Zanco Journal of Human Sciences

Talking about surrealism in cinema means giving free rein to the imagination and the subconscious mind to embody images that come into existence directly without a censor or control according to a special mechanism for the director's vision. Therefore, this research came, which included a methodological framework that includes the research problem. As for the research objectives, they determined the mechanism by which surrealism works, starting in the arts and literature and reaching the narrative film. The second chapter, which was represented by the theoretical framework, included three topics:
First: Surrealism in literature and art. This research dealt with surrealism in poetry and visual art.
Second: Surrealism in drama. This topic dealt with surrealism in theatrical art and cinema.
Third: Surrealism in the narrative film. This study dealt with surrealist film directors who were famous for constructing a mysterious film that includes internal psychological hallucinations and subconscious fantasies, because the surrealist film depends on incoherence and unpredictability sometimes and disharmony at other times. The descriptive analytical approach was used as it is appropriate for the nature of the research and the selection of the research sample, the film (Mulholland Drive) by director (David Lynch), as it is appropriate and the objectives of the research, and as is customary to use a criterion to control the film sample. After analyzing the aforementioned sample, results were reached followed by recommendations.

Art is a way of the important means which translates the feelings and the feelings and thoughts of human relations of lines and spaces, colors and shapes in aesthetic formulas have unity and its distinctive character. Art is re-cultural and visual representation of the stock represented visually through the artwork.
Although the art stems from the self-vision of the man, he lets see that vision through art, and is a way of educational means you and refines human behavior in all age stages, including childhood, The stage of childhood constitute the basic building block in the formation of multiple artistic images stored in the child's memory, and these images are saturated with his contemplations and desires and multiple needs, and which can be detected by those Kherbashat on white paper surface. Vintage artistic child represents the language of spontaneous to connect with others, where change those fonts, colors, and are formed with the growth and ascent and increasing consciousness of aesthetic, cognitive, and increasingly its symbols linked to the environment, Ferssom children a way to detect with the child and inclinations and desires. Based on the current study was aimed at detecting the development of self-image in children's drawings.
The original study was 191 children from kindergartens and primary schools within the age group (4-12 years) distributed (2) kindergarten and (3) an elementary school, with a total of boys stood in kindergarten (22) children, and total girls (28) child, bringing the total (50) children in kindergarten. Atotal of boys in all schools at the elementary level (72) and total student girls (69) pupil, and thus the total number of primary school students (141) students, and also divided by grade levels to sons and daughters. In order to achieve more accurate results, and Ostepaúa the aim of the research, the researcher decided to choose the search as a sample for the current search.
The current research has required content of children's drawings analysis tool, built form through what has been reached theoretical framework of indicators in the current research. Which included the form (3) and paragraph Head (58) subparagraph offered to a group of experts to verify the validity of the goal that put to him and then make sure validity.
The researcher used (Cooper equation, Scott equation, the arithmetic mean, Chi-square) as a means of statistical processing of data in the current discussion.
Included search results and conclusions, as well as the recommendations and proposals, and the most prominent of the conclusions of the research are:
1. The self-image of the child depends on how the standard elements of different abilities that discovered, which helps adults around him for his out.
2. The level of development of self-image at the top of the third phase of the first three stages, with growing self-image formative as a product of social interaction along with the internal motivation for self-assertion.
3. The development of self-image of a child affected by social relations between him and his colleagues and his family. The lack of experience of the child social skills lead to low self-concept has.
4. Characterize the evolution of boys' self-image have been better than the girls and the boys return to characterize the concept of a higher than girls.
And researcher pointed to a set of recommendations and proposals related to the search topic.

The importance of this study comes from preparing a set of (educational-training) exercises for each stage of the performance to develop the motor path, the working muscles, and the special physical abilities for each stage. The exercises of each stage help improve the technical performance in that stage specifically, which leads to improving the technical performance of pole vaulting in general.
The study aims to Prepare specific training according to the stages of motor performance for pole vaulters, and Identify the effect of specific training according to the stages of motor performance on developing some physical abilities, technical performance level, and achievement of pole vaulting for young men, The researcher used the experimental method to suit the nature of the problem by designing a single experimental group. The research community consisted of students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for the academic year 2023-2024. The research sample was chosen intentionally, and they were the players of the University of Diyala team, College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, for the pole vaulting event, with a total of (6) players, The field research procedures included conducting a test of special physical abilities that included) Throwing the medicine ball backwards.,Long jump from a standing position with one foot.,Seated rope pull for a distance of 3 meters, Pull-up on the rings device , Three rings for the farthest possible distance, Sit-ups from lying down (abdominal exercise) for (10) seconds, Push-ups) In addition to evaluating the technical performance and achievement, the implementation of the exercises started on Monday, October 9, 2023, and ended on Thursday, November 30, 2023. The exercises were at the University of Diyala / College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, at a rate of (3) units per week for eight weeks. The researcher designed some exercises according to each stage of the performance. The exercises were applied using the designed tools as part of the complete training units, which were applied in the main part of the training unit, In light of the results obtained by the researcher, he concluded, through the analysis and discussion of the research results, that the specific exercises according to the stages of motor performance led to the development of special strength (explosive and fast strength), technical performance level, and digital level of the research sample individuals. The results showed the effectiveness of specific exercises in improving special strength (explosive and fast strength), technical performance level, and digital level, The researcher recommends that specialized training should be the dominant factor in pole vaulting training due to the difficulty of motor performance, and the focus should be on each stage of the performance separately. The researcher also suggests designing devices and tools according to each stage of the performance and developing special physical abilities, technical performance, and digital level, especially for the pole vaulting event.

This research aims to identify the synoptic-climatic conditions in Syria during the active and dry phases of the Red Sea trough extension between 1980-2015. It monitors the evolution of the extension over the Red Sea-Eastern Mediterranean region and determines the associated features, such as the Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE) during southward flows in the middle troposphere over the Eastern Mediterranean region. It also quantifies the relative humidity transported from the tropical region in the form of warm air masses in the atmosphere from equatorial Africa towards the Eastern Mediterranean, enhancing the atmospheric moisture (PRWT) over the study area. This was done by utilizing gridded data for the Geopotential variables at 1000, 500 hPa, CAPE or PRWT over the Eastern Mediterranean and North Africa region in the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis model. The analysis was applied every 6 hours during the Red Sea trough extension over 48 cases within the study area (28°-35°N) and (32°-40°E). Daily variations in Geopotential values during the Red Sea trough extension were observed, with the lowest values recorded at 12 o'clock and the highest values at 6 o'clock. There was also a relationship identified between moisture flows from the Eastern Mediterranean and rainfall in southern regions of Syria during the Red Sea trough extension.

the twentieth century where new voices occurred to call for moving the sentence from the area of lingual description. They argue that the sentence cannot satisfy the meaningful and pragmatic factors of discourse. In this regard, linguists felt that it is necessary to start wider area represented by the area of discourse. This research is a study which which deals with the poem “what never said Zarqa Al Yamaha say” by the poet Mohammed Abdel Al Bari depending Van Dijk approach in discourse analysis. It aims at indicating the structure through the pragmatic rules which Dijk gained by generative grammar. The research concludes that the coding discourse is not so easy to distinguish its structural unit because it is in need for an adequate effort to be analysed reaching the understandable point.

The duties of the satellite owner include paying the installments or paying the agreed-upon financial payment within the specified period for its performance, providing the satellite insurance company with essential, necessary and important data and information that are of interest to the insurance company during the conclusion of the contract, and notifying the insurance company of any change that occurs in the risks during the implementation of the contract, Informing the insurance company that the insured risk has been verified. The satellite insurance company relies on this information to conclude the insurance contract for the required satellite or not.
There are obligations on the satellite insurance company, some of which begin even before concluding the contract, such as preparing the insurance application, its obligation to issue a temporary coverage note, which “represents direct coverage of the insured risk, and the obligation to issue the satellite insurance policy, which is legal evidence that the contract has been fulfilled.” It is concluded, and the insurance company is committed to the guarantee, that is, insurance protection for the insured risks to which the satellite is exposed between the conclusion of the contract and the occurrence of the insured risk, and finally the obligation to pay the insurance amount when the insured risk occurs.

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Shopping as a task and activity of institutions is implemented in various ways, and now companies are also conducting marketing activities through social networks. In this era of rapid technological development, the use of social networks has affected the lives of young individuals almost everywhere, which these effects can be both positive and negative. The development of new media platforms has made a huge impact on broadcasting content in general and social networks in particular. The aim of this study is to understand the relationship between marketing and social networks. And to Demonstrate the characteristics of marketing through social networks and figuring out the usage level of marketing in social networks. The research community is Youngs in Erbil city, the sample is Youngs in Erbil of different ages, distribution of (300) forms utilizing stratified random sampling, as for the Statistical tool to calculate the data we used the SPSS, program. The research is descriptive, in its practical aspects to obtain detailed data and information and reach a number of results, the researchers used the method (survey) in order to know the impact of shopping on social networks on purchasing behavior among young people in Erbil. The research has reached several scientific conclusions, including: The research sample agrees that shopping on social networks effects directly on purchasing behavior of young people in Erbil, and there is a positive relationship between shopping and social networks. Social networks are important promotional tool and disseminate information in the shortest time at low cost. In this regard, the results of this study are important to understand the role of social network’s shopping among young people in Erbil.

Human settlements, defined as groups of buildings and houses inhabited in a specific area, vary in size, ranging from small villages to large cities. Agricultural land is a crucial resource, and its preservation is vital. This study investigates the impact of human settlement expansion on the decline of agricultural land in Sharazoor district.The primary concern of this study is the link between increasing human settlements and decreasing agricultural land within the study area. We aim to demonstrate the district's expansion between 2000 and 2023 using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing programs to generate maps and tables.
The research plan will introduce the study area, analyze natural population growth, examine methods of urban settlement expansion, and conclude by presenting findings. Our analysis reveals that the residential area in the district comprised 0.9% of the total area in 2000. However, by 2023, this area had grown to 1036.7 hectares, representing a 3.0% share of the total area.Based on these findings, it is imperative for stakeholders to prioritize vertical (columnar) expansion strategies over horizontal expansion to minimize the impact on agricultural land

Nowadays, because of the revolution of communication and information technology, social media platforms have impacted on creating the mental images on social problems in Kurdistan Region of Iraq, as elsewhere, both positively and negatively too. The rise of new media tools has given social media platforms more role in creating and broadcasting media content in which Facebook can be mentioned as the one that has occupied the top of the list in KRI. The objective of this study in to discover the role that Facebook is playing in creating mental images to the public audiences on social problems through spreading information and rising awareness. The study surveying students of Arts College at the university of Salahaddin-Erbil as sample. It has used random methods to target 112 students by filling survey forms. The methodology, moreover, is a descriptive one in which it analyzes the collected data from filled survey forms to describe the role that Facebook has in creating the mental images on social problems. The study has been conducted and concluded that in general, the Facebook had a negative role on its users in KRI; it also had a role on university students to create mental images on social problems. The results would show the significance of the study in which it can illustrate the role that social media playing in having impact on society individuals, through spreading information and rising awareness.

The purpose and importance of the research lies in addressing the issue of power and its theory, According to "Ibn Khaldun and Max Fiber", Despite the long period of time separating each of them, there are a number of things that can be diagnosed in the thoughts of these two worlds, Including that they were among the most prominent people who analyzed and interpreted the concept of authority and the state in society, He had opinions"Ibn Khaldun and Fiber" The greatest impact and impact is in consolidating the concept of authority and addressing the justifications and sources of authority, Some may see that the comparison between the ideas of Ibn Khaldun and Max Fiber A scientific fallacy where the nature of society, its systems, and its culture differ, The time period for each of them is different from the other, Ibn Khaldun lived in a Bedouin and desert society, unlike Max Fiber Who lived in a city society, revolutions and social change, In this sense, it is possible to delve into the concept of authority according to both of them, as well as the types of authority and their most important ideas about kingship, rule, and bureaucracy, It is an anthropological vision of the reality of power in social thought, in accordance with Khaldunian ideas And Viperia.

The progress in the field of sports and the selection of training methods and appropriate
The progress achieved in the field of sports and the selection of training methods and appropriate equipment are among the factors that are given great importance in modern sports training. Among these training devices is the vertical jump, which is a device that increases the individual’s explosive power and increases the endurance of the body’s muscles. The problem of the research is that there is a decrease in explosive power among 200m runners.
Freestyle This appears at the beginning of the race (start and take-off) and researchers attribute the reason to the lack of modern equipment that contributes to developing explosive power. The research aims to prepare special exercises using the vertical jump device for junior 200m freestyle runners and to identify the effect of these exercises using the vertical jump device on the level of achievement in the 200m freestyle event. The researchers applied.The experimental method was conducted using a single-group approach on players at the National Center for Sports Talent Care. Pre- and post-tests were conducted for the research variables, and the training sessions continued from 12/13/2024 to 2/7/2024. The researchers concluded that the exercises prepared using the vertical jump device have proven their importance and role in the sports field and that The Vertical Jump device has improved the performance of the 200m freestyle runners at the Ministry of Athletics. Researchers recommend using the exercises developed by researchers in the Ministry of Athletics' curriculum and working on developing the remaining components to achieve a higher level of performance.

The present study aimed to examine the effect of box height in plyometric training on muscle power and long jump performance. An equal-group experimental design was adopted in line with the research objectives. The study population comprised 100 male and female second-year students, A random sample of 20 students was taken and evenly split into two groups, each consisting of 10 participants. The first group performed plyometric training using a 20 cm box, while the second group trained with a 40 cm box. The results indicated that the group utilizing the 40 cm box achieved superior performance compared to the 20 cm box group in tests of five-step sprinting from a standing start and in long jump performance, particularly in the post-test assessments. Based on these findings, the researcher recommended incorporating sport-specific training programs rather than random training approaches. The study also emphasized the need to deepen coaches’ knowledge by offering specialized courses in exercise science. It recommended extending similar research to individual and team sports, exploring various age groups, and addressing both male and female participants.

This study aims to identify the level of compliance with kindergarten curriculum in the Kurdistan Region/Iraq, according to their ranking and the importance of developing physical, language, cognitive, behavioral, social, behavioral characteristics, as well as knowledge of characteristics according to their categories and rankings. The researchers used descriptive analytical approach to achieve the aims of the study. The questioner survey was consisted a 30 item kindergarten questioner survey, which included six areas of children development in kindergarten, the tool was taken from Alqarshy (2022), the two researchers extracted the validity and reliability, the translation validity and internal consistency were used, and the result was significant. Also, the validity was used by the Cronbach alpha coefficient and split-half, and the result was acceptable. The tool was consisted to a random sample of 170 teachers Kindergarten in (10) kindergartens of Sulaymaniyah city. The most prominent results were that the kindergarten curriculum in the Kurdistan Region/ Iraq, for the consideration of child developmental characteristics in general is very high. More ever consideration of characteristics according to the ranking the moral characteristics comes first, then social characteristics, then physical characteristics, then the language characteristics, then cognitive characteristics and finally the emotional characteristics comes in sixth place from the perspective of teachers to evaluate the kindergarten curriculum in the Kurdistan Region. In addition, consider the kindergarten program in the Kurdistan Region / Iraq, according to the items of physical, language, cognitive, behavioral, emotional, sociality and moral at a high level, the researchers made several recommendations based on the results of the study.

The research aimed to determine the nature of the relationship between the evolutionary leadership of the director and the organizational capabilities possessed by the Directorate of Sports and Scout Activities in Erbil Governorate, after identifying the level of each, and in order to reach the required results, the researcher followed the descriptive approach in the survey method and the method of correlational relations, and the researcher identified the research community with sports supervisors working in the Directorate of Sports and Scout Activities in Erbil Governorate, who number (209) supervisors, and for the limited community of the researcher, the researcher chose them all to form the main research sample, After that, this sample was divided into three subgroups randomly, the first group included (9) supervisors and was called the exploratory research sample, while the second group included (120) supervisors and was called the statistical analysis sample, and the third group included (80) supervisors and was called the final application sample, and to obtain the data, the researcher prepared two measurement tools, the first tool measures the level of developmental leadership of the director of sports and school activity with a number of paragraphs (14) paragraphs, and the second measures the level of organizational capabilities of the Directorate of Sports Activity And scout with the number of paragraphs (14) paragraphs, and both tools are measured from the point of view of the supervisors of technical sports working in the Directorate of Sports and Scouting Activity, and the researcher suggested alternatives to a five-way answer according to the Likert scale, which is (I agree a lot, I agree, I agree somewhat, I do not agree, I do not agree much), and after applying the two tools and receiving the answers, the results were counted, analyzed and processed statistically by (percentage, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, simple correlation coefficient (Pearson), Spearman-Brown equation, hypothetical mean, test (T) for an independent sample), and through the results obtained, a set of conclusions were reached, namely:
- The sports and scout activity manager has an average level of evolutionary leadership characteristics from the point of view of sports technical supervisors.
- The Directorate of Sports and Scouting Activity needs to have a higher organizational capacity from the point of view of sports technical supervisors.
- The relationship between the developmental Leadership of the Director of Sports and Scouting Activities and the organizational capabilities in the Directorate is moral and positive.