Journal of Kerbala for Agricultural Sciences

This study was carried out during the period from February 2017 to March 2017,
in order to determine the effect of adding different levels of reduced glutathione (antioxidant) to dilute the semen of the Awassi rams and their effect on semen characteristics after cooling at 5C° for five days, Livestock and laboratories affiliated to the Department of Animal Production / College of Agriculture / University of Baghdad in
Jadiriyah.
In this study, four local awassi rams were used, its ages ranging from 2 to 4 years.
Semen were collected by artificial vagina at a rate of one ejaculate/ ram /week, then
the semen were mixed (Pooled) to remove the individual differences between the
rams and tests were conducted to evaluate the characteristics of fresh semen before
the dilution which include color, viscosity, pH, mass motility, individual motility,
sperm concentration and the percentage of viable and abnormal sperms. The samples
were divided equally on the experimental treatments using TRIS extender and a 1: 10
dilution ratio, which consisted of 3 treatments that’s contain glutathione as follows:
T1: control group (Tris diluted).
T2: Tris dilute + glutathione (30 mg /100 ml).
T3: Tris dilute + glutathione (60 mg / 100 ml).
The results indicated that the addition of reduced glutathione (T3) resulted in a
high significant (P <0.01) in the characteristics of (the percentage of live sperm, and
the ratio of sperm with the plasma membrane integrity at time 96 hours. It was
(67.50±2.84, 25.75±0.67, 54.50± 2.39%) respectively. No significant differences were
recorded between the treatments in the percentage of sperm with acrosome itegrity.
The treatment was (T3) (0.85 ± 90.25%) and the treatment (T2) (0.64 ± 89.50%)
compared with the control treatment.

Camel milk is a natural source of antioxidants that used to treat low plasma protein .Twentyfive male animals were purchased from local rabbits (1250-2100 g) and with age between 4- 6
months . the rabbits left 20 days to adjust and adaptive to food and location before starting the experiment . randomly The animals were divided into five groups and treated for 3 weeks. . 5 rabbits
were used as control group (G5) and 20 rabbits were given a dose of acute toxic pracetamol 2000
mg / kg for 24 hours and. The first group (G1) was given orally a camel milk(Party 2) 15 ml / animal / day. The second group (G2) was given camel milk season (part 4) 15 ml / animal / day . And
third group (G4) was given acetyl cysteine 140 mg / kg / day. The forth group ( G4) untreated
group is left to self-cure from the toxic dose pracetamol .The results showed a significant decrease
(P <0.05) for plasma protein total protein , albumin & globulin when treated with pracetamol toxicity. After treated with camel milk (party 2) ( party 4) N-Acetyl Cystine the level of plasma protein
were significant increased (P <0.05) in the first and second weeks, and the persistence of low plasma protein in the toxic and abandoned group Without treatment. In the third week, all groups return
to their normal level

bstract
The aim of this study was investigate the effect of the licorice extract on milk
production and chemical composition in local black dose its conducted in private
farm in Karbala ,fifteen does in forth month gestation period were randomly adivided into three groups (5 each) animal of first group (control ) free of any addition only
concentrated diet, the 2nd group (T1) feeded on 250 mg. of licorice weekly / kg body
weight as food addivites , while the 3rd group (T2) feed on350 mg of licorice weekly
/ kg body weight as afood addivites , weekly milk yield and milk chemical composition (fat %,protein %, lactose% and soild non fat (snf)% ) was investigated milk
yield checked for 6 week and samples of milk were taken for laboratory analysis , the
result showed asignificant increase (P< 0.05) in milk fat% in 2nd group(T1) and 3rd

group (T2) compared with the control group (C ) no significant difference were abserved in milk ylied, milk protein %, lactose %and Snf % between all groups.

the study was conducted at laboratories of department of animal technical college
from 1/ October /2016-1/ April /2017 to investigate the effect of thawing temperature
at 30cº for 60 second and 50cº for 15 second from 0.25cc deep frozen thawed straw
from main artificial insemination center Abo grabe Friesian Holstein bull aged 3-
5years . On the biological properties (pH, Individual motility, Total motility and
Morphological defect ) and metabolic (total protein ,cholesterol and glucose) and enzymatic (Aspartate and alkaline phosphatase) the result show that there is a high sig-nificant deference (p≤0.01) at 50cº for 15 second of thawing temperature on the alkaline phosphatase enzyme and glucose,significant deference (p≤0.05) at 30cº for 60
second to aspartate enzyme .

This research was conducted in aprivate orchard located in Bermanah/Babylon
government during the growing season 2017 to study the effect of spraying Zinc,
Thiamine and Tryptophan on the growth and yield of " Khalili " grapevine planted in
parallel lines with dimensions ( 2 * 2)m growing on wired vine pergola , 45 vines
possess the same force were selected, 45 buds were left spread upon 15 spur/vine ,
every spur contain 3 buds.
The experiment included two factors the first was Foliar applied Zinc ( Disper Zn
Sinergy) at three concentrations (0, 0.5 , 1) g.l
-1
, the second factor was spraying with
Thiamine ( 50 , 100 ) mg.l
-1
,Tryptophan ( 50 , 100 ) mg.l
-1
and With out Spraying .
first date was in 15/ 4 /2017 when flowering clusters appeared before bloming and
the second date was after 20 days of first foliar application on 4/ 5/ 2017 .The factorial experiment used was a Split-Plot design (5 * 3) and was done in randomize complete block design (RCBD)with three replicates. The results could be Summarized as
follows:
The Spraying of Zinc at (0.5g.l-1
) concentration leading to the increment in the
size of 100 grapes and the percentage of IAA hormone in the leaves,while was for the
spray of zinc at a(1g.l-1
)concentration a significant influence in the increment of chlorophyll content in the leaves.Thiamine spraying at (100mg.L-1
) concentration having
an effect in the increment of weight and size of 100 grapes and also increase the
fructose percentage in the grapes,while spraying of thiamine at (50 mg.L1
)concentration was led to a significant increment in the leaf area and IAA level in the
leaves.while was for the overlap between treatments a significant effect in all qualities except leaf area, where gave the(Z1T4) interference the highest value for the
weight and size of the 100 grapes reached( 383g ,323.7cm3 )respectively .while
(Z0T0) interference gave the lowest size of 100 grape was( 210cm3
) ,the lowest value
for the weight of 100grapes was (254.3g) at the (Z1T0).The effect of overlapping on
the relative content of chlorophyll (Z2T2)interference gave the highest relative con-tent of chlorophyll reached (42.37 SPAD),while the lowest relative content of chlorophyll was (33.47 SPAD) for (Z0T0) interference .The effect of overlapping on the
content of grapes from fructose sugar, (Z0T4) interference gave the highest content of
fructose reached (12.31g.100L-1
) and the (Z0T0) interference gave the lowest content
of fructose reached (9.30g.100L-1
).while was for the (Z1T3)overlap the highest effect
in increasing the content of leaves from indol hormone reached (74.9 µg.g-1
),and the
(Z0T0) overlap gave the lowest content of the hormone was( 13.7µg.g-1
)

A field experiment was conducted in one of the farmers' field in Jabla district Babylon province in the autumn season 2016 using potato cultivar the Burren , the experiment was included two factors, the first factor was organic manure with six treatments: 32 tons.ha-1
of Palm fronds wastes, 32 tons .ha
-1
of rice wastes , 16 tons .ha
-1
of palm fronds wastes. 16 tons .ha
-1
of rice wastes, palm fronds wastes with humic
acid , rice wastes with humic acid , rice wastes with palm fronds wastes with humic
acid ,in addition to chemical fertilizer 600 kg . ha
-1
.(NPK) , and Urea fertilizer 400 kg
.ha
-1
.,in addition to the comparison treatment . the second factor was bio-fertilizer
with two treatments Mycorrhizeae fungi with 10 gm . plant-1
,trichoderma fungi
with 0.625 gm . plant in addition to the comparison treatment . the study was conducted as factorial experiment according to the randomized complete block design(RCBD). each treatment with 3 Replicates. The results showed that the treatment
of the mixing of palm fronds wastes and rice wastes and humic acid and chemical fertilizer treatment gave significant differences in the paper area while the treatment of
adding rice waste achieved the highest rate in the plant height and the total number
and the marketing share reached 63.66 cm and 38.61 ton.ha-1
and 37.65 ton . ha-1
respectively. While the bio fertilizers achieved significant differences in the total yield
and the marketing yield. The treatment of the addition of the Trichoderma gave the
highest rate (37.16 and 36.16 ton.h-1
) respectively. The overlap between the two types
of fertilizer achieved significant differences the height of the plant and the total and
the marketing yield, Percentage of dry matter and percentage of starch in tubers

Randomized Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was used to validate the genetic stability of the digitalis plantlets produced by irradiated seeds by (0,
10, 20, 30) doses of gamma irradiation to stimulate their germination and growth.
The irradiated seed was planted on the growth regulator-free MS medium. DNA print tests were performed by using RAPD markers. DNA was extracted from the green
leaf samples of the tissue culture plants for each treatment with control at 1 month
age. After determining the optimal conditions for RAPD reactions, usingeight starters
OPA11, OPA7, OPA7, OPA7, OPC2, OPA11, OPA2 and OP511, with a perfect
match in the distribution pattern of the packages for the irradiated treatments. RAPD
markers proved to be an easy and rapid DNA marker for genetic compatibility.
Therefore, the study proved that the doses used are catalysts and this is the purpose of
their use, and there was no genetic heterogeneity in the irradiated seeds or the resulting plants compared with the treatment of non-irradiated control.

An experiment was carried out using plastic pots in the Department of BiologyCollege of Education for Pure Sciences / Karbala University during the growing season (2015) to study the effect of the interaction between different levels of water
stress and proline acid on some physiological parameters of the sun flower plantwhich included (Relative water content, Chlorophyll content in leaves, Activity of peroxidase enzyme in leaves and Proline content in the leaves).
The experiment included 27 units (experimental unit). The results were statistically analyzed and the averages were measured using the least significant difference
below the probability level of 0.05.
The results showed that the added water level of 100% of the field capacity value
gave the highest values for the studied traits (Relative water content, Chlorophyll
content in leaves, Activity of peroxidase enzyme in leaves and Proline content in the
leaves). It was also sprayed with proline acid with a concentration of 60 mg. L -1
gave
higher values for the above-mentioned characters. The interactions between the levels
of water stress and proline acid showed a various effect on the studied characters.

A field experiment was conducted in the farmer field at Al-sweria city during
seasons spring. Autum 2015 and Autum 2016 - eight inbred lines of maize were introduced factorial mating design program suggested by Comstock and Robinson, four
lines as males (Sy19 ,HS , Dr-C- 10 and ZP607) and females (S-165 , Sy-1 , 7MGWand Sy-22) were planted in spring 2015 and crossing between them , the genotypes
(8 parents and 16 hybrid ) were planted in full 2015 and 2016 by using randomized
complete block design with three replications to estimated combining ablitly general
and specific and some genetic parameters of maize traits plant height, ear height ,
number of leaves, leaf area and ear length . The results were showed significatly difference between lines and hybrids , Sy-1 female parent was gave highest means
0.5196 m2 of leaf area , while Sy-22 parent was gave lowest means of all traits the HS
male parent was gave hight means while ZP607 was gave low . The hybrid (MGW7× Dr-C-10) (S-165× SH), (Sy-1× Dr-C-10) were gave highest means , while hybrids
(S-165× ZP607) , (MGW-7× ZP607) , (Sy-22× ZP607) were gave the lowest means
for two seasons. The results showed general combining ability effect the Sy-1 and
MGW-7 famels parent were gave desived positive effect of general combining ability , while S-165 and Sy-22 males parent were gave negative effect , but the males
parent (Dr-C-10 and SH) were gave positive effect of general combining ability while
Sy-19 and ZP607 were gave negative effective . The hybrid (MGW-7× Dr-C-10) was
gave best in effect of specific combining ability 133.9 and 163.0 for leaf area in two
sensons . The genetic variance was highest than environmental variance , this result
reflect on broad sense heritaability was recorded high value 99.7 of number leaves in
the first season and 95.62% of ear hight in second season , while the narrow senseheritability was (middle-hight) value the hight 64.5% of number leaves in firest season. The dominance degree average was higher than one of all traits , we conclude
from this the possibility of benefinting from this the possiblity of benefinting from
the superior hybrids , which gave of specific combining ability in the desired direction to produce elite genotypes next program

First record of Egyptian acacia (Acacia rubra Mill.) powdery mildew disease
was recorded in Iraq / Mosul , the infected trees were cultivated as road sides and for
ornamental as the beauty of its flowers this was in Al-Arabee situation in Mosul ,
field survey were done threw autumn / 2013 up to spring / 2014 , especially at May
and the infecting percent were (25-60 %) incorporation , Symptoms at upper surface
of leaves were appeared as a white color powder and then developed to lower surface
, Microscopic test were done, conidia and conidiophore noticed under microscope ,conidia had barrel shape , its dimension the same of Oidium spp. This genus is the
conidial stage of powdery mildew, there were no sexual stage appeared threw the test
. Pathogenicity results showed high pathogenicity ability with acacia seedlings which
reached to 100 % of infection ratio after artificial inoculation

The study was aimed to conduct a field survey to identify the plant parasitic nematodes associated with olive trees and nurseries in provinces of Baghdad / Al- Zaafaraniya, Babil /Al- Sada, Karbala /Al-Atishi and Al-Hindiah Horticulture Center. Four
genera of nematodes were detected on olives trees and seedlings: root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne spp., the citrus nematode Tylenchulus semipenetrans, reniform nematodes Rotylenchus reniformis and the dagger nematode Xiphinema spp. The
last two genera are considered to be recorded as first time on olives trees in Iraq.
Root-knot nematodes was the most frequent with ratio 87.7% , observed in all study
areas followed by T. semipenetrans and R. reniformis only in the province of Babylon with ratio 9% and 3% respectively. While, Xiphinema spp. was detected only in
Karbala specifically in the Al-Atishi area with ratio 3%. Disease incidence and severity of infection with root-knot nematode were recorded in fields and nurseries.
Baghdad /Al- Zaafaraniya had the highest percentage of disease incidence (100%)
and severity (3) in the field, while nurseries under shade conditions in the same region had the least percentage of disease incidence and severity (6.6%) , (0) respectively