Rafidain journal of science

Fifty clinical samples ( 20 Urinary Tract Infections, 20 wounds and 10 septicemia) were collected from Al-Salam general hospital in Mosul/ Iraq, and examined for Serratia spp. Diagnosis was done by conventional biochemical tests and confirmed by the API20E system (BioMeurix). Seven S. odorifera1 and three S. marcescens were identified. All ten strains were resistant to Ampicillin, Cefalexin, Chloramphenicol, Gentamycin and Tertracycline. Plasmid DNA was purified from five Serratia isolates and used to transform the Ampicillin - sensitive E. coli JM83 to Ampicillin resistant. Transformants were obtained at a frequency of (0.2-0.5)x10-4. Three S. marcescens and two S. odorifera1 were used to donate the antibiotic resistance to E. coli JM83 and E. coli JMP294. The frequency of conjugants ranged between (7-30)x 10-6. This indicates that resistance can transfer from pathogenic to non-pathogenic strains. This could constitute a serious heath problem to the public health

The present investigation includes study and determination of some vitamins (C, A and E), trace elements [iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg) and selenium (Se)] and electrolytes [sodium (Na+), potassium (K+) and chloride Cl-)] in serum of benign and malignant brain tumor patients compared with control group.
Blood samples (93) from brain tumors patients, and (65) blood samples from healthy subjects as control group are collected for the present study.
The results obtained show a significant decrease in the concentration of vitamins (C, A and E) and in the trace elements (Zn, Se). On the other hand a significant increase in the concentration of (Fe, Cu, Na+ and Cl-) were observed in the serum of benign and malignant brain tumor patients compared with the control group

A study on presence of antibodies to T. vaginalis in serum was done on a group of (67) infected women with T. vaginalis, and (75) pregnant asymptomatic women, (89) non-pregnant asymptomatic women.
A serologic test, done by Ouchterlony revealed that (22.6%) sera of pregnant asymptomatic women and (16.8%) sera of non- pregnant asymptomatic women were positive for somatic killed T. vaginalis antigens while (59.7%) sera of infected women were positive for somatic killed T. vaginalis antigens, but (7.4%) of these sera were positive for the soluble antigen of T. vaginalis antigens.
It was concluded that soluble trichomonal antigens present in association with living flagellates reacting with some sera, while those present in association with dead parasites are common antigens reacting with all the sera, also the study proved the infection with T. vaginalis occurs in subclinical or asymptomatic cases. The findings presented in this work offer a new tool for epidemiologic studies and open new perspectives for vaccinations

In the present study, antibacterial properties of four different extracts from Linum usitatissimum L. seeds were screened against four types of Gram-positive and negative bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using agar-well diffusion method and comparing their antibacterial activities with the antibiotics Ampicillin, Cefalexin, Chloramphenicol and Tetracycline. Petroleum ether extract demonstrated significant inhibitory effects against all tested bacteria using all extract concentrations compared with used antibiotics except chloramphenicol, the clearest activity was seen against K. pneumoniae using the extract concentration 50mg/cm3. Ethanol extract possessed considerable antibacterial activities against the pathogenic bacteria, the highest inhibitory effect was observed against B. cereus using the extract concentration 200mg/cm3, followed by aqueous extract which revealed good inhibitory action against Ps. aeruginosa using the same concentration. The weakest extract used was the chloroform extract which was only active against S. aureus. Thin-Layer Chromatography of petroleum ether extract indicated the presence of active fatty acids.

Metal complexes of general formula [ML2]Cl¬2 and [FeL2Cl2] where M is Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) and L is a Schiff base formed by condensation of 2-furaldehyde and 2-aminobenzothiazole (FABTZ), have been prepared and characterized by analytical, spectral, magnetic and conductance measurements . I.R. spectra show that the nitrogen of the azomethine group and oxygen of the furan ring take part in coordination. Magnetic measurements and electronic spectral studies suggest an octahedral structure for the Fe(II) complex, a square planar geometry for [Ni(FABTZ)¬2 ]Cl2 and [Cu (FABTZ)2] Cl2 complexes and tetrahedral geometry for Co(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) complexes. Conductance measurements show a 1:2 electrolytic nature of the complexes, with the exception of the [Fe (FABTZ)2]Cl2 compound.

The research was concerned with a study on the relationship between women breast cancer and some biochemical parameters. Blood samples have been drawn from (200) women breast cancer and (70) women apparently healthy as a control group; the age range was (35-70) years. The measured biochemical parameters included: the level of estrogen, progesterone hormones, total protein, albumin, globulin, cholesterol, triglycerides, lipoproteins (HDL, LDL) total lipids, some immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA and IgM) complement protein C3, C4 and peroxidase activity also had been measured in the study.
The results demonstrated significantly high values of estrogen, progesterone hormones, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, total lipid, and significantly high values in immunoglobulins IgA, IgG, C3 and C4.
There were also high values of sera peroxidase activity in women breast cancer in comparison with control group, and significantly low values in low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, no significant difference in globulin, cholesterol and immunoglobulin IgM was observed.

The research was concerned with isolation and characterization of peroxidase from breast cancer tissues using different biochemical techniques. Two proteinous components had been isolated by gel filtration chromatography from the precipitate produced by ammonium sulphate saturation. It was found that only the second peak had peroxidase activity.
The apparent molecular weight of the isolated peroxidase using gel filtration chromatography and SDS–electrophoresis was determined and found to be (39800) Dalton.
Finally, the research specifies the optimum conditions for peroxidase activity. Maximum activity was obtained using (20) mM of guaiacol as a substrate for the enzyme, sodium phosphate (150 mM) as a buffer at pH (6) for (5) minutes at (40) °C. Using linweaver–burk plot, it was found that maximum velocity (Vmax) and Michaelis constant (km) had the values of (135.37) µmol/ min and (2.56) mM respectively. The effect of some chemical compounds and drugs on the peroxidase activity was also studied. It was found that manganase chloride (MnCl2) showed a competitive inhibition on the activity of the enzyme at a concentration of (10) mmol

This study attempts to isolate the GST from serum of human in city center of Mosul. Three proteinous components had been isolated by gel filtration chromatography from the precipitate produced by ammonium sulfate. It was found that only the second peak had a high activity for GST. The apparent molecular weight of the isolated GST using gel filtration chromatography and SDS-PAGE was(24,717) and (24,807) dalton respectively.
Maximum activity for GST was obtained using (22.463) mmol/l of 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) as substrate, phosphate buffer (0.11 M/l) as a buffer at pH (6.4) for (12) minutes in incubation at (25)C. Using lineweaver–burk plot, the maximum velocity (Vmax) and Michaelis constant (Km) were (0.625) µmol/ min and (10.526) mmol/l respectively. Benzyl chloride inhibition on the GST activity were investigated and showed noncompetitive inhibition at a concentration of (30) mmol/l

A new series of complex salts of the type [RA]2[MCl4] [R=carbazole,indole or pyrrole,A=H or PhCH2;M= Pd(II) or Pt(II)], were prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance, IR and UV/Vis spectral studies and magnetic measurements.The results of UV/Vis spectral studies and magnetic measurements showed that the anions complexes have a square planar geometry.

The effect of transverse magnetic field on the sparking potential, I-V characteristics and electric field in rectangular discharge tube was measured. The experiments were conducted for the N2 gas pressure from )0.75 to 7.5 torr( and the applied transverse magnetic field up to )150 Gauss(. The results show that the magnetic field effect on sparking potential and I-V characteristics as increasing the equivalent pressure. Also it is found that axial electric field increase as the applied magnetic field increase

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of olive leaves on carbohydrate metabolism in male rabbits (8-10 weeks old). The animals were divided into 3 groups of six a animals each. The first and second groups were treated daily 10 weeks with olive leaves (2.5 With ration) and with olive leaves boiled extract (2500 mg/kg B.wt orally) respectively. The third group served as control. The results showed alterations in carbohydrate metabolism as manifested by the significant decrease in blood glucose levels and the accompanied changes in the chemical composition of liver as represented by the significant increase in the percentage of carbohydrate in the treated groups and protein in the groups treated with olive leaves in ration and in the thigh as represented by the significant increase in the percentage of protein in the treated groups and fat and carbohydrate in the groups treated with olive leaves with ration . the results also showed significant increase in the mean body weigh increment and feed efficiency in the group treated with olive leaves with vation

تم تنفيذ تجربتين في البيت الزجاجي باستخدام نباتات الذرة الصفراء وفول الصويا وباستخدام لقاح ال VAM للفطر Glomus mosseae والفطر Glomus etunicatum والفطر .Gigaspora sp لكل من النباتين وتحت أربعة مستويات من الفسفور (صفر، 25، 50، 100 جزء بالمليون) وتم إضافة اللقاح مع كل نبات بعد تعقيم التربة. واظهرت النتائج تبايناً كبيرا في تأثير الفطريات المختلفة على مدى الاستجابة في نمو النباتات المصابة. وحقق الفطر Glomus mosseae أعلى مستوى للاستجابة في نمو نباتات الذرة الصفراء ونسبة الاصابة، بينما تفوق الفطر Glomus etunicatum في تحقيق اعلى مستوى للاستجابة في نمو نباتات فول الصويا ونسبة الاصابة مقارنة ببقية الفطريات الاخرى قيد الدراسة. كما أظهرت قدرة واضحة من الارتباط المتخصص بين الكائنين المتكافلين فيما يتعلق بتحقيق الاستجابة المذكورة فضلاً عن اختلافهما في تحقيق نسب مختلفة من الاصابة في نباتات العائل وعموماً فقد ظهر أن مستويات الاصابة بالمايكورايزا الحوصلية - الشجيرية تنخفض مع إرتفاع مستويات الفسفور المضافة الى وسط النمو ولهذا فإن فطريات ال VAM سلكت سلوكاً متبايناً بالنسبة لمستويات الاصابة وذلك إعتماداً على نوع النباتات ومستوى الفسفور المضاف الى وسط النمو. وتشير النتائج الدراسة الحالية الى وجود توافق بين كل من الوزن الجاف والنسبة المئوية للاصابة ومستويات الفسفور المضاف في حالة تصاحبات الفطر Glomus mosseae ونباتات الذرة الصفراء والفطر Glomus etunicatum ونباتات فول الصويا.

The poisonous effect of Capparis spinosa and Citrullus colocynthis aqeous extracts were investigated on the growth of Leishmania major promastigotes in vitro. The results indicate that these extracts affect greatly the number of Leishmania major promatigotes at concentration between (1.75- 4.25) mg/ml for Capparis and (1.25 -2.5) mg / ml for citrullus respective. The decrease was gradual during the growth period. High concentration (4.25) mg/ml of Capparis plant extract caused about (73%) decrease in the number and (79%) at concentration on (2.5) mg / ml of citrullus extract at (96) hours of growth

148 samples were collected including 74 throat swabs and 74 Nasopharyngal swabs from children with ages from after birth to 12 years old. From day care centera and primary school in Mosul city, data about sex, age, type of feeding, Respiratory tract infections, smoking exposure and Scocio-economic state were recorded. Isolation and identification of Haemophilus influenza (Hi) were done depending on morphological and biochemical tests. The results showed that the carriage rate with Hi bacteria was 38.5%, 56%, of it was from Nasopharynx and 44% from throat as well as the carriage state in breast feeded children was 72%, while 26%, 2% in battle feeded and mixed feeded children respectively also it showed that the highest carriage rate was in the age group 4-6 years old with predominance of male. This study appeared that 24% of carriage were infected with respiratory tract infections and 80% of them were exposed to smoking, in addition the socioeconomic state showed an important effect on carriage rate it found that 52% of carriers were living in medium economic level, 30% in bad level, 18% in a good one.

Serum ˜5 -Nucleotidase , Alkaline phosphatase activities and Calcium concentration were measured in forty- two pregnant women with some bone diseases. As well as in twenty- five healthy women as control group. In comparison to control group. The results show significant increase in serum ˜5 -Nucleotidase and Alkaline phosphatase activities and Significant decrease in serum calcium concentration in all patients.

The effect of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Prosopis farcta fruits, Punica granatum fruit peels and Eucalyptus globules leaves singly and mixed on the growth of the yeasts Candida albicans and C. pseudotropicals was studied. Both aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Prosopis farcta fruits were more effective in inhibition of both species, followed by the extracts of Punica granatum fruit peels and Eucalyptus globules leaves. A significant difference in the inhibitory effect of all these extracts was seen. The combination of the extracts of the three medicinal plants for both aqueous and alcoholic extracts showed a significant increase in the inhibitory activity compared with a combination of Punica granatum fruit peels and Eucalyptus globules leaves which was in the second rank and Prosopis farcta fruits and Punica granatum fruit peel which lies on the third rank, and finally the Prosopis farcta fruits and Eucalyptus globules leaves

The F2 generation from half diallel crosses between five varieties of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (Intesar, Rabbeaa, Abu-Greeb-3, Adnanyi and Al-Eas) were used to estimate general combining ability for parental varieties, specific combining ability for their half diallel crosses in F2 generation, Inbreeding depression in F2 generation and Broad sense heritability for the following traits : plant height, number of tillers, number of spikes per plant , spike length , number of grains per spike, 100 seeds weight and grain yield per plant. The results indicated that there were additive and non- additive gene effect for all the studied traits. The non- additive gene effects is more important than the additive for determining these characters.
Some of hybrids showed positive values and significant Inbreeding depression F2 generation for studied traits on the other hand, some hybrids showed negative values and significant inbreeding depression in F2 generation for this studied traits.
Broad sense heritability estimate were high for: plant height, number for tillers per plant, number of spikes per plant, spike length, grain yield per plant, Medium for 100-grain weight, and low for number of grains per spike.

One proteinous component had been isolated from gel filtration chromatograghy of the full saturated precipitate produced by ammonium sulphate of the aqueous extract of the Cinnamomum cassia bark. The apparent molecular weight of the isolated component was found to be (6558) Dalton using gel filtration chromatograghy and (6732) Dalton using sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacryl amide gel electrophoresis. The results showed that the cold crude aqueous extract non- proteinous extract and proteinous component isolated from aqueous extract were lowered glucose level using a dose of 100 mg/kg weight. The percent decrease were (38%, 21% and 25%) respectively in normal mice, where as in diabetic mice, the proteinous component isolated from aqueous extract was the most effective in lowering glucose level using a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight where the percent decrease was 85%. Finally, the crude aqueous extract and proteinous component isolated from the cold aqueous extract showed a significant decrease in the level of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL-C) and low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) in normal mice. However, in diabetic mice, the cold non- proteinous extract was the most effective in lowering TC, TG, VLDL-C, LDL-C and HDL-C levels.

In this work, thermal stability of epoxy resin blended with polyurea- metal complexes were investigated using (TGA) and compared with the non- blended polyurea complexes. It was found that the polyureas alone exhibit thermal stability between 250-310 ْ C. The values of IDT decreased in the order PBU>POU> PPU>PTU, while the values of MDT is much closer to each other in the rang 335- 350 ْ C. The differences between TGA thermograms appeared in polyurea complexes were approximately diminished in epoxy blend thermograms especially in the region 300-500ْ C. The complete decomposition temperature for the blends are more than 600ْ C whilest, this temperature not exceeds 400 ْ C for epoxy resin alone. The average reference values IDT, MDT and (W%) 350 are 118ْ C, 386ْ C and 62% respectively for the untreated samples and raised to 180ْ C, 590 ْ C and 86% respectively for (alkaline or acidic) treated blends

The research included a biochemical study of lipid peroxidation and other antioxidants and their relation with Diabetes Mellitus (D.M.) type I (50 patients) and type II (100 patients). Measurement of some biochemical parameters were performed.
The results of statistical analysis showed a significant increase of malondialdehyde peroxy nitrite radical and superoxide dismutase activity in serum of patients with type II when compared with normal. A significant decrease was also observed in concentration of vitamin C, vitamin E, glutathione, selenium, ceruloplasmine, uric acid and zinc in serum of diabetic patients of both types and peroxy nitrite radical in type I only.
Other factors such as age, duration of the disease states, glucose concentration on lipid peroxidation and other antioxidants concentration were also performed. The results predicated that there was a significant increase in malondialdehyde with age in both types of diabetes and a significant decrease in serum concentration of vitamin C and E, glutathione with age in type II. A significant increase in MDA concentration with a decrease in vitamin C were also found in patients with increasing the duration of disease and a significant increase in malondialdehyde concentration with increasing blood glucose concentration, while there was a significant decrease in vitamin C and E concentrations.