Magazine of historical studies and archaeology

The water and generous land in ancient Iraq, helped to increase cultivated areas. gardens and orchards were among those cultivated areas. the Royal texts, as well as the artistic scenes, that depicted these gardens and the water channels, this is the archaeological reality, different from the image of ancient historians(Greek and Roman classics), which stemmed from a fictional vision. the image of the hanging gardens, which ancient historians envisioned, is in fact only a picture of the ground royal palace gardens. the hanging gardens are a imaginative project, with its construction and the method of irrigation, with absence of any historical evidence of the archaeologists of those outstanding structures.

This research –paper tackles one of the pillars of thought and Islamic Sufism in Baghdad school . It is worth mentioning that Moslem sufists had played a great effort in the establishment of everyday live aspects ,be they on the spiritual facet or even other aspects in general , They ,however, had based all their propositions on the holy Quran and the sacred sunna.to highlight spiritual aspects , they touched upon the biography of author Al-Kateeb Al-Baghdadi in the first part .As for the second part ,the mode of thought and the Sufi approach as adopted by Abo-Bakr Al-Shibli in the book '' ''The History of Baghdad' 'This is, however presented through a comparison with other sources as far as Abu-Bakr Al-Shibli's biography is concerned . Besides ,''Sufism'' is defined as well as the thought and approach adopted by Al-Shibli

The hadeeth of al-Ghadeer is among the arguments that Imam Ali, peace be upon him, appealed to some of his companions and those who attended the incident under the pretext of farewell in the year 11 AH with the Prophet, may God bless him and his family. We have a comparison with those who mentioned these narrations from the sources of the Muslim public, some of them agreed and some of them disagreed with him regarding the text and content of the narrations or the men of their narrators.

In a short period of its life, the UAE has been able to create integrated legislation in all aspects of life without distinction between its citizens and has given women their own public and private rights of belief in the importance of the role of women in the development of society. Women also participated in all the different labor sectors in the country and their participation rate reached about 66% of the total workforce in the government sector, including 30% in leadership positions and 60% in technical jobs. The General Women's Union has played a major role in the empowerment of women through specialized bodies that monitor women's affairs and address their needs, and their prominent role in the formulation of strategic plans for the advancement of women

The sources of the two countries (Islamic geographical sources) and the books of the trips formed an important source of knowledge that enriched the scientific material that it contained, the researchers ’passion for what it provided of useful information that included many civilized aspects of the countries mentioned, so it had an effective contribution in fueling the research. Among the researchers, and among the information that I provided was what was mentioned about the civilization conditions of the city of Mosul, including the economic activity that characterized it.
The research included, in addition to the introduction, an explanation of the importance of the geographical location of Mosul, the name and the Arab-Islamic conquest of it, the nature of its climate, and the description of the countrymen and travelers to the city, and the nature of economic activity from agricultural activity, the amount of land absenteeism and its role in trade in terms of its exports and imports and the role of its markets in the commercial movement then Clarify the most important research findings and, finally, the margins of the research subject.

At the end of the 1980s, the ruling class in American was concerned from fukuyam's theory of 1989-1992.Fukuyama argues that history has a tendency and that the spread of liberal democracy globally.Totalitarian regimes in southern Europe. And Fukuyama's 1989 observations seems to ponder reflections on the nature of the future. American's cosmopolitan specialization has been limited to defending the democratic principle threatened by Nazism and Japanese militarism, then Russian and Chinese communism, Both world war 11 and the cold war have played the historic role of American, which carries dangerous dimensions to its own patronage, In the world?
The unavoidable consequence of this is that the United States will become a military power that is useless for the world and must give in to the fact that it has become a democracy among other democracies.
American's uselessness to the world has alarmed Washington's leaders and foreign policy planners. Brzezinski accepts the implicit challenge of Fukuyama's paradox, proposes a diplomatic and military approach to retain control of the ancient world, and divides peoples on a religious and ethnic basis, following the example of the west .

Hajj is the fifth pillar of Islamic religion and all Muslims who are capable financially and physically are obliged to perform at least once in their life. However, performing hajj in the past proved to be difficult and risky, which made it necessary to for pilgrims to have their trips organized in the form of parades led by who used to be called “Emir al-Hajj”.
This paper will focus on Emirate of al-Hajj and its responsibilities. It also spots light on who were the Emirs of those parades during the era of Muawiya ibn abi Sufyan.

The study aims at analyzing and diagnosing the reality of primary education services in the district of center Baquba in2019, which includes two administrative units, the first in the center of Baquba, and the second in the center of Baquba, through a number of efficiency indicators and their application to determine the degree of their efficiency. The geographical distribution of the institutions of primary education in the study area, while the second aspect dealt with the efficiency of these institutions and the services they perform and their efficiency for students according to local and international standards .

Coins are documents that cannot be appealed, It made Islamic coins from the first year of their Arabization, and continued to be issued annually, Islamic coins immortalized important events such as the assumption of caliphs and ministers In addition, we were able to know the cases of economic prosperity and state prosperity or deflation and lack of resources, Some also bear the names of the cities where they were made, Sometimes she bore the names of the ministers or those responsible for the role of minting, In addition to that, he made another type, which is the coins of relevance and occasions that differ from the official money, as it differs with the texts and expressions that he carries, It also struck on certain occasions, especially since some of them carried human or animal images, and they struck to be given to those close to, poets and the poor on special occasions such as the assumption of the caliphs or their governors or the occasions of marriage and circumcision, Among these coins is the golden dinar of the Caliph Al-Mu'tazz Allah, who bears the date (255 AH / 869AD).

The city of Hamadan is an ancient historical city and full of old, and full of important political events, through the search for the city and its history and importance, we found that it dates back to the era of the Medieval Empire, and continued to privilege it as a center for the sultans, families and kings, and this, if anything indicates that its importance Cultural and historical status among other cities.In addition to its long history, it was characterized by its strategic geographical location and its location on the (Silk Road) or the so-called (Khorasan Road) or (the road of success) made it the focus of attention of the conflicting powers on power and influence among them, and therefore to obtain this city and the exploitation of its privileges and goods, as a result This city suffered many woes and tribulations that helped greatly to be a refuge for revolutionaries and anti-Caliphate movements, and this is illustrated through the folds of research. As for the subject of our research, we have highlighted in general the importance of scientific and scientific and cultural and cultural role of the scientists of the city of Hamadan and the importance of their literature and scientific outputs, which dealt with a lot of humanities and pure sciences. Our research was distinguished by the fact that it is concerned with the study of one of the personalities of the scientific house known as the House of Shirwayh bin Shahrdar al-Dailami al-Hamdhani, where Shirwayh is one of the most proficient scientists scientists, researchers and departing students to his request to much of the country, making it a top of science and knowledge draws him from all sides and towards To take him up and disciple in his hands.

The seventies and eighties of the twentieth century witnessed a remarkable interest in women and their issues and the need to integrate them into development processes, especially with the announcement of the decade from 1975 to 1985 a global decade for women to increase awareness of the issue of women and development and work to improve their political, social, economic and cultural conditions, especially in developing countries, because women represent half The human resources available cannot be left without preparation, planning and rehabilitation. Improving the status and status of women is an essential and necessary factor to ensure rapid development in its various social, political, economic and cultural dimensions in any society.

Since the end of its war with France at the end of the seventeenth century, for a period of forty-five years, Britain pursued a new diplomacy, as the judgment on events became not bound by the principles and moral values but rather looked at the interest of a country, and European international relations were based on the principle of international balance, which does not allow any country To become a force that is difficult to confront by other countries, and he explains the new British diplomacy, which sought to direct and benefit from the struggle for influence in Europe between the Bourbon family and the Habsburg family to serve a British interest.
This conflict evolved as he moved to control trade and its ways with the American colonies to obtain its wealth. Therefore, the application of the principle of international balance has become important to prevent the competing countries of Britain from imposing their influence in Europe by force and circumstance in the strategic regions in the colonies to dominate their trade, and it secured for itself the domination of trade with the colonies.
The Treaty of Utrecht divided the European states in a balanced and equal way to prevent one from leaving one against the other and to compel them all. Britain also maintained the need of these countries for their financial and military assistance. France lost hope of expanding Spain's possessions, Spain completely cut off its relationship with the French crown, and France lost hope of expanding Spanish colonies in South America.

The study proceeds with the notion that cultural , political and religious elites have the responsibility of achieving the element of balancing and tolerance in worldviews and attitudes , more specifically ,in the circumstances of clash and division on the epistemic , etheric and political levels . therefore , The study has shed light on AL- Sharif AL- Murtadha who set the cultural of tolerance in an age full of crossroadsand divergences on the ata . He is , in reality , the brand mark of that age by and through his social and political behavior and , in addition , through his religious and cultural heritage . He has often contributed to make the Iraqi society skip over the sectarian and political problems and to bridge gaps of confidence and spread the peaceful settlement among the Islamic teams in his time .

There is no doubt that society is the surrounding milieu of whole human, religious, political and cultural activities and operations. However, Islamic Sharia has given great importance to protect this milieu from any negative impact that would have its effect on whole human activities and operations. The protection has represented by unforfeit his rights into its free will for life style that allows man to practice his social rights without compulsion or coercion and to live under the social system allows a man to be a affective factor in society, regardless his/her color, gender and religious doctrine, and nationality that s/he believes it. Therefore, the importance this field in one side out Iraqi society and Arab society in other side, so that our research entitled Dimensions of IdeologicalFreedom for Human Dignity upon Imams of Ahlulbayt (Alyhm Al-Salam)) to shed light on the thought and attitudes of Ahlulbayt’s Imams (Alyhm Al-Salam) from freedom of thought in the light of preserving the human dignity of all mankind about difference their ideological adoptions and their diversity, their beliefs and their races.

Ali Ibn Isa with his integrity and foresight stands out from the prevailing villainy of the age as excellence ''the good vizier''. So he did his best to repair the damage and he organize it again.
He gave his intention to agriculture to organize it, and gave the farmers interest – free loan. He wrote many orders to the governors of the state in order to economize in their expenditure. And they have to be very kind with the citizens.
He also reduce the expenditure of palace, and also the salaries of the viziers and the senior officers. But he clashed with the caliph and the viziers, so he discharged of his office and deported to Al – Yaman.
Then he had been called to find a salvation for the economic unsolved question. He returned to Baghdad and started his expertness, but the difficulties standed in his way so he resigned himself.
We doubt wither more is to be discovered about any other minster of the caliphs. For though numerous works on the lives of the viziers were composed in early Abbisid times, little of them remains, and of one of the most detailed, Hillal as – sab's Kitab Al – Wazara, only that part survives that is concerned with the doings of Ibn Isa and of his chief rival in office. No period of the caliphate, moreover, is more abundantly chronicled them that in which he lived nevertheless Ali Ibn Isa has not received much attention know European writers. Von Kramer used the Kitab Al Wuzara in his urber das Einnahmebdget des Abbasidenreicbs, but he was concerned in that monograph chiefly with Ali Ibn Isa states- man ship, only secondarily with him himself. Certainly Ibn Al- Furat had more vigours than Ali Ibn Isa and owned the effrontery he lacked.

The process of uniting the Somali regions with Somalia has attracted considerable attention from the post-independence Somali governments in 1960. North-South unity has raised hopes that the rest of the lost territories can be restored. As the Horn of Africa was an important strategic region for the Soviet Union and the United States during the Cold War years as part of their strategic conflict in those years, the international powers and the Zionist entity were trying to exploit the Ethiopian-Somali conflict that broke out in September 1977 over the Ogaden region for its own interests. The war directly and indirectly had political and military positions.

King Asarhadon had a great interest in the "Omen"
Texts" and asked for the advice of the gods "Oracles" and sent from the collection of him from various temples in southern Iraq and Central and attests to the religious literature of this era of the king of ancient traditions and the desire to reproduce the supplications of the past and found many of these Copy and the name of Asarhadon in the footnote.
We can establish the division of research into two axes preceded by a historical entrance:
The first axis is the definition of texts and those who interpret them. The second axis deals with the contents of the texts of omen and the prediction of the priests of the temple of the gods Ishtar of Arbiliy.

The inhabitants of Mesopotamia left many cuneiform texts inscribed on clay tablets, stone and other materials, which found buried in the archaeological mounds. These texts were divided into literary texts that included (legends, epics, poems, and chants), incantations, exorcisms and political texts (royal letters), and legal texts In addition to others like (the texts of the marriage contract, administrative texts specific to the temple and economic texts). These texts enabled researchers to reveal the spiritual life of Mesopotamia. The texts revealed that adorning the jewelry with multiple purposes, the purpose of which depends on the idea of the writer in the literary text, as it was noted that the jewelry was part of a religious ritual in which it symbolized the priestly rank or religious authority, and at the same time the jewelry was one of the ways of beautification of the bride to celebrate her bride and not There is no doubt that the groom's position affects the size and type of this adornment, or that it was presented as gifts between the lovers, as well as the use of jewelry for linguistic metaphor and simile.

The ‘journeys of the gods in Mesopotamia’ is a topic that has a noticeable area in the Sumerian and Akkadian literature. These textual sources inform us that the gods used to make journeys and transportation to various destinations in the Mesopotamia and also in the universe. There are texts bearing the titles of the journeys, they tell the story of each journey in detail. This kind represents the rituals of the gods visit to other cities, and named “ritual journeys”, and the purpose of these visits was for demanding the prosperity and the protection of the cities. This kind is not all, what we have about gods’ journeys, but other kinds of the god’s transportation is considered as a journey: the descent to Netherworld, the New Year celebrations when the god’s statue is carried from the temple of the god to Bit Akiti in the exterior of the city by boat, there is also the captivity of the god’s statues while the attacks is an exile of the gods in the foreign regions. The iconographic sources complement our work, there the cylinder seals scenes show us the “gods' journeys”. They interesting because the provide additional details. Moreover, there are other dimensions that are equally important, such as the actual preparations for these journeys (almost by the kings, and sometimes by the gods themselves).

This study discusses a topic that we think is of a degree of importance, especially in terms of cultural, intellectual and social aspects, where Arab women have suffered throughout the ages from contradictory aspects in dealing with them by Arab society before Islam, as a result of society's contradictory and negative view towards women, especially (the mother). In spite of the political, social, and economic standing in which women lived before Islam in many historical stages, the society’s view of them was often negative, due to the tribal accumulations that established old customs and traditions, and prevented women from many of their material and moral rights, and practiced against them some Practices that we can say were extremely violent if measured by concepts denoting the concept or (term of violence)

The centers of intellectual movement in Iraq in the era of the domination of Buayyhi occupied a concrete space on the ground, The heads of state and their scholars and scientists sought to highlight the roles of these centers and develop them through their efforts, which did not continue to evolve to serve the ground on which it arises, It was simple, as it was concerned with the education of young people; the early stages of reading and writing, But it developed and expanded to move to the corners of the mosque to occupy more space and spread in other places such as mosques and mosques, which was crowded with students, As well as the seminars of science, which was administered by scientists in these mosques and mosques, As were the homes of scientists attended by students and hold debates, is one of these centers that encouraged the dissemination of science and knowledge as well, As well as other places that were guided by scientists and writers on the various stages of their studies and research, such as markets and shops Alorakin public and private libraries, Which was one of the major forums that represent cultural forums for these, Where the exchange of different cultures between those who were full of the benefits of books that are transferred to it from every corner, some of which are in the handwriting of the authors themselves or the line of women in the shops of the Warkin or by the students of the elders who are writing it, And these books have been very popular by their owners, especially in the markets of buying and selling these books, As well as the existence of large libraries that were created by private and public and are available to all to provide science and knowledge, And to encourage the sultans, princes and ministers of the Buayyhi to the scientific movement in this era.

The first to think of establishing a large and broad street in Baghdad is the reformed governor (Medhat Pasha), but he could not achieve it because of the end of his mandate, and was followed by the governor (Hussein Nazim Pasha), which was the first actual steps to establish the street, but The project stopped for several reasons, foremost of which was the opposition of the people and his removal from office. The street did not find the subsequent governors who wanted to complete it until the arrival of the governor Khalil Pasha after he realized the need for a wide street to transport the war equipment to the fighting fronts during the battles of World War I and succeeded in completing the project in 1916. The street passed several stages of development of paving Expand and adjust its integrity. The opening of this street has had a great impact on the city, which after the opening of the residential role of urban and heritage and houses of worship such as mosques and churches, as well as encouraging the people to open shops, cafes and cinemas.

The United States was concerned about its interests in Chile after Salvador Allende took office as the latter belonged to a left-wing coalition of communist and socialist parties and came to power with an election program that included the nationalization of the copper industry run by US companies. The United States and its companies have tried to prevent the left-wing Chilean government from proceeding with the nationalization program. It and its companies have used various pressure papers on the Chilean government to prevent them or to give nationalized companies compensatory amounts. It was dissolved during the reign of Salvador Allende in Chile, which lasted for the years 1970-1973.

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

Historical Writing emerged in early Islamic history, and if he historical blogging wasn\'t new to the world of thought before Islam -where many of nations pre Islam knew that kind of writing- Muslims have, in addition to their development of originally existing curricula; brought new curricula and themes and types of historical writing which were not known to them. For example, historical writing was done according to the classes created by the Arabs which weren\'t preceded by others \" the division of classes is Islamic authentically, and it may sound like it is a chronological division found in the Islamic historical thinking \", and so the \'Biographical Dictionary\' was a product of Arab Muslims and the most important intellectual contribution they have made in the s historiography ...\".

The first topic, which was entitled "The Criminal Judgment in the Jewish Religion," included three demands. The first included "Definition of Judgment and Felony." In light of this requirement, I mentioned the definition of both judgment and felony. The second is "the definition of Judaism", in which it shows the definition of Judaism in language and convention, and the third is "examples of rulings mentioned in the Old Testament" and in it I dealt with some examples of the rulings mentioned in the Old Testament from the Bible.
The second topic, entitled "Models of Criminal Judgments in the Jewish Religion," and four demands. The first included "Legislation relating to the felony of theft and damage." The second: "Laws concerning the felony of retribution with punishment" In light of this requirement, she touched upon the most important texts contained in the Bible regarding the felony of retribution. The third "Laws Concerning the Felony of Punishment for the Adulterer", in which I dealt with the most important texts in the Bible regarding the felony of retribution for the adulterer.
The fourth "Execution of Punishments for the Perpetrator of Felonies", in which it states the penalties for the perpetrator of felonies in the Jewish religion.
Whereas the third topic, which was titled "Criminal Judgment in the Christian Religion", included two requirements, the first "Definition of Christianity", in which it mentioned the linguistic and idiomatic definition of Christianity. The second "Examples of judgments contained in the New Testament", in which I dealt with some of the provisions mentioned in the New Testament.