AL-AMEED JOURNAL

This study is related to a semantic field concerning one of the most significant styles of Arabic prose—supplication—which encompasses a wealth of linguistic and semantic topics. The researcher examined the phenomenon of interweaving linguistic styles within a text that epitomizes eloquence and clarity: Imam al-Husayn’s (peace be upon him) Supplication of ‘Arafah. This supplication is among the most famous prayers narrated from the Prophet’s Household (peace be upon them all). Its merit lies in the fact that it is uttered directly by an infallible Imam and stands as an encyclopedic source of evidence affirming the general principles of Islamic creed, in addition to providing proof of the primary aim of every supplication: the necessity of expressing gratitude for the blessings of the Almighty (Glorified and Exalted be He).
The study presents examples from the supplication in which styles are intertwined, diverse, and complementary, producing intended meanings from the sum of these styles. This is an attempt to establish the intentionality of the author—something no one else could achieve—by employing them together and harnessing their different connotations to fulfill the intended purpose in the text.
The extracted material was divided into two topics: the first, the interweaving of binary styles, and the second, the interweaving of triple styles and more.

This scientific study is based on studying the Quranic words that represent a field of interpretive discrepancy between the scholars of Quranic rhetoric. However, despite this difference in the semantic view of the meanings of these words, it can be said that relying on the narrations of Imam Hussein (peace be upon him) is a solution to this content problem and a treatment to resolve this moral hesitation that leads to the scope of interpretive conflict sometimes or discord at other times. Accordingly, resorting to the narration of Imam Hussein represents an interpretive effect that is not disputed, especially if that narration issued by the Imam is based on a solid deductive logic. From here, this research work will focus on clarifying the disagreement in its explanation of the Quranic word, relying on the method of employing the decisive narrations of Imam Hussein (peace be upon him) in this field.

This research reveals a unique interpretive mechanism that we have observed in the words of Imam Hussein (peace be upon him), in which the Imam mentions a Qur'anic verse whose words do not clearly reveal its underlying intentions in a way that constitutes a full understanding for the recipient. The Imam then comments with a word or sentence that gives a statement that reveals a reason, outcome, or direction for the verse. This commentary is without lagging behind the verse and in harmony with its words, as if the verse had an omission and was completed by this commentary, as if the verse had an omission.
The research examines the function of these heels and the significance derived from them in the context of the verse that preceded them, and compares their significance with the sayings of the commentators on the verse. The research was divided in light of the meanings of the heels into axes, and we relied on the book (Encyclopedia of Imam Hussein's Words), a book in which the Imam's hadiths and his blessed biography were compiled.

Love and hate, or al-Walayah (love and loyalty) and al-Bara’ah (disavowal), are fundamental pillars of Islam, especially in Shia thought. Reports and narrations in authentic Shia sources indicate that Imam al-Ridha (peace be upon him), like his righteous forefathers, emphasized the issue of love and hate, both in his words and deeds, albeit through various methods. Tawalli (love and loyalty) towards the Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them), especially tabarri (disavowal) towards their enemies, has always been a subject of inquiry within Shia society. Imam al-Ridha (peace be upon him) cautioned against extremism in this area with his fundamental principles. Despite accepting the crown-princeship from al-Ma’mun, the Imam himself (peace be upon him) was disavowed of the government at that time. A historical and analytical study of the narrations and the biography of the Imam (peace be upon him) helps us to clarify the Imam’s thoughts and stances on love and hate and provide a clearer explanation of this matter.

It is a fantasy that humans live in isolation from other members of society, without interaction or communication. Developments and technology have enhanced the process of interaction and communication through smartphones and social media. These social relationships are widespread in all societal organizations, both formally and informally. This constitutes the foundation of social capital, the presence of which impacts the achievement of sustainable human development. Given the novelty of the concept of social capital and the limited coverage of this concept in studies and literature, the current research attempts to analyze social capital to understand its contribution to achieving sustainable development.
Social capital represents the capabilities, skills, and knowledge that enable the human element to perform its duties effectively. It is one of the best and most valuable forms of capital, contributing to social and economic development as a key and influential variable in the production process. Its importance continually increases with the successive changes that society undergoes. Therefore, social capital is one of the factors that contribute to the success of societies in general.

Rice is one of the important summer cereal crops in Iraq because of its nutritional value and its multiple human and animal uses. It ranks second after wheat, and the cultivation of rice in Al-Kifl district is an agricultural activity that occupies advanced positions at the level of Babylon Governorate, as this agricultural activity formed a region specialized in the cultivation of the summer rice crop in general. Babylon governorate came in third place with an area of (13,700) dunums. The total cultivated area in Al-Kifl district reached (62%). The study came to geographically analyses the climate elements and the extent of their impact on rice cultivation and production, and to identify the nature of the relationship between climate elements and the productivity of the rice crop Al-Kifl district, the study was conducted in four sections, the first section dealt with climatic requirements (sunlight, temperature limits, humidity and wind speed), while the second section dealt with climatic characteristics. The second research addressed the climatic characteristics of the study area, showing tables and graphs, the third research addressed the reality of the productivity of the rice crop, represented by identifying the quality of the soil, planting dates for the crop and irrigation methods with the rest of the inputs of the crop cultivation process and indicating the quantities of production and the cultivated area during a period of time (2019 - 2024). Finally, the fourth section dealt with statistical analysis models. Pearson's correlation coefficient (R) showed a positive relationship for the elements (solar radiation, temperature, wind speed) except (relative humidity, rainfall), which showed an inverse relationship with rice productivity. The multiple regression coefficient showed that the strength of the influence of climatic elements varied greatly on the productivity of rice in Al-Kifl district.

Al- Shaqshqiyya sermon represents a political, ethical, historical, and ideological address. It encompasses the complaint about the caliphate, then highlights Imam Ali Bin Abi Talib (PBUH) stressing the importance of enduring it, followed by the people's oath of loyalty to him. This study is regarded as a critical discourse analysis (CDA) of Imam Ali's Al- 7shqiyya sermon, exploring particular aspects like grammar, vocabulary, and different rhetorical techniques in this sermon to uncover its core ideology and aims to tackle the following questions: what grammatical, lexical, and rhetorical strategies are employed in Al-Imam's sermon? Secondly, how the previously discussed devices are employed in this sermon to uncover its hidden ideology?, therefore, this research aims to analyze the language techniques and reveal the hidden ideology present in the sermon. The study's procedure is divided in two sections: the initial section offers a summary of CDA, whereas the subsequent section primarily extracts the critical linguistic devices that Al-Imam Ali's sermon utilizes to uncover the hidden ideology.