and
related topics that requite research and contemplation from a legal perspective , as they have a major impact
on people’s live from a scientific perspective, the jurists stated that the necessities that God Almighty imposed
on . His servant are five , and upon which religion is based , and they are ; preserving religion, preserving life,
preserving, the mind, preserving lineage, and preserving wealth. They are the true necessary objective based
on public interest and it’s controls

The research addresses the issue of morphological causality (al-‘illah
al-sarfiyyah) in the Arabic language, focusing on derivatives (al-mushtaqāt)
and their role in enriching the language and generating new vocabulary. The
study clarifies the concept of derivation (al-ishtiqāq) both linguistically and
technically, and reviews the opinions of linguists regarding the definition and
types of derivatives. Additionally, the research examines the perspectives of
scholars and exegetes in analyzing certain derivatives found in the Qur’an,
such as: al-Rahmān, al-Rahīm, Mālik, Malik, Mūlihā, Mawlaha, Rā‘inā, al-Qa -
yyām, and al-Qayyūm, highlighting the semantic nuances of these terms and the
different readings associated with them.

This study examines the argumentative role of the Arabic language in media
discourse through a pragmatic approach that reveals the linguistic and persuasive
strategies employed by the media to shape public opinion. The research analyzes
a selected sample of Arabic media discourse, represented by the speech of Sayyid
Hassan Nasrallah (Ashura – July 17, 2024), as a significant model that reflects
the interaction between language, context, and communicative goals. The findings
show that Arabic—both in its standard and vernacular forms—possesses a strong
capacity to construct adaptable and effective arguments shaped by social, cultural,
and political contexts, making it a central tool in exercising persuasive power within contemporary Arab media.

A term is an agreement among a group of scholars to use it in a specific scientific field or
art, so that its meaning is clear, its connotation is specific, and it serves the intended purpose.
It is an agreement among people to name something by a name that is transferred from its
original context, and the word is transferred from one linguistic meaning to another based on
a commonality between them.
A term is a word that has been specifically used in a particular science or art for a specific
concept, removing it from common usage
As for grammatical terminology, it is an agreement among grammarians on specific words
that lead to established meanings and concepts, such as subject, predicate, verb, and agent.
I delved into the subject of this research to answer several questions:
First: Why are there multiple forms for a single term
Second: Who first used the term
Third: Who first traced it back to its linguistic origin
Fourth: Explaining the relationship between technical usage and the meaning of the linguistic word, then presenting the correct viewpoints, and clarifying the relationship between
the linguistic meaning and the customary usage among grammarians, seeking the connection
between them

This research aims to study the phenomenon of grammatical obligation as it appears in
the book “Al-Kanash fi Fani al-Nahw wa al-Murf” by Abu al-Fida’ Imad al-Din Ismail ibn Ali
al-Ayyubi (d. 732 AH). This book is one of the least studied and researched works despite its
scholarly value in the Arabic linguistic heritage. The study addresses the concept of grammatical
obligation and its manifestations, examining the instances in which the author stipulated the
obligation of a particular construction or structure, and interpreting the motives for this obligation in terms of the grammatical criteria and contexts on which it was based. The analytical and
descriptive approach was adopted, based on tracing texts, classifying instances of grammatical
obligation, and analyzing them in light of grammatical and morphological criteria. The study
concludes that Abu al-Fida’ employed grammatical obligation in a systematic manner that reflects his influence by previous grammatical schools, especially the Basra school, with some
distinctions in application and justification. His use of grammatical obligation also demonstrates
a keen awareness of the nature of language and its structural mechanisms. This work contributes
to revealing the book’s characteristics and its place in the medieval Arabic grammar corpus.

The Arabic language on social media is characterized by an overwhelming presence, yet one
that reflects a state of deviation and transformation from traditional rules, creating a hybrid linguistic reality that combines authenticity and contemporaneity. On a formal level, the use of colloquial dialects in their various local forms prevails over Modern Standard Arabic which fosters
spontaneous and rapid communication among users. However, this simultaneously affects the
status of and limits its spread within this vast space. There is also an emergence of newly invented
vocabulary, abbreviated and altered expressions to suit the nature of the platforms and character
limits, which informally expands the linguistic wealth but weakens grammatical and spelling
rules.
Regarding the impact, this phenomenon has multiple effects. Some are positive, such as enhancing communication between Arabs from different regions, spreading linguistic awareness
through correction and critique pages, and reviving some old vocabulary while giving it a new
character. However, there are negative impacts that cannot be ignored, most notably the effect
on the proper writing skills of new generations due to habitual use of colloquial and incorrect
writing, the occasional distortion of the language’s image, and its declining use in formal and
academic contexts in favor of other languages or local dialects. Overall, social media remains an
open arena for the Arabic language, representing both a challenge and an opportunity. It transports
the language from its traditional framework into more dynamic and widespread spheres, yet it
simultaneously imposes profound transformations affecting its structure, uses, and future.

Libyan author Ibrahim Al-Koni is one of the most prominent novelists who
have dedicated their works to exploring the world of the Tuareg people in the
Libyan desert, with a particular focus on the role of Tuareg women in shaping the
social and political structure of their society. Women appear in Al-Koni’s works as
multidimensional entities, combining myth and reality, strength and fragility, and
spiritual influence and material power.

This research examines and explicates the postcolonial discourse in the collected
poems entitled “An Axe Stabs the Morning” by Basim Furat. It seeks to reveal the
mechanisms wielded by the poetic text to resist and deconstruct Western cultural hege�
mony. It is achieved through examining representations of the subaltern, his rejection of
silence, and critiquing the discourse of Western modernity. The research also addresses
the poet’s strategies for reconstructing the image of the other, free from stereotypes, and
his search for a hybrid identity that is formed in the third space between homeland and
exile. The research relies on the postcolonial critical approach, investing its procedural
concepts in approaching the texts to reveal their cultural and political dimensions im�
plicit in the context of the experience of exile.

This research aims to explore the role of artificial intelligence (AI) tools in developing
reading comprehension skills among Arabic-speaking primary school students. The study
adopts a descriptive-analytical approach to review recent literature and analyze a number of
relevant applied studies. It focuses on categorizing and evaluating AI-based reading tools
according to scientific criteria, including levels of interactivity, linguistic appropriateness,
content accuracy, and the quality of accompanying educational activities. The analysis revealed that AI tools have considerable potential in enhancing reading comprehension, particularly when integrated with effective pedagogical practices. However, challenges persist
in adapting these tools to the Arabic language, necessitating the development of specialized
systems that support the morphological and syntactic characteristics of Arabic. The study
also proposes the development of a future practical model that could be piloted in primary
education settings.
The findings contribute to forming a modern educational vision for integrating AI in language instruction and offer practical recommendations, including investing in teacher training, updating curricula, and developing intelligent digital content tailored to Arabic-speak-
.ing children

Linguists were delayed in language technology due to the generalization of colloquialisms,
impurities introduced by the Persians, and the allure of melody. Therefore, they have to preserve
this language from every distortion, including issues with sound pronunciation. As the Islamic
state expanded, many non-Arabs adopted various languages. The mixing of these people with
the Arabs resulted in a weakened language, deviating from the standards and becoming known
as the language of the common people. This language was easily pronounced by changing the
pronunciation of words to fit the speakers` tongues. Linguists, therefore, applied all their efforts
to ensure the language did not deviate from its correct path by changing some of its sounds or
connotations. Tis led to what was known as public composition, as exemplified by Ibn-Hisham Al-Khulami. His book, “ The entry into the calendar of the Tongue “ and the statement of
righteousness and eloquence within it, reflects Mahmoud`s effort and its importance. Thanks
for reading. However, this jealousy may stem from a misunderstanding, failing to correct each
other. Consequently, I voiced my concerns, dis covering that perhaps the intended purpose and
eloquence were missed, with the eloquent indicating she didn`t disagree. I then commented on
it, drawing upon its perceived permissibility and authenticity.

This study presents a critical edition and analytical examination of a precise grammatical text from the
linguistic legacy of Imam al-Kafiji. The text revolves around the issue of “the operation of the elative (afʿal
al-tafḍīl) without being conditioned by negation or affirmation a topic considered among the most intricate
in Arabic grammar, involving both linguistic and intellectual dimensions. The significance of this topic lies
in its representation of the rational grammatical school and its offering of a model for understanding grammatical structures through the lens of logic and theological thought. In this context, grammar, logic, and
spirituality are interwoven into a unified intellectual framework. The aim of the study is to revive this rare
grammatical text through a rigorous scholarly edition, while analyzing the intellectual and linguistic foundations that shaped al-Kafiji’s grammatical methodology, and to highlight the unique integration of linguistic
rules and rational principles within his work. The adopted methodology is both descriptive and analytical.
The researcher has arrived at several key findings, most notably: al-Kafiji’s clear affiliation with the rational
school of grammar; his consistent integration of grammatical theory with logical principles; his evident
influence by kalām (Islamic theology) and philosophy; and his embodiment of the epistemological unity of
Islamic sciences. Furthermore, the critical edition demonstrates that this text constitutes a unique linguistic
document from the 9th century AH, offering valuable contributions to contemporary grammatical studies.

The subject of this research is (Surat Al-Ma’un - A Linguistic and Rhetorical
Reading), as Surat Al-Ma’un is one of the short surahs in the Holy Quran, and
despite its brevity, it contains rhetorical touches and linguistic gems that amaze
masters of eloquence and clarity, and in it the intention in the Quranic expression
is revealed, as this surah has a correlation with the surah that precedes it and the
surah that follows it. Moreover, every expression came in the place required by
the context of the text, and no other expression can replace the expression of the
surah and give the same meaning.

The fictional treatise “The Followers and the Whirlwinds,” written by Ibn Shuhayd al-Andalusi, who died in 426 AH, is a
towering landmark not only in Andalusian literature, but in Arabic literature in general. In it, the Andalusian writer and poet depicted an imaginary journey to the world of the jinn, accompanied by a jinn called Zuhair ibn Numayr, where he met the demons
of some pre-Islamic and Abbasid poets, heard their poetry, and played some of his poems to them, which they admired, and he
received from them a certificate of literary creativity. He also depicted his meetings with the followers of three knights of Arabic
prose: Al-Jahiz, Abdul Hamid Al-Katib, and Badi’ Al-Zaman Al-Hamadani. They tested him in composing prose letters, and he
surprised them with what they admired of eloquence and rare similes, also extracting their certificates of his superiority over
his contemporaries, whom he could not defeat in the arena of reality, so he chose the arena of imagination to compete with them
and defeat them, and this is his goal in creating this imaginary story.Then, in one of its chapters, he depicted himself and his jinn
companion attending a critical session of the jinn regarding some poetic meanings.
In the final chapter, Ibn Shaheed judged between the poetry of two jinn animals, using them as a striking satirical symbol to attack some of his opponents who begrudged his literary talent and creativity, accusing him of imitation and borrowing from others.
The research aimed to examine the power of expression and the uniqueness of communication through satirical scenes and
dialogues, and the extent of their impact on the recipient throughout the ages.
The research examines two topics: the first, the satirical imaginary scenes, Through four scenes chosen by the researchers, in
addition to the opening scene, the first scene depicts their meeting with the followers of Al-Jahiz and Abd al-Hamid. The second scene
depicts his difficult meeting with the devil of Badi’ al-Zaman (Zubdat al-Haqb). The third scene is dedicated to their meeting with the
follower of al-Iflili (Anf al-Naqah). As for the fourth scene, it contains two meetings: the first with the wise mule Umm Khafif, and the
second with the foolish goose, who is the follower of his well-known linguistic opponent al-Iflili.

The pre-Islamic poets relied in shaping and expressing their poetic experience on
the language of their own poetic advertising discourse. Therefore, it appeared laden
with ideas, loaded with visions, embodying a complex semantic structure that reveals
the linguistic system they formulated to express their inner visions through the set of
relationships they established to generate a deep dialectic responsible for establishing
meaning . For them, the process of poetic creativity became a unique creation of a special, distinctive language that expresses the uniqueness of its owners in weaving unattainable artistic relationships that build special qualities for them subject to their ability
and style in formulating the artistic composition within the poetic structure. The owner
of creative talent
invests his own expressive method and unique language to embody a visionary discourse that relies on the most famous in his relationship with humanity, the universe
and life.

The study aims to shed light on the issue of color in societies that have suffered
from slavery, and are controlled by the mentality of the slaver until it has become
entrenched in their collective unconscious to control their future. American and
Arab novels work to highlight the political and cultural reality in society in the con�
temporary era, and we will see the extent of the similarity of American reality with
Arab reality on the issue of racism and color as a standard of beauty. It also discuss�
es the issue of cultural displacement suffered by minorities in countries dominated
by a monoculture that does not respect diversity, which resulted in a white complex
in the black character.

The studies and researches that have addressed grammarians and their works
are numerous and diverse, particularly those of earlier centuries. In continuation of
this scholarly trend, the present study investigates the topic of Paths of Grammatical
Authorship on Ibn Mālik’s Alfiyyah in the Eighth Century AH. This century was
characterized by the abundance of scholars and the richness and variety of their
contributions.
The research aims to trace the paths of grammatical works devoted to Ibn Mā-
lik’s Alfiyyah, by identifying their authors, examining their methodological approaches, and analyzing their distinctive features and stylistic qualities. The study
also highlights the unique and valuable position these works hold within the grammatical heritage, thereby reflecting the significance of the eighth century AH in the
history of grammatical authorship.

The research starts from the close relationship between society and language, to address the phenomenon of linguistic correction in exchange for poor
linguistic performance in the university community in terms of language and
style, especially in the writings of academics in master’s theses and doctoral dissertations, as well as research and authored books prepared by professors. The
research was addressed in its axes. The writings of academics in the College of
Agricultural Engineering Sciences - University of Baghdad provide a field model
for monitoring the causes of the phenomenon of poor linguistic level through
work in the field of linguistic correction.
The research is based on several axes, the first of which dealt with an introductory presentation of the importance of preserving the language as it is the
most important social phenomenon, and the factors that are affected by it in
the journey of its development and existence. In the second axis, care was taken
to present the reasons that we observed behind the weak linguistic level in the
university environment, and the third axis came under The title of the applied
study is to review a statistical table of error rates coupled with solutions that
would address the phenomenon of weak commitment to linguistic correctness in
universities, especially in scientific colleges.

Artificial intelligence has become one of the fundamental pillars that are bringing about a
radical transformation in various fields, including the field of the Arabic language. The Arabic
language, as a specialized scientific field, has not been far from global technological developments, but rather has been at the heart of these developments and the main focus of them, as a
global language. Digital technology has contributed to a qualitative shift in the concepts of the
Arabiclanguage, moving it from traditional concepts to concepts that keep pace with modern developments, improving the quality and soundness of scientific research, developing analysis and
interpretation processes, stimulating the movement of authorship, publishing, and translation in
the field of the Arabic language, bringing viewpoints closer between Arab researchers, and integrating scientific ideas by publishing research electronically and holding international seminars
and conferences. Artificial intelligence is an innovative and effective technology that contributes
to the analysis of big data, and artificial intelligence tools help add correct punctuation to texts
and sentences in the Arabic language, which removes ambiguity and ensures accurate understanding of the content. Artificial intelligence can detect and correct grammatical and spelling
errors in Arabic texts, which improves the quality of writing and makes it more professional. It
represents a revolution in how we deal with the language.
Arabic, from improving the clarity of texts to enabling the creation of innovative content.

The aim of this study is to reveal the phonetic employment of the
Qur’anic vocabulary in the service of meaning. Therefore, he chooses words finally based on the investigation of music consistent with the
meaning of the verse and the meaning of the context in general.
The subtle flowing event is referred to by the soft, whispered letters
that are often excused to form the expressions of it, and the loud, vocal
event to which the strong, loud, loud letters often compete to form the
expressions of it.