Journal of Medical and Industrial Plant Sciences

This experiment was conducted in the plastic greenhouse belong to the nursery of Duhok University for the period from 1st Oct. 2021 to 30th April 2022. With the aim of knowing the effect of three factors, the first factor is balanced Nano fertilizer NPK (20, 20, 20) in concentration (0, 3, 6) g L-1, the second factors is five growing media peatmoss, river soil, Kwashe compost, (River soil + Kwashe compost), (River soil + Kwashe compost + peatmoss) and the third factors pinching (without pinching) on the some quantitative and the quality indicators of (Pelargonium graveolens) plant. The results showed that the 6 g L-1 of Nano-fertilizer lead to a significant increase in the plant highest, branches number leave area, relative chlorophyll, volatile % and dry vegetative weight. The peat moss treatment and the combination treatment of river soil + kawachi compost + peat moss were significantly superior, giving the highest values in most of the studied traits. The pinching treatment caused a significant effect on the number of branches, leaf area, relative chlorophyll, percentage of volatile oil, and dry weight of the shoots, compared to the treatment without the pinching.

Afield experiment was carried on the autumn season 2020. D in the field of on the farmer mazraea village of Baiji district Saladin governorate to find out the effect of three concentrations of glutamic amino acid were (0, 150, and 200 mg/ L) and three planting distance (10, 20, and 30)cm between hills in growth, yield and quality of two Sweet corn which are Arma and Soleil. Factorial arrangement was used to Randomized complete block design with three. The results indicated that Arma cultivar was superior in 75% tassling and silking of plants (56.74, and 64.33%) respectively, while the Soliel cultivar was superior in protein percentage trait (5.55% ) .The planting distance 30 cm between hills is superior of traits number of ears (1.14 arnos.plant-1and 60.33 grain) ear. Plant and grain 300 weight. The concentration of glutamic amino acid 200m.L-1superior of traits number of ear, grain 300 weight, single plant yield and protein and carbohydrates percentage (1.17 arnus.plant-1, 332.33arnus-1, 63.11grains,102.77g.plant-1, 5.69 and 9.18%) respectively. The interaction treatment the variety Arma and planting distance 20cm superior in single plant yield g.plant-1 (120.77 g.plant-1). The combination treatment the variety Soleil and planting distance 20cm were superior of protein and carbohydrates percentage traits ( 6.14 and 10.21%) respectively , The best intervention is to treat 200 ml of Glutamic with a distance of 30 cm and it gave the best results

Due to the cases of multidrug resistance, cancer chemotherapy treatment has no longer effective. Therefore, there is a requirement to find better replacements new natural medicines for cancer. Essential oils are made up of a complex combination of low molecular weight with very well-known biological and pharmacological characteristic. In this research, the cytotoxic and anti-Breast cancer properties of Tea tree, Absinthe, Frankincense and Lemongrass, essential oils were estimated. The essential oils were qualitatively and quantitatively characterized using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC–MS) to identify their components. Depending on the GC-MS analysis, the main ingredients of the essential were in Tea tree (L-4-terpineneol 33.31%), Frankincense α-pinene (35.1%), Lemongrass Citral (45.43%) and Absinthe Sabinyl propionate (25.04%), Lemongrass and Tea tree essential oils significantly reduced the viability of both MCF-7 and WRL68 cells in a concentration dependent manner. However, Frankincense and Absinthe oils showed less inhibitory effects against both cell lines. The Lemongrass essential oil was more cytotoxic than Tea tree oils. Lemongrass shows a significant decrease in the survival rate of MCF-7 cells, 75% cell death rate at 400 μg/mL the IC50 determined at 64.10 μg /mL, while shows weak cytotoxicity in normal cell line WRL-68 and the IC50 was 125.2 μg /mL. comparison with DOX drug the IC50 was at 23.86 μg /mL .While had very weak cytotoxicity on WRL-68 the IC50 1863 μg/ mL. Therefore, Lemongrass might have a good potential as an active anti-breast cancer drugs candidates with the highest efficiency and least side effects.

The study was carried out to estimate genetic variability of ten Iraqi wheat varieties by using microsatellite . PCR amplifications with 15 SSR markers gave 266 loci of which 248 (93.2%) polymorphic with PIC value 0.4308. The pattern generated by SSR markers separated the ten wheat varieties into two clusters. Dendrogram of similarity by the (UPGMA). Study appered two groups including a group closest genetically Tamouz3, Ibaa99, Tamouz2 in same group while the other cultivars distributed according to the genetic distance and the results showed the two cultivars Rasheed and Sham4 are the most distant genetically.
microsatellite has a best markers than another genetic techniques for identify genetic diversty between cultivars, and known the descent of relatives, and. ancestors. It is an ideal marker that assessing the genetic diversity in population of wheat.

A factorial experiment was conducted in two successive seasons (2021-2022 and 2022-2023), according to a randomized complete block design with three replications in fields of Gayyarah, Nineveh Governorate, to study three levels of foliar spraying with nickel and copper at elongation stage in growth and yield of three black cumin genotypes in clay loam soil. Treatments included three concentrations of nickel and copper (0, 3, 6 mg.l-1) and three genotypes of black cumin plants (Silingo, Cameli and Kena). Results showed that foliar spraying of nickel and copper at elongation stage with a concentration of (6 mg.L-1) for each of nickel and copper achieved a significant increase in each traits of plant height, number of flowering branches per plant, number of capsules per plant-1, number of seed per capsulas-1, weight of thousand seeds, seed yield per plant, total seed yield, biological yield, percentage for each of harvest index, fixed oil, protein, oleic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid, arachidic acid, stearic acid, eicosadienoic acid and homolinoleic acid compared with comparison treatment in both growing seasons. black cumin genotypes were significantly affected in all studied traits, as Cameli genotype was superior than genotypes of Silingo and Kena by giving highest value for all the studied traits in both growing seasons. It is known that all plants obtain nutrients from soil and the number of these nutrients is 13, which are dissolved in water and absorbed by roots from soil solution. However, these nutrients are not always available in the amounts that plants need and for this reason, foliar spraying process becomes necessary for plant growth and their availability in concentrations less than plant's need leads to poor growth and development of plants. As foliar spray works on distributing nutrients to vegetative systems in a homogeneous manner and this method is also characterized by being economical and reduces need to use large quantities of nutrients as well as speed of response to absorption of nutrients from vegetative parts.

Seven genotypes of maize (Naworoz, Sagunto, Jameson, Torro, Zp-Glorya, Nahrain and DKC6664) were planted on July 7, 2023 using three levels of nano chelated NPK (20-20 -20) fertilizer (0, 6 and 12 kg/ha), at Al-Sheikhan district, Jurgan village, under sprinkler irrigation, using a randomized complete block design by a split-plot system to evaluate grain yield per plant and some other traits (number of ears per plant, ear length, ear diameter, number of rows per ear, number of grains per row, number of grains per ear and 500 grains weight), and the analysis of genotypic and phenotypic path coefficient among grain yield and other traits was performed. The results showed that the nano-fertilizer level of 12 kg/ha had significant highest means for ear length, ear diameter, number of rows per ear, number of grains per row, number of grains per ear and grain yield per plant. The Torro genotype showed good mean performance for all traits, followed in importance by DKC6664, then Nahrain and Jameson, for a number of traits, reached 6, 5, and 3 for each, respectively, and these results indicate the possibility of utilizing these distinct genotypes in breeding programs. It was shown that grain yield per plant correlated positively and significantly (genetically and phenotypically) with number of ears per plant and 500 grains weight, and genetically with ear length and ear diameter. path coefficient analysis showed that number of grains per ear, followed by number of grains per row, then number of ears per plant genetically and number of grains per ear, followed by 500 grains weight then then number of ears per plant phenotypically, considered to have the strongest effects on grain yield per plant, and this is useful in the reliability of these traits as selection criteria for higher yield performance in breeding programs.

Seven genotypes of maize (Naworoz, Nahrain, Cons, Sagunto, Simon, Torro and Jameson), using three spaces between plants (15, 20 and 25 cm) were grown in July 7, 2023 at Jurgan Village (Al-Sheikhan District), using randomized complete block design in split plot system with three replications. The data were recorded on number of days to tasseling and silking, plant height, upper ear height, number of ears per plant, leaf area, number of leaves over upper ear, ear length and diameter, number of rows per ear, number of grains per row and ear, 500 grains weight and grain yield per plant, then it was statistically analyzed to identify the nature of the variations between the genotypes. Cluster analysis was conducted to collect similar genotypes into homogeneous groups and estimating the degree of genetic diversity between them. The results showed that the mean square of genotypes was significant for all studied traits. Cluster analysis showed that the genotypes were distributed into 5 groups, each of first, second and third groups included one genotype (Cons, Jameson, Simon respectively), indicating that these genotypes differ from others due to their difference in genetic origins, as for other groups, each of them contained two genotypes. It was concluded from cluster analysis results that there was a strong similarity between pairs genotypes: Sagunto with Nahrain and Torro with Naworoz, because they had highest degree of similarity (0.697 and 0.698 respectively), and this requires avoiding crossing between these pairs, while the lowest degree of similarity was between the two genotypes, Sagunto and Cons, indicates the high genetic variation between them and the other genotypes, which may be due to the variation in genetic origin, or to they have preferred genes that are not found in other genotypes, which encourages their introduction into crosses with those that have shown distinct genetic variation to take advantage of the heterosis phenomenon.

The field experiment was carried out in the winter season (2021-2022) and(2022 - 2023) at the University of Tikrit – Faculty of Agriculture – Field Crops Department Research Statio,which is characterized by its gypsum soil, studying the effect of spraying with glycine and lysine acid and the element of iron and the overlap between them in some growth and yield characteristics and the active substance of Nigella sativa L. The experiment was designed according to the design of the complete randomized sectors (RCBD) with a working experiment (with three repetitions and each repetition 18 transactions, as it included combinations of glycine and lysine with iron, and analyzed the data of the two seasons collectively to find out the effect of amino acids, iron, coefficients and seasons and their overlaps except for the active compounds. It was analyzed for the first season and for only one repetition. The results of the statistical analysis of the data showed that there were significant differences in all the characteristics studied. The treatment of amino acids glycine exceeded 100 mg.L-1 + lysine100 mg.L-1 in each of the vegetative growth qualities represented by the height of the plant with an average of The number of branches of the plant as well as the qualities of the crop and its components represented by the number of Capsules in the plant and the number of seeds in the Capsules and the weight of 1000 seeds and the total seed yield, the treatment of iron spraying with 100 mg L -1 morally exceeded in each of the vegetative growth qualities represented by the height of the plant and the number of branches of the plant with an average of as well as the qualities of the crop and its components represented by the number of Capsules in the plant and the number of seeds in the Capsulesand the weight of 1000 seeds and the total seed yield. As for the seasons, the second season has morally exceeded the number of Capsules in the plant and the number of seeds in the Capsules and the weight of 1000seed seedsand the total seed yield

Diabetes is a group of metabolic conditions that has become a global epidemic. It occurs when the pancreas fails to produce enough insulin or when the insulin produced is ineffective in helping the body's cells absorb glucose, leading to high blood glucose levels. There is growing evidence that herbal supplements can be effective in preventing and managing diabetes. Therefore, it is essential to raise awareness about the use of medicinal plants that can help control blood sugar levels and keep them within normal limits rather than aiming to cure diabetes completely. Among the herbal plants known to contain antioxidants that help control diabetes are bitter melon, turmeric, and fennel, as they contain flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, and terpenoids that have a blood sugar-lowering effect by inhibiting alpha-glucosidase. They can play a role in preventing oxidative stress associated with diabetes. Some people around the world have used herbal extracts as a treatment for diabetes, and they have been of great benefit, especially in the early stages of the disease.

Considering the spread of the COVID-19 virus in most countries of the world, it is necessary to pay attention to good and healthy food that enhance the defenses of the immune system in general against this virus. Maintaining the health of the immune system is the key to reduce the infection; in order to support and strengthen the immune system, the body is required nutrients that are rich in medical compounds, vitamins and nutrients that help the body to confront the emerging corona virus, COVID-19 Such as medicinal and aromatic plants that specialized in this aspect, which can be used fresh or dried herb or a capsule of volatile oils and has many medicinal uses, Peppermint is one of the plants that is characterized by rich composition of medicinal compounds, which is an effective treatment for many diseases as well as being a preventive factor for many of them, especially respiratory diseases.
Therefore, we will discuss in detail about the most important medical benefits of Mentha piperita and the influential role in strengthening the human immune system and preventing respiratory viruses, especially COVID-19.