Journal of the College of Islamic Sciences

This study explores the theme of the wishes of the inhabitants of Hell as portrayed in the Holy Qur’an. It specifically examines the moments in which those condemned express their wishes after experiencing the promised punishment and realizing with certainty that it is the undeniable truth from their Lord. These expressions of longing serve as profound ind
icators of their intense regret, as they come to the painful awareness that neither their pleas will be heard nor their hopes fulfilled. The door of repentance, once open in worldly life, is now irrevocably closed. The severe psychological and physical torment they endure only reinforces their conviction that the justice of Allah is absolute and inescapable

This manuscript is considered one of the most extensive, beneficial, clearly written, rare, and valuable marginal commentaries. It contains brilliant expressions and luminous meanings, reflecting a vast amount of knowledge. Scholars have received it with great approval and testified to the distinction of its author and his high standing in both the rational and transmitted sciences. Esteemed scholars and experts have studied it with care and confirmed the excellence of its commentator, recognizing his scholarly stature. His work became well known, and his name widely mentioned among scholars.May Allah reward its author with the best of rewards and grant him the greatest recompense. Upon discovering that this manuscript had not yet been studied or critically edited to unveil its benefits, I resolved—after placing my trust in Allah—to begin editing and investigating several pages of this work, examining the methodology of its author. This effort aims to support scholarly sources, contribute to the revival of hidden Islamic heritage, serve the Book of Allah, and benefit readers and researchers. Out of a desire to bring the precious treasures of our heritage to light, I have decided to title my research:

Freedom has occupied the minds of all people equally, so people were divided between those who support it and those who deny it. Some of them claim that freedom is for them and their own, like Judaism, and they forbid it to others, the illiterate e, non-Jess Same of them permit it for all people, regardless of their religions, races, and colors, but they restrict it with the restrictions of Sharia to preserve the interests of the servants, like Islam. Therefore, it was necessary to study the concept of freedom and distitigulsh.

This study provides a detailed examination of the legal provisions governing the obligatory bequest (al-waṣiyyah al-wājibah) in light of the legislative amendment introduced by the Kurdistan legislator in 2008 to the Iraqi Personal Status Law. The research begins by outlining the conceptual framework of the obligatory bequest, explaining its definition, conditions for execution, eligibility criteria, categories of beneficiaries, the portion allocated to them, and the stipulation that it must not exceed one-third of the estate.
The study then presents a critical analytical assessment of the mechanism for implementing the obligatory bequest for eligible beneficiaries under the Kurdistan amendment, comparing these provisions with their counterparts in Islamic Sharia and the Iraqi law, particularly in cases where the sons of full or paternal brothers—as agnatic heirs—are joined by the daughters of brothers, who are considered among dhawu al-arḥām (uterine relatives).
Furthermore, the research highlights areas of ambiguity and shortcomings in the amended legislative text on the obligatory bequest, such as the inclusion of categories not entitled to it, like uterine relatives, in contravention of the rules of Islamic inheritance. It also notes the omission of the principle, “to the male, a share equal to that of two females”, which results in either increasing or equalizing the shares of females compared to males of the same degree and strength of kinship. The study also points out the use of terminology inconsistent with the expanded scope of beneficiaries introduced by the amendment, supporting these observations with practical examples that illustrate the impact of the amended provisions on the distribution of inheritance shares.
In conclusion, the research recommends re-drafting the current legislative text to ensure its alignment with Islamic Sharia, eliminating existing contradictions, and establishing precise mechanisms for the distribution of the obligatory bequest to guarantee equity in shares and prevent conflicts between the principle of entitlement and the basis for the bequest’s transfer.

Abstract
This study addresses a critical examination of the hadith: “Burning the one who withholds alms (ghulul)”, due to its significant jurisprudential implications concerning the punishment for refusing to pay zakat, and the scholarly disagreement regarding its authenticity and the validity of acting upon it.
The research begins by emphasizing the importance of the topic, followed by the documentation and analysis of the hadith as cited in the primary sources of Sunnah. It includes a concise study of the narrators’ conditions, particularly focusing on Al-Walid ibn Muslim al-Shami—known for tadlīs—and ‘Uyaynah ibn Zuhayr ibn Muhammad al-Tamimi, through whom the isnād of the hadith is transmitted. The study also offers a thorough analysis of the chain of narration and the matn (text), along with a compilation of scholarly views concerning its authenticity
The findings reveal that a number of scholars—may Allah have mercy on them—have deemed the hadith weak for several reasons outlined in the study. Moreover, its content contradicts well-established authentic narrations that do not support the notion of burning those who withhold zakat. Consequently, the research concludes that the hadith is not sound and should not be relied upon. The majority of the scholars—may Allah have mercy on them—did not act according to its apparent meaning, nor did they approve of the act of burning. Rather, they considered the report to be anomalous or even rejected. And Allah knows best

The research examines Sheikh Ahmed bin Abdul Rahman Al-Muqri's (known as Kujak Hafiz) treatise on the "Takbeer" (saying "Allahu Akbar") when concluding the Quran. It explores the origin, legitimacy, forms, and positions of Takbeer according to the narration of Al-Buzzi and Qunbul from Ibn Katheer. It also discusses scholarly disagreements on whether Takbeer starts at the beginning or end of Surah Ad-Duha and presents the various methods of performing Takbeer between surahs.

This research addresses an important jurisprudential principle related to the principle of accusation and its impact on the issuance of legal rulings. Accusation is considered a presumption when there is a preponderance of suspicion, and is sometimes used to prevent or invalidate certain actions, to prevent corruption and block pretexts. This research also addresses the issue of the impact of accusation on the construction of legal rulings, the conditions for their consideration, and their controls. The research plan includes an introduction, a preface, and three chapters in which we define terminology, the causes of accusation and its types, and the applications of this principle.

This research is entitled: "The Narrations of Abu Salih Bazam from Ibn Abbas in the Tafsir of Zad al-Masir, Surah An-Nisa – From Narration (1) to Narration (5)", and aims to shed light on one of the lesser-known figures among the Tabi'in, namely Abu Salih (Bazam). This thesis carefully examines the exegetical narrations transmitted through Abu Salih Bazam, focusing on collecting and analyzing the narrations reported by him—especially those he narrated from one of his prominent teachers, Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both)—in a detailed and thorough manner.

This is a study of semantic letters, specializing in the interrogative and conditional meanings of "anna" and their syntactic analysis in the Holy Quran. It examines the views of linguists, grammarians, and commentators on this topic, and highlights their differences.
This tool is considered one of the few tools used in Arabic speech, compared to its counterparts, interrogative and conditional tools. It is frequently used in the Quran in specific constructions with intended meanings, often allowing for more than one meaning in a single context. Therefore, it is necessary to examine this tool, which is neglected by many, and to clarify the secrets of its use by citing its meanings and syntactic analysis, taken from books of Quranic commentary, Quranic sciences, and some grammar books.
"Anna" is used with nouns - both apparent and implied - in a few places, and with present tense verbs in most of the Holy Qur’an. It is mostly interrogative, and takes on the meaning of astonishment and denial, whether it is for the state meaning: how; or for the place meaning: from where; or for the time meaning: when.

This study is concerned with researching and investigating the concept of the word and explaining its interpretation in the Quranic texts, and the study also investigates the position of speakers on the statement of the meaning of the word according to their verbal debates with Christians. This is based on their rational explanations of the doctrine. While many of their verbal views expressed in the concept (word) naturally stem from a traditional Substratum, countless of them are the result of dialectical discussions expounded by theologians about the abstract structures of religious doctrine. According to their diverse approaches, the speakers have sought to explore outstanding investigations in Quranic research, trends and recent conceptual achievements with the concept of (the word), providing an insight into the ability to expand and a greater understanding of new findings.

Theology is one of the most important topics in theology, as it addresses issues related to proving the existence of God, His oneness, His names, attributes, and actions. Imam jalal alddin al-Khabbazi (may God have mercy on him) is one of the scholars who addressed theology in a style that combined both tradition and reason, which led him to develop an integrated approach that combines textual reasoning with rational transcendence

The lack of women’s intelligence does not mean a decrease in their competence, and it is absolutely impossible to understand from the authentic hadith (they are deficient in reason and religion) that women are deficient in intelligence compared to men. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, did not intend to criticize women and detract from their intellect and that they are inferior to men’s intellect. Rather, it has a special meaning.This is done by explaining what he, peace and blessings be upon him, meant in a clear and direct interpretation, without the need to take what he, peace and blessings be upon him, said as a rumor in order to diminish her reason, by saying: (So it was asked, O Messenger of God, what is the deficiency in her intelligence? He said: Isn’t the testimony of two women the testimony of a man?) Taking into account the difference in biological, physiological and hormonal systems and aspects according to the organic systems that distinguish it from the man first, and its cerebral structure and its connection to emotion second, therefore Islam approves the equality between males and females a relative equality based on the Almighty’s saying (and the male is not like the female), which entails legal rulings that came in the Holy Qur’an and the noble Sunnah of the Prophet.

Through this research, the researchers attempted to clarify the position of Islamic Sharia on benefiting from modern technologies in our present age, citing Quranic texts, Prophetic Hadiths, and the sayings of scholars well-versed in jurisprudence and Sharia. They also praised the contributions of Islamic scholars throughout the centuries in serving human civilization and not lagging behind the bandwagon of civilization and development. They demonstrated that Islam was not an impenetrable barrier to development and technology, but on the contrary, it encouraged science and learning through its texts. The research is divided into three sections. The first section sheds light on the concept of modern technology, its importance, and its nature in education. The second section addresses the contributions of scholars in developing Islamic sciences. The third section refers to the Islamic perspective on technology in general. The research concludes with a conclusion and the most important sources

This research deals with the personality of Imam Muhyiddin Kara Jalabi (d. 965 AH), one of the Hanafi jurists in the Ottoman era, It also addresses the issue of Alkafala Book. The first research focuses on introducing Imam Kara Jalabi (may Allah have mercy on him) by mentioning his name, lineage, and titles, especially the title "Jalabi" and its historical significance.

That God Almighty has legislated the provisions and laws that are for the good of this nation, and they are distributed in the Holy Qur’an, and Surat Al-An’am is one of the Meccan suras, which has included an aspect of these divine legislations that aim to achieve the reform of the individual and society, as the Islamic legislation is a legislation that is characterized by perfection. A neighborhood capable of evolving according to time and place, so this research came to take a look at what God Almighty legislated for His servants from the rulings, so it became clear that the surah included two parts of the legislation, the first is a section that God commanded and the other is a section that He forbade. These legislations varied and included many aspects of them in worship, transactions and morals forming through their compliance with what was stated in the content of these verses a society that transcends high by applying these provisions, which are all in their interest, whether in religion of the world, and we will discuss Surat Al-An’am Because of the verses stipulated on these legislation.

Abstract:
The book Qala'id al-Jaman fi Fawa'id Shu'ara' Hadha al-Zaman (Necklaces of Pearls on the Excellences of Poets of this Time) by the Mosulist Ibn al-Sha'ar is considered one of the most important works that has discussed in detail the poets and scholars of al-Andalus. In his aforementioned book, Ibn al-Sha'ar presented concise biographies, reviewed their lives and major works in a clear style. This is evident from the methodology followed by Ibn al-Sha'ar, who was meticulous in collecting biographies from reliable sources, most notably Andalusian sources.

This research is a balance between Al-Jawhari’s interpretive statements and the sayings of the great commentators, through which it becomes clear that Al-Jawhari was not a burden on interpretation. Rather, it benefited major commentators, and other commentators benefited from it, so Al-Jawhari’s sayings are considered authentic sources of interpretation, as his opinions agreed with the opinions of many commentators.
Through my collection of Al-Jawhari’s sayings regarding the interpretation of Qur’anic words, it became clear to me that many of them were transmitted from scholars who preceded him.
Given the importance of Qur’anic readings and their connection to Arabic dialects, and considering them among the most eloquent speech of the Arabs, I found that Al-Jawhari referred to those readings, attributing some of them to their reader, and sometimes not attributing them.
This research also reveals Al-Jawhari’s exegetical side, his interest in Quranic verses and readings, and famous sayings, and his benefit from them, in addition to his interest in the linguistic origin of vocabulary.

Imam Ibrahim bin Ishaq Al-Harbi (198-285 AH) is considered one of the most prominent scholars who quoted his issues and sayings from Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal. He quoted very many issues from him, and he quoted them according to their chronological occurrence, which indicates the amazing memorization of this imam and the utmost mastery. On the importance of Ibrahim Al-Harbi’s narration of the issues of Imam Ahmad, his narration is the narration of an imam to an imam. They were two imams in their time who revered each other. Therefore, this research came to introduce Imam Ibrahim Al-Harbi, then explain the status of his narration, and then present some of the issues of

This research explores the concept of dignified demeanor (al-samt al-hasan) in the Prophetic tradition and its educational and social impacts on society. It defines the term linguistically and contextually, and highlights its presence in both the Qur'an and Sunnah. The study then examines how this trait manifests in the life of a practicing Muslim and analyzes its significant role in promoting values, modeling good character, and fostering a positive and respectful educational environment. The findings emphasize that dignified demeanor is more than outward appearance; it reflects inner virtue and serves as a crucial tool for effective education and community development.

This research addresses the relationship between Sharia politics and sustainable development in light of contemporary Islamic thought, attempting to explore the extent to which Islamic jurisprudential and political frameworks can provide an alternative development model that achieves justice and sustainability in Islamic societies. It also attempts to explore the extent to which Islamic political principles are compatible with the concepts of sustainable development, which are among the pivotal issues in the contemporary world. The research is based on a main hypothesis, which is that Sharia politics - as a mechanism for achieving the objectives of Sharia - possesses the principles and values that qualify it to contribute effectively to achieving sustainable development in its various economic, social, environmental, and political dimensions. The research was divided into an introduction and two chapters, each containing two requirements: the introduction: the conceptual framework, vocabulary, and title. The first chapter will address Shariah politics and the dimensions of sustainable development. The second chapter revolves around the interaction of contemporary Islamic thought with development issues and Shariah politics. Finally, the conclusion includes the most important results and recommendations.

Imam Al-Hazimi is considered one of the people who memorized the hadith, its chains of transmission, and its narrators in the hadith, its chains of transmission, and its narrators in his time. He was one of the most prominent and accomplished imams in the fifth century AH. He wrote many works, the most important of which was his book Al-Nasikh wa Al-Mansukh, in which he listed the hadiths that had been abrogated and explained the degree of abrogation and abrogation in them. As part of his ruling on the hadiths, he had a speech about the justifications for the hadiths in terms of support and text, so that after his explanation the validity of the abrogation with this effect or its absence would be determined, I looked at those justifications in order to show through them the power of giving preference to those who agreed with him, and to explain those who disagreed with him in order to reach the strength of the argument between them, and we may be exposed implicitly to the Imam’s approach in The reasons are important examples to explain the forms of the reason and its meaning.

Islamic law included many sciences, including the science of the fundamentals of jurisprudence, which is the cornerstone in understanding Islamic law and deriving its provisions. Throughout its history, it has witnessed a remarkable development by a number of scholars, including Imam Ibn al-Salah, who wrote in the science of fundamentals of jurisprudence his book (Adab almufti wa al Mustafati). The research came to highlight the life of Imam Ibn al-Salah and his method in quoting from the Holy Qur'an, the Prophet's Sunnah and the narrations of the companions and followers. The Locations of the citation Were tracked and analyzed to reveal the features of his method of reasoning. The results showed that his approach was characterized by scientific precision in selecting texts and employing them to serve the objectives of the fatwa and establish the ethics of the mufti and the fatwa-seeker. The research highlights the importance of his approach in establishing fatwas that are controlled by texts and the sayings of the predecessors.

This research aims to reveal the advice of the jurists to the Umayyad princes and caliphs in Andalusia and their opposition to them during the period extending between (138-422 AH / 755-1030 AD). The jurists had a major role in the stability of the state. When the princes and caliphs take the opinion, advice and counsel of the jurists, it will be reflected This had a positive effect on the subjects' tranquility and obedience to the authorities, due to the status and love that the jurists possessed among the public. However, when some rulers tried to antagonize the jurists and remove them from their courts, they encountered strong opposition that threatened the very existence of their state. Sometimes, the opposition took the form of conspiracies aimed at overthrowing the ruler, and at other times, the opposition expanded to the point of calling for a revolution against the authorities.

The research titled "The Methodology of Sheikh Ibn al-Arabi in His Book, "Reflecting the Meanings of Ambiguous Verses to the Meanings of Clear Verses," serves the Holy Quran. It sheds light on an author who has long served the Holy Quran, specifically in his writings, in which he seeks to clarify the meanings of Quranic verses whose meanings God has reserved for Himself, by attributing their meanings to other clear verses or authentic hadiths, thus dispelling the doubts that enemies of religion seek to raise. This eminent scholar has a distinguished position in defending the Holy Quran and exonerating God Almighty from anything that is unbecoming of His greatness and majesty. It is of paramount importance for researchers to seek to clarify the methods of such figures by examining their paths and emulating them. All of this is aimed at attaining God's pleasure in clarifying the meanings of His great verses to refute the enemies of religion in every time and place.

The research concludes with the following points:
1. What is meant by "paths" are the paths leading to the cause, and "suitability" is one of these paths, which is the subject of agreement among the majority of legal theorists who believe in analogy.
2. The viewpoints of the fundamentalists differed in their explanation of the concept of appropriateness. Some of them held that it was what was in accordance with reason, and some of them held that it was what brought benefits and warded off harm, that is, according to the perspective of the objectives of the Sharia.
3. The appropriateness is proven in its strength, some of which are certain, some are conjectural and some are probable.
4. The appropriateness has many divisions and different considerations.
5. The cause may be invalidated in some cases if the correlation does not fit the causality, thus violating it in various places.
6. Violation of the appropriateness if the conditions of appropriateness are not met, and the effect of this violation is on the jurisprudential issues.

The optimal method in evaluation and education is to follow an approach that combines encouragement and deterrence. This research reviews a number of educational models in light of the Prophetic Sunnah under the theme of punishment and rebuke for the learner. It emphasizes, first and foremost, the importance of the teacher’s intention, which must stem from care and love. Punishment should never be for its own sake or out of spite.
The research highlights several guidelines that should govern a teacher’s application of punishment. The Prophet Muhammad was the exemplary teacher of the nation, as the noble companion Muʿāwiya al-Aslamī (may Allah be pleased with him) described: “I never saw a teacher better than him.” Among these guidelines are: that the teacher should not generalize punishment unjustly, nor should his aim be to dominate students or prove himself superior. He must distinguish between punishment and humiliation, avoid arrogance, and maintain humility and gentleness with his learners, who often learn more from his conduct than from his words. Therefore, he should refrain from obscenity, insults, and offensive speech.
Furthermore, the teacher must ensure that punishment does not cause lasting harm to the learner. He should not impose tasks or duties that exceed the students’ capacity, and must avoid unfair favoritism or discrimination without valid educational purpose. Finally, punishment should be applied gradually and proportionately, so that the educational process achieves its intended goal
The Researcher

This study explores (the science of diacritics), developed to preserve the Qur’an and ensure accurate recitation. Initiated by Abū al-Aswad al-Duʾalī with vowel dots and later refined by al-Khalīl ibn Aḥmad with symbols for hamzah, elongation, and gemination, it grew into an independent discipline with precise phonetic signs.
Despite minor differences between Eastern and Western scholars, the core aim remained safeguarding the Qur’an. The discipline also protected the Arabic language, supported Qur’anic education, and influenced grammar and qirāʾāt, making it a vital cultural achievement in service of the Muslim community

The present study aims to investigate the effectiveness of a proposed program based on creative thinking in developing awareness of metacognitive skills and creative oral expression skills among fifth-grade intermediate students. The researcher employed both descriptive and experimental approaches, utilizing a quasi-experimental design consisting of two groups: an experimental group and a control group. Research instruments were applied pre- and post-intervention to measure the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variables. The study sample consisted of 60 fifth-grade intermediate students, divided into two groups: an experimental group comprising 30 students and a control group comprising 30 students. The researcher employed the following instruments: a checklist of metacognitive skills, a checklist of creative oral expression skills, a scale for measuring metacognitive skills, a scale for measuring creative oral expression skills, and a program based on creative thinking. The study results revealed the effectiveness of the proposed creative-thinking-based program in enhancing awareness of metacognitive skills and creative oral expression skills.

This research examines the biography of the noble companion Ju'ayl ibn Suraqa al-Damri (may Allah be pleased with him). He is a prominent figure from the early days of Islam, and deserves careful study, given the discrepancies in the sources surrounding his lineage. He is sometimes referred to as Ju'ayl al-Damri, and at other times as Ju'ayl al-Ghifari. By tracing narratives and comparing statements, I have attempted to prove that both lineages—whether Damri or Ghafari—originate back to the Adnanite tribe of Kinanah. This resolves the contradiction and demonstrates the unity of The tribal root unit of this noble companion.

This research addresses the inference based on the fundamental principles of Islamic jurisprudence in interpreting the Holy Quran in the book "Al-Jami' li Ahkam al-Qur'an al-Karim" by Imam al-Qurtubi (may Allah have mercy on him). Imam al-Qurtubi is a master of the principles of Islamic jurisprudence (Usul al-Fiqh), jurisprudence (Qur'anic jurisprudence), and the sciences of Islamic jurisprudence. I have never before encountered research that addresses the inference based on the fundamental principles of Islamic jurisprudence in interpreting the verses of the Holy Quran. The importance of this research lies in its connection to the Book of God Almighty, the Holy Quran, its connection to the science of the principles of I…

Most of the disagreements in the branches of jurisprudence are based on disagreement over the fundamental principles, because they are the basis for constructing rulings. There is no issue on which the jurists differed except that the reason for the disagreement between them was their disagreement over interpreting the fundamental meaning of the text, The difference in understanding the legal text, doubt about the authenticity of the hadith, contradiction of evidence, difference in the meanings of words, and the occurrence of errors in deriving the ruling - I found that this difference has a great impact in expanding the scope of ijtihad and removing hardship from the nation in many matters Since the meaning of the Qur’anic term (la janah) can sometimes be taken to mean permissibility, sometimes to be recommended, and sometimes to be obligatory, it must be mentioned that the fundamentalist disagreements of the scholars of the principles of jurisprudence are all based on established principles and rules known to the people of knowledge and expertise. Therefore, the reliance of the people of jurisprudence on the science of the principles of jurisprudence is based on solid, secure ground.

The technique of simile serves as a primary component for poets in embodying their emotions and as a foundational means for clarification and approximation. Just as it brings together distant comparisons (the compared and that which is compared to), it also bridges the interactive distance between the poet and the recipients through the projections that recipients make in their interpretations and reception of the text, Thus, the poet's aim of engaging recipients is achieved by placing them at the core of the latent comparative imagery, This is accomplished through the poet's proficiency in crafting similes derived from the recipients' reality in new forms ,In the interweaving of the rhetoric of religious contexts with the technique of simile, the discourse of the context is completed, the appropriate style is coupled with the suitable topic, and the verbal composition harmonizes with the semantic at both surface and deep structural levels, From this emerge aesthetic rhetorical images captured through comparative techniques. The rhetoric of simile, originating from the foundational rhetorical source of religious contexts derived from the Holy Quran (the origin of Arabic rhetoric), takes shape ,This research seeks to demonstrate the rhetoric and aesthetics formed by the technique of simile in both its types (simple and compound) and its interaction with adjacent structural techniques. This reveals what is concealed in the poet's perceptions, thus completing the process of transmitting these perceptions to recipients who imbue them with their own interpretations based on the proximity of the similes to their experiences, consciousness, and understanding,Through rhetorical analysis of Al-Shihab Al-Mansuri's poetry where the technique of simile appears, the research is divided into two sections: the first addressing )Simple Simile( and the second )Compound Simile,(These are preceded by an explanation of the key concepts of the research and followed by a conclusion highlighting the most significant findings.
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This study is concerned with researching and investigating the concept of the word and explaining its interpretation in the Quranic texts, and the study also investigates the position of speakers on the statement of the meaning of the word according to their verbal debates with Christians. This is based on their rational explanations of the doctrine. While many of their verbal views expressed in the concept (word) naturally stem from a traditional Substratum, countless of them are the result of dialectical discussions expounded by theologians about the abstract structures of religious doctrine. According to their diverse approaches, the speakers have sought to explore outstanding investigations in Quranic research, trends and recent conceptual achievements with the concept of (the word), providing an insight into the ability to expand and a greater understanding of new findings.