journal of kufa studies center

The research aims to analyze the non-performing loans in the Iraqi banking sector through three indicators, namely (total cash credit, total deposits, total assets), and the importance of the research lies in the importance of the banking sector and its increasing role in stimulating the economic sectors by financing them to cover their activities and exposing them to difficulties as a result that make it lose a significant part of its financial resources due to non-repayment of the loans granted by its beneficiaries, as the banking sector data for the period (2010-2019) were taken.
After conducting the financial analysis of the level of non-performing loans in the banking sector, it was found that the indicators, which are (total cash credit, total deposits, and total assets) did not exceed the standard ratio of (10%), except for the index of non-performing loans to total deposits, as the ratio of the standard ratio for two years, namely (2017 and 2018), and the research reached a set of conclusions, including that all the ratios were lower than the standard, except for the index of total non-performing loans to total cash credit. The research also recommended the need to pay attention to non-performing loans and try to collect them from their beneficiaries, especially in the private sector, by negotiating between the two parties, especially with sectors that have high levels of default.

The Iraqi legislator dealt with the issues of alimony in Chapter Seven of the Personal Status Law No. 188 of 1959, as amended. It is considered one of the effects of marriage and lineage, and it is obligatory for one spouse over the other, and it may be obligatory for children on the assets or for the assets on the branches. Iraqi law has given legislative competence in this regard to the law on the nationality of the person who owes it based on Article (21) of the Iraqi Civil Code in force, but this provision does not solve the aforementioned problems, which has raised several special questions in the hypothesis in which the nationality of each of the parties differs.

National sovereignty (the authority of the absolute state) represents the inside and its independence abroad, and the state has the power to dominate over its territory and individuals, and it is also independent of any external control, and sovereignty is the highest degree of power, as it exercises it to maintain order and organize affairs internally and externally, but there are political variables that have affected national sovereignty and national security in their entirety, so this research has been divided into two demands, namely structural variables and security variables.

Theater is one of the oldest artistic activities practiced by the individual, through which it sheds light on the suffering of man, his problems, his experiences, and his way of life, as it is a mirror that reflects all contradictions by observing and dealing with them from a more comprehensive and general perspective through which reality is conveyed in a different way for the purpose of finding solutions.
The researcher divided his study into four chapters, which came as follows: The first chapter (the methodological framework) included the research problem, which focuses on answering the following question: (Are there manifestations of Holland's theory of personality in the contemporary Iraqi theatrical text?), and then the importance of the research and the need for it, as the research derives its importance from the importance of the problem it addresses. Facilitating the author's task in the Iraqi theater by relying on the correct scientific methods included in the research tool as a means by which the author knows how to study the character and interaction. with it objectively and drawing the characters in an effective scientific way. In addition, the chapter included the objectives of the research, as the research aimed to:
• The character styles found in contemporary Iraqi theatrical texts are defined according to Holland's theory.
• The professional environments of the characters of the contemporary Iraqi theatrical text are defined according to Holland's theory.
• Uncovering the relationship between personality styles and professional environments in the contemporary Iraqi theatrical text by testing the following hypothesis: (The existence of a significant correlation between the main styles and professional environments).
The chapter also included the spatial limit: Iraq, and the temporal limit: (2010-2020), while the objective limit is: the study of the manifestations of Holland's theory of personality in the contemporary Iraqi theatrical text. Then it was followed by the definition of research terms and their procedural definition.
The second chapter (Theoretical Framework and Previous Studies) included two topics, the first dealt with the theory of the six personality styles and professional preferences of John Holland, while the second topic was entitled: Theatrical Personality and Professional Environments, and then previous studies and indicators.
The third chapter included (research procedures), as the research community and its sample dealt with (22) theatrical texts, and the researcher based his research tool on the opinions of experts (theater, education, and psychology), then he used statistical means to process the evidence statistically.
The fourth chapter included the results, their interpretation and conclusions, and the researcher concluded the fourth chapter with a set of recommendations and suggestions.

There is no doubt that Allah is the greatest of the speakers and the author of the most complete discourse, and that the holy heavenly books are nothing but proof of this, and that His Messenger Muhammad ibn Abdullah (peace be upon him) is the first interpreter of the Holy Qur'an, after which the Imams of guidance rose from the good and pure people of his house (peace be upon him) who were the justice of the Qur'an, and at the head of them was the Imam of guidance and the master of eloquence, the Commander of the Believers, Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him), the door of the city of knowledge and the dragonfly of religion.
The words of the Commander of the Faithful, peace be upon him, are considered a high-level rhetorical text with a deep significance that is unique in its systems and construction, and it occupied the minds of linguists, because of the perfection of the features of the verbal text, until it reached the peak of rhetoric and expression. The researcher shed light on this important aspect of the life of the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him), which includes: the acquisition of language in the individual and the influences in its formation. In it, we discussed: the factor of heredity, the factors surrounding the individual, the factors of uniqueness in the language of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) and their causes, including: the factor of heredity, the blessed birth, his upbringing in the context of revelation and the message until the death of the Prophet (pbuh).

Education is an urgent necessity in every society, as education has existed since the existence of man on earth, and although it has gone through multiple phases and multiple times, education remains a basic and starting point for every society.
Since the establishment of the monarchy and education, there has been no administrative style in Iraq, where there were the (books, Qur'an memorization circles) that were called at that time as knowledge, and because of that, the first Ministry of Education in Iraq was called the Ministry of Education, but the problem of education in the monarchy is an administrative-scientific problem, scientific schools did not exist until after the British occupation, and because of the people's lack of convictions towards the occupation, poverty and the feudal system, many Iraqis did not enroll in schools at that time, so that the enrollment of Iraqis in academic schools was late Despite the shift in educational policy that took place after the end of the British occupation, Iraq became ruled by Iraqis and under British supervision.

The use of cosmetics and decorations was not limited to the Arabs only, but the Jews and Christ also had a passion for them, as many verses of the Bible contain words and vocabulary that indicate the existence of these materials and their use by the population, in addition to the existence of many stories that referred to the existence of beauty and adornment, including the story of the Queen of Sheba and her caravan full of luxurious perfumes and Esther who underwent massages with many essential and cosmetic oils The Bible mentions many forms of ornamental tools, including earrings, necklaces, and lavenders, as they are not mentioned arbitrarily as much as their existence and commonness.

The problem of financial security emerges as a key component of the integrated financial stability framework, as well as it is closely related to having strong capabilities for crisis management and precautionary and supervisory regulation of the financial system, so banking supervision, including the Central Bank supervision, is one of the tools that may protect the rights of depositors, and at several times, including related to the legal reserve, which the Central Bank obliged commercial banks to place a certain percentage of the banks' capital with the Central Bank to protect depositors in the event of The bank defaults, defaults, and delays in paying its obligations towards depositors, and there are also other tools other than the Central Bank, such as the establishment of a deposit guarantee company, which serves as a guarantor for the bank with the customer in case the bank is unable to meet its obligations towards depositors.
The study relied on the inductive analysis and descriptive analysis method, and the study used the questionnaire as a tool for scientific research by answering the questions of the study and choosing its hypotheses, and the questionnaire was distributed to all members of the study population of (100) individuals for the sample of employees of commercial banks in the government and private banks, and (81) questionnaires were retrieved from the total number of questionnaires distributed .

This study will address the reflection of the US-China rivalry on global nuclear security as an issue that has received great attention due to the risks that this competition poses to international security and stability , and indeed to humanity as a whole .
Therefore, these threats that result from this competition, especially nuclear ones, remain an essential part of relations between countries, and there is a danger that they will become more important, and that this competition will likely be the cause of two outcomes: first, the proliferation of nuclear weapons will represent an increase in the threat of their use, which will greatly hinder the achievement of global nuclear security, and the second result: the possibility of terrorists acquiring nuclear weapons, which is a threat that has clearly reared its head in the aftermath of 9/11. On this basis, the international community has tended to put an end to the proliferation and control of nuclear weapons, through the enactment of many international and regional convention texts, but the mere provision of this is not enough , but this must be accompanied by a set of guarantees that guarantee respect for it .

The Student Supervisory Syndicate is one of the administrative state institutions in the Arab Islamic state, and its main function is to preserve the lineage of the Hashemites from the Alawites and Abbasids from being a pretext for others and taking care of their private and public affairs.
The word Ashraf became attributed to the house of the Prophet (peace be upon him) from the descendants of al-Hasan and al-Husayn (peace be upon them), which is an honorable and precious position whose subject is to talk about the children of Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon them) from Fatima bint the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) during the era of the Fatimid state in Egypt. The Fatimids followed ceremonies when appointing the head of the Talibi Syndicate, including the removal of the Caliph and the reading of his record in public, and the relative nobles preceded the Talbi nobles when entering the Caliph's Council. The captains also held other positions, including those who were ambassadors or intermediaries of the Fatimid Caliphate, as well as orators and judges.

The research identified a period of time that was limited to 1905, the year of the movement's establishment and the beginning of its political and social interactions within the political institution and society, until 1911, where the setback and return of reactionary and tyranny took place, for Iran to rule for sixty-eight years as an absolute monarchy. The necessities of academic study have required that The research consists of an introduction, three topics and a conclusion, the first topic was entitled the internal factors affecting the establishment of the constitutional movement, the second topic explained the external factors affecting the establishment of the movement, while the third topic dealt with the direct reasons for the establishment of the movement and its events.

Abbasid poetry with many Arabic and non-Arabic linguistic vocabulary, which received great attention from researchers, and he has Sardar poetry (d. 465), we find a multiplicity of grammatical and rhetorical styles in his language.
The research tried to show through the analytical study and statistical ratios the extent of its variation in the use of methods, including the method of questioning, negating, commanding, swearing, and the method of praise and slandering, and finally summarizing the most important results of its findings, the most prominent of which is the multiplicity of orderly and non-commissioned methods in Sardar's poetry, and some of them differed in use, and the share of non-order methods was less fortunate than the sum of his poetry compared to the orderly methods.

Those who follow the books of the advanced linguists and grammarians hardly find a book that is devoid of talking about the waqf, but they limited their attention to the waqf to the end of the word, and the aspects in which it is permissible and which is not permissible. The interruption of pronunciation, and the integrity of the relationship between what evaluates the structure in which it occurred, so the second was the focus of their work and care .
However, the grammarians took care of the faces of the endowment and the integrity of the structure in which it is located, and it was helpful for the readers and others who were classified in the endowment. The purpose of the endowment was left to those who were concerned with reading the Qur'an, and for a knowledge that specialized in the places that it is good or ugly to stand on based on the signification, or on the basis of grammatical functions, they started from the issue of meaning and its attachment to the word .

Arabic grammar contains the richest sources and references in the field of vocabulary and linguistic studies. In addition to playing an important role in justifying and interpreting past linguistic phenomena, it has also helped linguists in contemporary linguistic theories and methods. Ibn Khalwiyah is one of the most famous grammarians, and he has his own notable works and writings on Arabic grammar. He was superior in knowledge and mastery of vocabulary to his contemporaries.
The book "Not in the Words of the Arabs" is an exquisite and excellent work by the author, dealing with morphological and grammatical rules and unknown and unconventional linguistic frameworks in the Arabic language. The research is divided into three axes: structural, content, and stylistic based on the descriptive-analytical approach.

Enjoining good and forbidding evil is one of the important shar'i costs, as all other obligatory duties are performed by them, and by which Islamic societies are protected from corruption and misguidance, which are among the highest and highest obligatory duties, and their obligation is one of the necessities of the Islamic religion .
The rule of "the obligation to enjoin good and forbid evil" is one of the jurisprudential rules established by the Holy Qur'an, where some noble verses are mentioned in their content, and they have many applications, so we paved the way for introducing the vocabulary of research, explaining the meaning of the rule, and its understanding from the Holy Qur'an, and then we presented jurisprudential applications of it, to know its importance and the impact of its applications in our lives.

The research pointed to the use of one of the types of renewable energy, which is solar energy and the possibility of exploiting it in generating electricity, to the University of Kufa, where the research pointed to a problem in reality, which was a question of whether solar energy projects can preserve and sustain the environment, and is there an economic preference compared to energy sources generated from fossil fuels? Highlighting the study in order to promote its sustainability in the field of energy.
The feasibility study in terms of cost, the age of the system and its location at the University of Kufa showed that it is the right place for the installation of solar systems, because many electric towers are located inside the university and it is easy to connect them to the grid and also to supply the neighboring neighborhoods with electrical energy. Thus, it is considered a support and support for the national electricity grid.

The research aims to highlight the role of internal control measures in enhancing the effectiveness of e-governance by showing the extent to which e-governance components are used and the possibility of activating them in finding solutions to many problems faced by educational organizations in general, and statistical analysis was adopted Using SPSS software to analyze the data extracted by organizing a questionnaire form and distributing it to the researched individuals, one of the most important conclusions reached by the researcher was that e-governance is one of the most important joints in the administrative structure of any educational organization, and the majority of the researched individuals agreed with an arithmetic average of (4.47) that internal control procedures contribute to enhancing the effectiveness of e-governance.

The study aimed to identify the classroom interaction skills of mathematics teachers in primary schools and their relationship with their students' achievement. The study sample consisted of (28) primary school mathematics teachers, who teach in the schools of the Directorate of Education in Baghdad, who were selected intentionally, as well as (10) students were randomly selected from the students of each teacher, and thus the sample of students consisted of (280) male and female students, and to achieve the objectives of the study, a note card consisting of (55) was developedA paragraph divided into five areas: the field of presentation and implementation, class management, stimulation and diversification of stimuli, communication and human relations, and evaluation, as well as a test in achievement consisting of (18) items of the type of multiple choice, the connotations of honesty and consistency of the two study tools were confirmed. The study reached a number of results, including: the existence of an average degree of mathematics teachers' practice of classroom interaction skills, and that there is a statistically significant positive correlation at the level of significance (α = 0.05) between mathematics teachers' practice of classroom interaction skills and the achievement of their students. The study recommended many recommendations, the most important of which is the need to train mathematics teachers on the educational style they prefer scientifically by participating in training courses to train them on classroom interaction patterns in a way that is based on sound scientific rules.

The research aims to determine the impact of crises on global financial markets, as we find that Corona and its resulting effects are no different from those financial crises, as Corona caused great losses and serious economic damages as a result of the closures and the suspension of public life, which affected the activity of hundreds of economic and non-economic institutions, which would reflect on the path of development and human welfare. The research seeks to test the validity of the two hypotheses:
There is a negative impact of the financial crises (Corona crisis) on global financial markets.
The Corona crisis) led to a decline in the market value of companies listed on the global capital markets.
The researcher relied on the descriptive and analytical method in preparing this research, and the researcher concluded that the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has created an unprecedented humanitarian and health crisis. The necessary measures to contain the virus have led to an economic downturn, and the impact of the pandemic is the worst since the global crisis in 2008, as global and regional financial markets continued their declines.

The current study seeks to find out the effectiveness of a proposed strategy based on differentiated education in physical imagination among fourth grade students of science, by verifying the hypothesis of the study, which states: There is no statistically significant difference at the level of (0.05) for the average scores of the students of the experimental group that studied according to the proposed strategy and the average scores of the students of the control group that studied in the usual way in the physical imagination scale, the study was randomly determined from the students of the fourth grade of Abi Turab High School affiliated to the Diwaniya Education Center of the governorate for the academic year 2021-2022 For the first semester, the fourth physics textbook, and two divisions were selected out of three divisions with a total of (50) students distributed over the two divisions (25) for the experimental group (proposed strategy) and (25) for the control group (regular), the two groups (experimental and control) were equal for variables (chronological age in months, intelligence and previous information), and the researcher prepared for each group its own plan, with the preparation of a scale for the two-dimensional physical imagination, the first consists of (15) paragraphs and the second dimension of (10) After verifying the validity of the apparent scale, its constructive truthfulness, and the strength of distinguishing the paragraphs with the calculation of its stability (Cronbach's alpha), the researcher applied his experiment himself in the first semester of the academic year (2021-2022), and after the completion of the experiment, the study data was treated with (T-test), the results showed a clear superiority of the students of the experimental group that studied with the proposed strategy over the students of the control group that studied in the usual way in the physical imagination. Therefore, the null hypothesis was rejected, the study came out with a set of (recommendations and suggestions).