Journal of Kerbala for Agricultural Sciences

The objective of this research to study the effect of different oocytes recovery
techniques on yield and quality of oocytes in local caprine ovaries. 180 ovaries were
collected from adult and non-pregnant 90 females, slaughtered at abattoir of province
of Babil during the period between April – November 2016, in an insulate container
and transported to the laboratory within 2 hours. Oocytes were recovered by three
techniques viz. slicing , puncture, and aspiration of follicle. Oocytes were categorized
into three classes, first class: good quality oocytes with more than 3 layers of cumulus
cells, second class: intermediate quality oocytes with less than 3 layers of cumulus
cells, third class: poor quality oocytes, denuded oocytes from cumulus cells. The
study showed that the total number of oocytes recovered and the number of oocytes
recovered per ovary were significantly higher (P<0.05) in slicing (438 and 7.3±0.01
respectively) and punctures (384 and 6.4+0.88 respectively) compared to aspiration
technique (243 and 3.9±0.20 respectively). The results of study also indicated that the
total number of oocytes recovered, the number of oocytes recovered per ovary and
the percentage of recovered oocyte for good quality oocytes were significantly higher
(P<0.05) when using the slicing technique (275 , 4.58 and 62.87% respectively), and
the puncture technique (202, 3.36 and 52.60% respectively) compared to aspiration
technique (110 , 1.83 and 47.00% respectively). The results obtained suggested that
the slicing method is the proper technique for recovering oocytes with good morphological
aspects and quality.

In this study commercial broiler hybrid (Hubbard) was used to detect the
T3199C SNP in the fourth intron of chicken GH gene and investigate its effect on the
productive and physiological performance in broiler chicken. PCR- RFLP method
was used to identify this SNP. The results revealed that two genotypes were found when using of Msp1 restriction enzyme wild genotype TT and heterozygous TC.
Highly significant difference (p<0.01) was found between the distribution of the different
genotypes, the genotype TT had the highest percentage followed by TC and allele
T had the superiority over allele C, no significant effect of the two genotypes on
the productive traits in broiler breed of study, significant effect (p<0.05) of the two
genotypes were found on the total protein concentrations of blood serum at 14 days
of age and on the total protein and glucose concentration of blood serum at 42 days of
age.

In this study commercial broiler hybrid (Hubbard) was used to detect the T3094C
SNP in the fourth intron of chicken GH gene and investigate its effect on the productive
and physiological performance in broiler chicken. PCR- RFLP method was used to identify this SNP. The results revealed that three genotypes were found when using
of Msp1 restriction enzyme wild genotype TT, heterozygous TC and mutant CC.
Highly significant difference (p<0.01) was found between the distribution of the different
genotypes, the genotype TT had the highest percentage followed by TC then
CC, allele T had the superiority over allele C, also significant differences (p<0.05)
were found in mean of the weekly live body weight and weekly weight gain at 4, 5
and 6 weeks of age, and there was significant effect (p<0.05) of the T3094C SNP on
the mean of carcass weight and relative weight of thighs between the different genotypes,
the T3094C SNP was affect significantly (p<0.05) on the mean of blood serum
total protein concentration at 14 days of age and on the mean of blood serum total
protein and glucose concentration at 42 days of age .

The experiment was carried out in the poultry at Babylon to study the effect of
Humic Acid in the diet on performance of Ross 308 Broiler chicks During the first
period which extended form the 1st to the 6th week The period From 20/1/2017 to
5/3/2017 . A total of 180 one day old chicks were used , chicks were allocated randomly
in to 4 equal treatments, 45 chicks for each treatment , each treatment was included
3 equal replicates, 15 chicks for each one. Treatments were arranged as follow:
The T1 treatments fed of Basal diet (Control group) and T2 treatments fed supplemented
with Basal diet + 2.4 g/kg Humic Acids and T3 treatments fed supplemented
with Basal diet + 4.8 g/kg Humic Acids and T4 treatments fed supplemented
with Basal diet + 7.2 g/kg Humic Acids .
Results showed the following ; Addition of Humic Acids in the diet Broiler chicks
during the period (1-6) week of the experiment , had a significant effect ) P≤0.05( on
body weights of Broiler chicks and accumulative feed consumption , accumulative
weights gain and feed conversion rate as compared with the control treatment. Addition
of Humic Acid significant effect on Carcass traits (Dressing percentage , The
relative weight of the various Parts and Internal organs ) in comparison with control
treatment .

The goats and sheep follicular fluid (FF), LHRH-a (Luteinizing hormone releasing
hormone-analog), and some dopamine antagonists were used to stimulate common
carp( cyprinus carpio) . The study included 24 females and 18 males and divided into
4 experiments. The results showed no significant differences between the females
control group and the females treated in the first experiment, which used the FF for
goats , motilium and a quarter of the amount of pituitary gland in its ratio and
response time, total egg intake , quantity of eggs per kilogram of female and egg
diameter with a reduction in injection cost 66.83%, while the males treatment were
highly significantly ( P≤0.01) than males control of ratio and response time, total
sperm volume, sperm volume per kilogram, and reduction in injection cost 87.64%
.The results of the second experiment were significantly higher (P ≤0.05) than those
of the control group on the treated females when the follicular fluid was used for
goat, industrial hormone and metoclopramide, although the injection cost was
reduced by 57%, while there were no significant differences between treatment and
control males when used FF of goats and Metoclopramide with reduced injection cost
of 88.21% . Also high significantly (P ≤0.01) female control group in the third
experiment injected with pituitary extract on females treatment injected with
follicular fluid for goat only .For the sheep follicle in the fourth experiment, the
control females injected with the pituitary extract were significantly higher (P ≤0.01)
than the females treated with follicular fluid for sheep, motilium and pituitary extract,
while no significant difference was observed between males treated and control with
reduced injection cost of 88.67% .

The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of oxidative factors on sperm quality
(motility, viability, and abnormality) through the estimation of enzymatic antioxidant
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) , Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) , and Total antioxidant
capacity (TAC). And oxidative marker Malondialdehyde (MDA), and 8-
Hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in different thawing temperature and duration
(37ºc for 30secnd as control group , 40ºc for 20second and 50ºc for 10second) to determine
the optimum temperature and duration which improve the seminal quality
and developed the ability of fertilization during Artificial Insemination(AI). The semen
was collected from the Frizian-holeshtine bull in Abo-Graib AI center then; they
have been diluted, packed, cooled and frozen according to the protocol of AI-center.
30 straws of each bull was supplied and divided in to 3 group to conduct physiological
and biochemical test. The physiological had been conducted to determine the effect
of thawing state of semen on the (Motility%, Viability%, and Abnormalities %).
Biochemical test had been conducted on seminal plasma to measure (SOD, GPx,
TAC, MDA, 8-OHdG).The result show significant increase (p<0.01) in the viability
and motility (p<0.05) and significant decrease in abnormality , MDA and 8-OHdG
concentration in thawing state of (50°c for10second) compared with control state
(37ºc for 30second) which demonstrated high significant increase in motility, abnormalities
and (MDA, 8-OHdG , SOD , GPx and TAC) concentration. Also the study
show negative correlation between (MDA, 8-OHdG) and motility, viability and negative
correlation with abnormalities . Also show that there was positive correlation between
(SOD, GPx, TAC) with viability and motility and negative correlation with
abnormalities.

The experiment was carryout in the Fields of Agriculture College - Al-qadisiyah
University during the winter season 2014-2015 using pot capacity per 20kg as experimental
unit which used the design of Random Complete Block Design R.C.B.D with
three repeater, in order to know the effect of magnetized a nutritive Setter-2 on growth of some wheat varietes. Results showed the existence of significant influence
of treatments in the Experiment excelled treatment latifia variet compared with the
rest of the variet in the status of a length of plant, number of tillers, the number of
leafs, leaf area, , number of spike and dry weight as it reached 55.4 cm , 4.47 , 15.58 ,
51.0 cm2 , 4.87 and 40.28gm respectively while tammoz variet less than all at the
characteristic in the experiment. It has a significant influence of magnetized a nutritive
in most of the characteristic such as length of plant , number of tillers, leaf area,
number of spike and dry weight it reached 53.9 cm , 6.67 , 43.7 cm2 , 4.60 and
37.76gm. but the interaction of treatments did not significant influence in most of the
characteristic, nevertheless noted that the interaction between treatment latifia variet
with the magnetized nutritive gave the highest results in most of the characteristic.
Concluded from experience that there is a significant positive effect in most characteristic.
So can use magnetic technical with the nutritive (Setter -2) of some of the variets
to obtaining the highest characteristic of growth.

The study was carried out using plastic pots in the Department of Biology- College
of Education for Pure Sciences / Karbala University during the growing season
(2015-2016) to study the effect of the interaction between different levels of water
stress and proline acid in some growth indicators of the sun flower plant, which included
(plant height , number of leaves, Leaf area, dry matter content and dry weight
of root system). Factional experiment within a completely randomized design (C.R.D.) with three
replications was applied . The experiment included three concentrations of proline acid
(0, 30 and 60) mg. L -1 and three levels of water stress (100%, 75%, 50%) of the
field capacity. The experiment included 27 units (experimental unit). The results were
statistically analyzed and the averages were measured using the least significant difference
below the probability level of 0.05.
The results showed that the added water level of 100% of the field capacity value
gave the highest values for the studied traits (plant height, number of leaves, leaf area,
dry matter content and dry weight of root system). It was also sprayed with proline
acid with a concentration of 60 mg. L -1 gave higher values for the abovementioned
traits. Meanwhile showed bilateral interactions between the levels of water
stress and proline acid showed a various effect on the studied traits.

Orseolia oryzae one dangerous pests that cause a great loss to the Oryza sativa
L. crop, used markers Simple Sequence Repeats based polymerization reactions
chained to the detection of resistance genes to disease. the DNA isolate of rice leaves
after 25 days from sowing .using Genomic DNA plant kit Protocol to extraction , the
amount of DNA in good range (125-589) ng / μl purity of 08.01 to 09.01. migrated
samples on the gel akaros after completing the PCR program results showed three
primers with sixteen cultivar ,The range of molecular size between (1156.84-
197.768bp).the primer RM23956 reached to highest number of 16 alleles While the
lowest number of 11 alleles recorded RM28574 primers. The Polymorphism information
content (PIC) which is a reflection of the diversity of allelic and repetition allelic
between varieties ranged value between (0.9837-0.8807(. As ranged gene diversity
values between 0.9772 -0.8906 . the primers RM23956 which reveals gane GM1
in twelve genotypes followed by the RM28574 which reveals gane GM11 in seven
genotypes either the primers RM547 which reveals gane GM4 in five genotypes, as
the results showed that the abaa1 cultivars of the contains three genes

genetic diversity of the eleven varieties of Oryza sativa L using molecular indicators
collaboration with Mashkhab research center in the Najaf. Use polymerase
chain reaction based the indicators Simple Sequence Repeats ,the DNA isolated from
fresh leaves rice after 25 days from sowing using Genomic DNA plant kit Protocol .
the amount of DNA in good range (125-589) ng/μl purity of 1.8-1.9 . after agarose
gel electrophoresis & staining with ethidium bromide. results showed that 64 alleles
using 13 primers. The range of molecular size between (1015.402-115.423bp).
RM3412 primer reached the highest number of 8 alleles While the lowest number of
alleles of 2 alleles recorded RM201,RM10772 primers. The Polymorphism information
content (PIC), which is a reflection of the diversity of allelic and repetition allelic
between varieties ranged value between (0.0830- 0.8434) . As ranged genetic
dimension values between )0.0868 -0.8595( . Record all of the primer RM3412
higher values Heterozygote reached 1. this primers (RM3412 and RM8085) to give a
distinctive genetic fingerprinting of three varieties under study. The lowest genetic
distance 0.3269 between varieties 2 and 3 this means there is a high degree of similarity.
The genetic similarity of all varieties and compositions ranged betwee ) 0.1154
- 0.6731) depend on the genetic distance that ranging from( )0.8846- 0.3269) which
refers to the large genetic diversity ranged from)%32- %88( (and this reveals a high
genetic variation between varieties making it hereditary rich sources. Results showed
of the Cluster analysis to 2 major groups (Main Cluster) at the level of the similarity
of 0.12..

Separation of some secondary compounds in the bark of Salix alba L. trees was
carried out. Sequence extraction with two different polar solvents (Petroleum ether as
a non polar solvent and Ethanol 95 % polar solvent) was done using Soxhlet apparatus
in order to prepare the crude extract. High performance liquid chromatography
(HPLC) was used for chromatographic separation, identification and also determination
of some secondary compounds and its percentages. The results were showed a
remarkable variation in the kind, number, percentage and the peak area (represented
the concentration) of each separated compound. Citric acid, Acetylsalicylic acid and also Cinnamic acid were identified. Acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin) was isolated for the first time from the bark of Salix alba L. trees

A nanohybrid compound PG-ZnO was prepared using sol-gel ion exchange
method between the antioxidant propyl gallate and zinc oxide . The new nanoantioxidant
compound was identified. FT-IR spectroscopy revealed the appearance of new
groups in the PG-ZnO spectrum which indicates the formation of new antioxidant .
The X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) spectrum revealed the appearance of new diffraction
planes in the PG-ZnO spectrum in compare with the spectrum of zinc oxide . The antioxidant activity of PG-ZnO was studied using free radical scavenging method. Result revealed that IC50 were (75 and 25) μg/ml for the nano and free antioxidant, respectively.

A field and laboratory study were conducted to determine the efficiency of ethanolic
plant of Matricaria chamomilla and propolis in life performance of the aphid
black bean, where the study showed superiority propolis in the prevention of hatch
and the peril of the nymphs and adult cumulative rate of (37.46, 70.24, 62.45)%, respectively.
While it decreased in the effect of Matricaia chamomilla in the prevention
of hatch and the peril of the nymphs and adult cumulative rate of (60.22, 45.51,
52.72)%, respectively. The study also showed a significant superiority of the concentration
of 3% of the propolis to prevent hatch and average cumulative peril of nymphs
and adult was (10.0, 100.0, 97.70)%, respectively. While the concentration of 3% of
Matricaia chamomilla less impact in the prevention of hatch and average cumulative
at peril of nymphs and adult was (31.06, 77.73, 77.73)%, respectively .Compare with
the control treatment, in which the birth rate and the peril of the nymphs and adult
was (96.63, 3.3, 3.3)% to respectively.
The study also showed greater impact by increasing the time period was the third day
after treatment of Matricaia chamomilla and a clear role in the prevention of hatch
and the peril of the nymphs and adult cumulative rate of (54.12, 49.12, 57.45)%, respectively.
While the same time period to propolis gave better effect in the prevention
of hatch and decimation nymphs and adult cumulative rate of (30.80, 74.12, 67.45)%,
respectively .Compare with the treatment given to control where give rate at a cumulative
was (100.0, 3.3, 3.3)%, respectively.

Afield experiment was conducted in agriculture field of extension center Mhanawia
– Nourth babyl. Alocal cultivar of grasspea was planting during autumn season
of 2015, and RCBD with three replication was used. Two level of bacterial inoculation
( with and without inoculation ). Moreover phosphate fertilizer ( 0 , 50 , 100
KgP2O5 . ha-1 ) in the form of triple superphosphate Ca(H2PO4)2 (P2O5 45%) was used.
Means compared using the Least significant Differences ( L.S.D ) test at probability
level of 5%.
The Results showed that addition of phosphor Fertilizer at level 100 Kg P2O5.ha-1
excelled significantly in the most of Qualities studied ( plant heigh , number pods,
number of seeds pod, production , number and dry wheight of active nodes and available
Nitrogen in soil after plantig ) as it gave average respectively ( 55.1cm , 24.6
pod.plant-1, 9.6 seed. Pod-1 , 1117.1 kg.ha-1 , 15.7node. plant-1 , 63.1 mlg. plant-1 , 42
mlg.kg-1 ).
The Results showed that bacterial inculation gave excelled significantly in all
Qualities studied ( plant heigh , number pods, number of seeds pod , wheight of 1000
seeds , production , number and dry wheight of active nodes and available Nitrogen
in soil after plantig ) as it gave average respectively ( 54.4 cm , 24.8 pod.plant-1, 9.1
seed. Pod-1, 64.1g , 1764.9 kg.ha-1 , 20.3node. plant-1 , 90.1 mlg. Plant-1 , 45 mlg.kg-1).
Results showed that the overlap between study facters ( phosphate fertilization and
bacterial inculation ) at level 100 KgP2O5.ha-1 with bacterial inculation also gave excelled
significantly in the most of Qualities studied ( plant heigh , number pods,
number of seeds pod , production , number and dry wheight of active nodes and
available Nitrogen in soil after plantig ) as it gave average respectively ( 62.9cm ,
28.4 pod.plant-1, 10.8 seed. Pod-1 , 1935.8 kg.ha-1 , 23.9 node. plant-1 , 100.40 mlg.
Plant-1 , 51.3 mlg.kg-1 ).

The aims of the present study were to isolate and identificate of isolation and identificution
of Cryptococcus neoformans from some environmental resources in Najaf
covernor associated with fungal infection .C.neoformans represents one of the isolated
fungi from environmental resources samples, which may cause many serious problems
to human and in immunocompromised patients inparticular.
Laboratory isolation and identification of C. neoformans a total of (150) environmental
resources samples are collected from (6) different areas; (100) samples are obtained
from pigeon droppings and (50) samples from soil surrounding the Eucalyptus
sp. trees and decaying wood were collected, during 2015.
The positive results of cultures (112) (74.66%) isolates of C. neoformans were isolated
from samples of pigeon droppings and isolates from soil sourrunding the Eucalyptus
trees and decaying wood samples.
The cultural and biochemical methods were used in Cryptococcus spp. Isolation and
identification, besides VITEK2 compact system identification kit and CHROM agar
candida medium. Also identification by VITEK 2 compact system, showed two
speices C. neoformans (12) samples and C. gattii (3) samples.
The best trust level appeared within potentiality rate of 93%, however the other isolates
had a fewer potentiality rate reached 85% and this level was accepted . Cryptococcus
was identified by conventional tests and yeast which show positive results for
the capsule test, urease test, melanin pigment when cultured on methyl dopa culture
for a period from 18 – 24 hrs. Then confirmed by VITEK2 compact system identification
kit. The results of CHROM agar candida medium test are confirmed the results
of the VITEK 2 compact yeast identification system. In this test, the colony color of
Cryptococcus spp. on the medium are pink for C. neoformans.