journal of the college of basic education

The importance of the research lies in using an educational approach according to the Osborne model in learning some skills in volleyball, laying the correct scientific foundations when using the Osborne model, and thus this research contributes seriously to studying one of the field problems in learning some skills in volleyball.
The research aims to identify:
Preparing an educational curriculum according to the Osbron model that is compatible with the capabilities of the research sample.
2. Identify the effect of an educational approach according to the Osbron model on learning some volleyball skills.
An experimental approach was used and the research sample was chosen from the Sulaikh Sports Club players, who are (12) learners, ages (16-17) years old. The results showed that the educational units showed significant differences in learning some skills in volleyball between the experimental and control groups in the post-test and in favor of the experimental group in tests among the learners. The recommendation was made on the necessity of using the Osbron model in learning for its effectiveness in facilitating the delivery of information to learners.

The importance of the research lies in the extent of the impact of the learning-by-play strategy on learning some of the wrestling grips and the kinetic abilities of the learners, and from here was thinking about many solutions that focus on developing new means, including developing motor abilities and learning the grips that decide the outcome of the fight.
The researchers used the experimental method on two groups and by designing equal groups, controlling and experimental, for the purpose of comparison. A sample of the Adhamiya club wrestlers were (10-12) years old and they were (24) educated, and the most important conclusions of the research were that the learning strategy exercises by playing had a positive effect on learning some grips wrestling. Among the recommendations is the need to use the learning by play strategy in teaching students for its effectiveness in facilitating the delivery of information to students.

This research aims to identify (a proposed educational program in the pantomime style for the development of motor intelligence among students of the Institute of Fine Arts), and to verify the goal of the research, the researcher followed the experimental approach, and relied in its design for the control and experimental groups with a pre and post test, the researcher chose a sample (30) students with (15) students in the experimental group (15) students in the control group.
The researcher studied the two groups, (the experimental group) by the method according to the (ADDIE) model (and the control group) in the usual way, and the results obtained by the researcher
1. The simplicity of the program and the clarity of its paragraphs helped the students to feel comfortable, enjoy and joy, which increased their desire to reach the specified goals.
2. The program had a great role for the students in actively participating in proposing ideas and avoiding fear, which strengthened their self-confidence.
From the foregoing, the importance of the research can be

The aim of the thesis: To identify the effect of quick ability exercises on the accuracy and speed of implementing the quick attack and some of the physical and motor abilities of basketball players
The researcher used the experimental method, and the research sample consisted of (16) players, who is from the second Karkh breeding team in basketball. An equivalence was conducted among the sample members, then a pre-test was applied to it to extract the variables for the research. Then the application of the training units was adopted for each group, then the post-test was conducted to obtain the results in the same way, and the data was treated specialistly using the statistical methods (SPSS statistical bag). according to traditional exercises.
The researcher recommends the necessity of adopting rapid ability exercises in the training units as it is an important factor in improving the physical, motor and skill abilities of the second Karkh basketball players, and to benefit from this study by the basketball coaches of the
Iraqi club teams .

The aim of the research is to find out (the impact of using a learning - understand - model strategy in the achievement of fifth-grade primary school students for science and their love of exploration), by verifying the following null hypothesis:-
1 - there is no statistically significant difference at the level of (0,05) between the average grades of the experimental group students who studied with the strategy (learn - understand-model) and the average grades of the control group students who studied in the usual way in the achievement test. The current research community was represented by all fifth grade primary schoolgirls in schools affiliated to the Directorate of education of Baghdad /Rusafa I for the academic year (2020-2021) and received a task facilitation book issued by the Planning Division of the Directorate of education of Baghdad / Rusafa I. The School of martyr Nazim Al-tabqajli was deliberately chosen to represent the current research sample, the number of its students ( 76) students distributed over four divisions (a, b, c, d), two divisions were chosen by simple random assignment (B, A) as a sample for research, and after statistically excluding failing pupils , The total number of (68) students for the fifth grade of primary school, with (18)students for Division (B) to represent the experimental group that studies according to the strategy( learn – understand – model), and Division ( A) to represent the control group that studies according to the usual method, which included ( 18 ) students as well. The experiment was applied in the first semester of the academic year (2020-2021) and lasted ( 9) weeks. the researcher herself studied the two research groups with (4) classes per week with (2)classes for the experimental group and the same for the control group. the experimental design was adopted with two groups (experimental and control), one of them partially adjusts the other with the same dimensional test of achievement and scientific curiosity. the students of the research sample ( experimental and control group) were rewarded in (chronological age, previous academic achievement in the subject of science, previous information , select the current research content in the first and second units of the science subject book for the fifth grade of primary , It was analyzed into 126 behavioral goals in the light of Bloom's classification of the cognitive field (remembering, assimilation(understanding) , application) . (16) a daily teaching plan was prepared for the experimental group according to strategic steps (learn-understand-model) and the same for the control group according to the usual method, and the research tools were represented by a dimensional achievement test consisting of (26) objective paragraphs of multiple choice type with four alternatives , and its truthfulness (virtual,content and construction) was verified and its stability was calculated, reaching (0,763) after applying the equation (Cawder Richardson 20 ) as well as calculating the psychometric characteristics of the test paragraphs, after the end of the experiment, an achievement test was conducted on the students of the two research groups (experimental and control) and the data were statistically processed using the Mann and Tenney test for two independent samples of equal number.
The results of the research showed the superiority of the students of the experimental group who studied according to the strategy (learn-understand-model) over the students of the control group who studied according to the usual method in the test of educational achievement.

research aims :
1- Identifying the normal levels of some biochemical variables before pregnancy for short and long distance runners for a group under the age of (18) years.
2- Identification of the effect of high-intensity pregnancy on some biochemical variables of short and long distance runners for a group under the age of (18) years.
research assumes :
1-There are statistically significant differences between short and long distance runners in the concentrations of some biochemical variables before pregnancy.
2-There are statistically significant differences between short and long distance runners in the results of the post-tests for the concentrations of some biochemical variables after a high intensity training load.
The researcher used the semi-experimental, causal, comparative approach to its appropriateness and the nature of the research problem on a sample of short and long distance runners for a group of youth ages (17-18 years) who are trained in the Specialized School for Sports Talent Athletics in the Ministry of Youth and Sports for the sports season (2020 / m

The aim of the current research is to identify the effectiveness of using the Orielly strategy in mathematics achievement for sixth grade students, and to verify the goal of the research, the null hypothesis was developed that there is no statistically significant difference at a level of significance (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group students who are Teaching them according to the Orielly strategy and the average scores of the pupils of the control group taught according to the usual method of the Post-Achievement Test. The current research was limited to the third, fourth and fifth chapters of the mathematics textbook. The number of the research sample reached (60) students, (30) students for the experimental group and (30) students for the control group, and (131) behavioral goals were formulated for the three levels of Bloom's cognitive levels ( Knowing, understanding, applying) and preparing (42) study plans An achievement test consisting of (30) items of the multiple choice type with four alternatives, verifying its validity and stability, calculating the difficulty factor, discriminatory power, and the effectiveness of the wrong alternatives. To calculate the test stability factor, the test was applied using the (Koder - Richardston K-R20) equation. To process the data, a t-test was used for two independent samples, and the results indicated that there was a statistically significant difference at a level of significance (0.05) in favor of the experimental group in the achievement test, which indicates the effectiveness of O'Reilly’s strategy in raising the level of students ’achievement. Several recommendations and proposals have been developed for future use.

The aim of the research is to identify the effectiveness of using the constructive learning model in achievement and the productive tendency towards mathematics among second-grade intermediate students.The research sample was chosen randomly from Al-Istabraq Intermediate School for Girls, affiliated to the General Directorate of Education in Baghdad, Al-Rusafa /1, and it consisted of (40) female students from the second intermediate grade, by (20) students in each of the experimental and control research groups, and the two groups were rewarded with the following variables (Chronological age in months, intelligence, previous knowledge in mathematics, previous achievement, and the educational level of the parents). The experiment was applied in the first semester of the academic year (2021-2020) AD, and two research tools were prepared, namely: an achievement test in a subject Mathematics consists of (20) objective paragraphs of the multiple choice type, and by using the Keoder Richardson equation (KR-20), the value of the reliability coefficient was (0.86), and the measure of propensity produced towards mathematics is of (32) paragraphs, and by using the equation (Alpha-Cronbach) The reliability coefficient was (0.83, the two research tools were applied at the end of the experiment and after collecting the data and using the appropriate statistical means, the results showed the superiority of the experimental group students who studied using the constructive learning model in the achievement test and the measure of propensity produced towards a subject Mathematics is based on the control group students who studied in the usual way, and in light of the results, a number of recommendations and proposals were produced.

The aim of the research is to identify (the effectiveness of using the Treagust model in mathematics achievement among second-grade intermediate students)
The number of the sample was (64) students, with (31) students for the control group and (33) students for the experimental group. The researchers chose the experimental approach, and the researcher prepared an achievement test consisting of (25) objective items of the type of choice from multiple alternatives, and verification of validity and reliability were verified.
The researchers used the Koder-Richardson equation (k-R20) to calculate the test stability factor, and the t-test was used for two unequal independent samples to process the data using the statistical program (spss).
The following result was reached:
There was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the two research groups in the achievement test and in favor of the experimental group, which studied the subject matter specified for the duration of the experiment using the Treagust model on the control group students who studied in the usual way of teaching, and in light of this result the null hypothesis was rejected.

The aim of the research is to identify (the effectiveness of using the Treagust model in mathematics achievement among second-grade intermediate students)
The number of the sample was (64) students, with (31) students for the control group and (33) students for the experimental group. The researchers chose the experimental approach, and the researcher prepared an achievement test consisting of (25) objective items of the type of choice from multiple alternatives, and verification of validity and reliability were verified.
The researchers used the Koder-Richardson equation (k-R20) to calculate the test stability factor, and the t-test was used for two unequal independent samples to process the data using the statistical program (spss).
The following result was reached:
There was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the two research groups in the achievement test and in favor of the experimental group, which studied the subject matter specified for the duration of the experiment using the Treagust model on the control group students who studied in the usual way of teaching, and in light of this result the null hypothesis was rejected.

The methods and teaching strategies used by the teacher are considered one of the most important aspects of the educational process. Each method has a specific role in the students' growth in terms of physical, skill, emotional, and cognitive aspects. The percentage of dependence on a method is based on the type of skill and the student's educational situation. The problem statement of this research is that the researcher noticed the need of using the modern and new strategies in the physical education lesson and how to invest them in accordance with the requirements of the practical material, given that the physical education lesson has two sides, the theoretical side, and the practical side, so these strategies must be invested. The research aimed to preparing educational units using the five stages throughout strategy (5E'S) to learn some basic skills by volleyball for students and to identify the effect of the strategy of the five stages throughout strategy (5E'S) using combined exercises in learning some basic skills in volleyball and to identify which of the two groups are better either experimental group or control group in learning some basic skills by volleyball.
The research assumed statistically significant differences between the results of the old tests and the results of the current tests for the experimental and control groups in learning some basic volleyball skills. In addition to that, the research found a presence of a statistically significant difference between the results of the current tests between the experimental and control group in learning some basic skills with the volleyball (serving from the top - serving from the top facing (tennis) - receiving the serve from the bottom), rather than the experimental group among the members of the research sample. Therefore, the researcher used the experimental method by designing the two equal and equivalent groups, the control and the experimental, and the research sample consist of (50) students from the second stage in the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences – Al-Salam University College for the academic year 2020/2021. They contribute (27.77%) of the original population, divided randomly And by lottery method on two control and experimental groups, with a total of (25) students for each group. As for the experimental group, the educational units were applied according to the five- throughout learning strategy (5E'S), which consisted of (10) educational units, and with one educational unit per week, the time of the educational unit was (90) minutes. As a result, the researcher concluded the superiority of the experimental group to which the five stages throughout strategy (5E'S) was applied over the control group that applied the curriculum followed by the subject teacher in learning basic volleyball skills. Therefore, the researcher recommends emphasizing the use of modern strategies, including the five stages throughout strategy (5E'S) in the physical education lesson for the university and secondary school stages to learn the basic skills of volleyball because it has a positive and effective role.

The study aimed to prepare an educational program according to the modeling strategy and to reveal its effect on acquiring the art of performing some wrestling skills for third stage students. To achieve this goal, the researchers developed and designed an educational program using a modeling strategy. The researchers adopted the experimental method. The sample was identified as (36) students from the third stage in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / University of Mosul for the academic year (2018-2019), They were divided into two equal experimental and control groups (age, height, weight, and physical fitness components). Each group consisted of (18) students. The experimental group was studied according to the modeling strategy. As for the control group, it was taught in the usual way, after which the research experiment was applied for a period of four weeks and at one unit per week for each group, after which the post-tests were conducted. The SPSS statistical system was used for data processing and analysis. The result was that the experimental group that was studied according to the modeling strategy outperformed the control group in the skill acquisition of the skills of concerned with the study. The researchers recommended emphasizing the use of a modeling strategy in teaching wrestling subjects to third-stage students.

In this research, the researcher dealt with a very ancient word, which is (Al-Miraj), and its significance was mentioned in the previous holy books. Some have denied this miracle, so I thought that I should search for it and its roots and significance in the language through the oldest use of it. Because it contains several meanings and the word is pronounced differently according to the languages of the Holy Books, the research found that (arj) has several meanings, and it is not possible to find a synonym It has its meanings, as it is ascension, elevation and inclination, and it is specific to souls, and ascension is a condition that occurs for the prophets and is not similar to the ordinary human being. With other prophets, and the research with prophets ascended to heaven, some of them mentioned the holy Quran and the Holy Book, and one of the most important recommendations of the research is to pay attention to the languages of the holy books.