Magazine of historical studies and archaeology

The research included significant historical events witnessed by the Islamic Mashreq and on the political and military levels, which greatly affected the change of the political map of the various forces that competed over its cities for many years .The most prominent political forces are the Seljuks (447-590 AH /1055-1193 AD) , the Ghaznawi Emirate(351-582 AH / 962 - 1166 AD) , And Gore ( 543 - 612 AH / 1148 - 1215 AD ) , the Khwarizmah (490 - 628 AH /1096 - 1230 AD) , the Mongols and others.
Mashreq's Islamic economic virtues have driven these forces to compete and fight among themselves to control the largest area of it, controlling parts of it gives the mainstay of a number of them and to protect themselves from competing forces. . The Mongols had many visits and tours in the Islamic Mashreq cities, putting an end to the conflict between many forces through their total control over most of its cities. There is no doubt that the Islamic conflict has contributed greatly to changing the geographical features of its cities, The social fabric of its population and the dissipation of its economic wealth .

The study deals with the biography of the Turkish scholar Professor Fuat Sezgin and his bibliographical study on the most important scientific achievements,which He has lived with< for the last sixty years. He published seventeen volumes in his book "The History of Arab Heritage", which is the most comprehensive study of the results of Arab and Muslim historians on all scientific levels. In 430 AH / 1038 AD, the era of the rise and peak of the movement of translation and the renaissance of Arab Islamic. Sezgin followed in the same footsteps of the orientalist Carl Brucklmann in his book "The History of Arabic Literature", which exceeded the scope of his book's volume of many of the translations and works which are not seen by Brockleman , In this study we discuss the first volume in the first part, and the second of this hard work, in which we will examine the goal,The book ,its difficulties, its methodology and its views on Quranic readings, commentaries,modern science,and historical codification.

This study deals with the life of Goebbels and his role in the arrival of the Nazis to rule in Germany in 1932, the consolidation of their authority and the termination of the frameworks of democracy in 1934. The research consists of an introduction and four headings and conclusion: The first section illustrates the life of Goebbels and his joining to the Nazi Party until 1926. The second topic touches the role of Goebbels in the Nazi party, especially the propaganda after becoming a Nazi official in Berlin until the Nazis assumed power in 1933. The third topic focuses on Goebbels as Minister of Propaganda in Germany until 1934. Finally, the fourth section highlighted the attitude of Goebbels towards Jews until the 1934.

This research sheds lights over the British documents that were written on the politics of the British occupation of Iraq. That policy was considered as a tremendous series of the military stability which paved the way for the foreign British domination in Iraq. The importance of this study comes from a precise reading for division of Hillah. In addition, there are other cases in regard with the British attention in the native tribes in convenient way with colonial interests. Thus, the British concerns could be divided into three parts:-
1. The tribal phenomenon was overwhelming in Iraq and could not have been melted in pure civil administration.
2. Inventing a planned and gradual dissolution to the Iraqi patriotism through a new policy " Iraqi National Unity". So, the Shabanah Rüz was an important stage of that policy.
3. As long as Hillah in the Middle Euphrates and populated by various tribes that were known for their war ability, the British intended to use these capabilities to control the neighboring towns such Najaf, Kufa and Kerbala'.

So cial Life has become an important pillar of Social Studies and has attracted the attention of resear. And Fasting was one of the groups that lived in that had dealt live Social on different aspects of late I Connected the study to the Syntax of the Conclusions of that mystical class worked to mysticism in all its what and there are different views in the Origin of their name. Was Fasting and eating types, many of are food and they were Wearing wool aweek to allow them the mystical. Life Social in the Abbasid era were generally characterized as cool as her I care the Abbasids details of their lives to include their food and drink and can committed Own With regard to health, their basket they are many Ways for each of them the Customs of the Special reports by the flashing morals van design remains in essence an invitation to revive the Spirit and the methodology of mujahid psyche thus called morality which of the goals of Islam. It research several topics pertatining to life social health is: The food used for, clothes, housing, habits and traditions, marriage, manners, The death.

The stories are mentioned in the Koran, and the story of the stories in the Qur'an is based on news about nations, kingdoms, prophets and messengers. The stories are the nucleus of history through which we studied the history of the peoples.
The stories were linked to the start of the Islamic call to education, which aims to explain the Islamic faith and enlighten the people.
And that the councils of stories were not confined to mosques, but they held in front of others and there is a penalty for those who responded to stories without qualifications, and this punishment is the discipline.
That the stories and Qasas have received the first interest and represent the follow-up councils of punishment and the appointment of retribution officially.
I use stories in political conflict and promote group ideas. It was also a means of stirring up the feelings of the fighters and it seems to be a rhetorical reminder of my ignorance, without holding story boards in combat
The scourge of stories and misrepresentation has appeared in the manipulation of some of them with sind and in the story of stories. And continued the punishment in the holding of their councils in the Islamic ages from the era of the letter to the Abbasid period, which prevented them from sitting for cutting during the era of Mu'tazd Allah

Mesopotamia fine Arts reveals that concepts of religious and Social Beliefs were representing the corner stone in The Ancient Human Arts.
Because of Mesopotamian artist is emerged in his society , and was not far away, so, He was always impressed by what was going on around him,therefore, He sought to consecrate his thoughts as art view on Plaque face In order to be as apparent document May be passed down through generations , to reflect the behavior, traditions and concepts prevailing at the time .

This research deals with (The just tyrant who ruled between sanctity and obedience in Islamic India ) , we found that the importance thing is to study the research since the rule of the Ghaznawites until the end of the Emirate of Mtlkhalip.
It is common the concept of the just tyrant ruler in the Islamic communities , the tyrant disregard what others have of mind, wisdom, skill and efficiency , he wasted all that for his mind , What a crime the ruler commit ? especially the Islamic religion called to develop and educate in all fields of human life , it maintains its capabilities and calls on the nations to stand up to the tyrannical ruler by increasing the value of freedom and equality in the souls to the highest level of Islamic consciousness and formation a society of good and free deviations and delusions.
The research plan required to divide into four chapters , the first is the holiness and its connection with the religious side , the second is of tyranny , the third is of the just tyrant , the fourth is of controversy of obedience and revolution and we concluded it with the most prominent results reached.

During the Roman era, Palestine witnessed a mix of bad conditions and conditions at all levels, eventually leading to the displacement of many Jews from Palestine, in search of a quiet and reassuring life, in neighboring countries.
The period of Roman rule of Palestine is one of the most turbulent periods experienced by the Jews in Palestine. Although this period of interest of researchers, it is still a fertile area for further research and study. Therefore, I was very much interested in my role in the context of the Roman era in Palestine, was optional for this subject to search. To achieve the objectives of the research, Study into an introduction, four axes and a conclusion.
The introduction includes how Palestine fell under Roman control. It deals with the four axes, including the political, religious, social and economic systems in Palestine in the Roman era, and the conclusion comes to highlight the results of the research

The study dealt with the fiction of the writer witnessed, one of the signs of Baghdad, and the Abbasid Caliphs, including the successor to the order of God, and she and her husband of his characteristics, studied by the most prominent jurists in Baghdad, including her father Ahmed bin al-Faraj, Some of the verses of al-Hakim, as well as their knowledge of matters of jurisprudenc

Historical studies in the Islamic ages, especially in the Islamic ages, were concerned with giving the tribal side clear attention to highlight the glories of these tribes in their contribution and service to Islam, which transferred the Arabs from the division and dispersion to unity and urbanization. Among these studies is the subject of our research. The scientific side, which limited our research on this aspect during the Abbasid era, the most prominent of these figures is Imam Muslim (D261H) the owner of the right and Professor Abdulkarim Abi Qasim al-Qusheiry (D465) the owner of the Sufi method and his sons are Abdullah (D477H) and Abdulrahman (D482H) and Abdul Wahid (D494H) and Abdul Rahim (D514H) and Obaidullah (D521H) and Abdul Moneim (D532H) who followed the Sufi method for their father and were scholars in jurisprudence and Sharia and preachers and reformers among the people and were the owners of councils and schools for science and conservation and recitation of the Koran and some of them emerged in rhetoric on Al-Manabar and narrators of Hadith and newsmen and poets and writers, so the Bani Qashir abdomen of the tribe of Ka'b ibn Rabia bin Amer bin Saasah, so we see that the glories of the belly fall with the championships of her tribe if the houses of this abdomen outside the lands of her tribe, and in this research we tried to highlight what It is characterized by the Qashirion outside the framework of their tribe, which ensures research names and their proportions and thighs M and their homes and their contributions to the scientific life.

The civilization of Crete was a prominent place among the civilizations of the ancient world. It emerged as a semi-integrated civilization in its economic, social and political aspects. It lasted for a long time and provided human civilization with many elements and had great influence in the Aegean region, the Mediterranean and the ancient Near East. The ancient people had a great role in the establishment of the Greek civilization and that the greatest creed of this civilization is the legacy of the religious and artistic heritage that was lost alive in the Meissen civilization and then in the heritage of the civilization of Greece before and after the classical era. N be a

The nature of Greek and Roman architectural influences on the Nabataeans has been manifested in art Nabataeans, through the tombs, temples, theaters and tombs and their decoration, Greek and Roman art appeared on the Nabataean coins and were mentioned in the mention of kings. They have artistic influences. The Nabataeans benefited from their important geographical location and the architectural influences that painted clear and influential lines In their general lives of art, sculpture, goddess, carvings, ornaments and coins that directly affected their political, social and economic situation in the Nabatean kingdom.

Sheds many researchers and authors their attention on Syria's history that have passed the important events have had a significant impact on the history of the Arab world, so I studied the history of Syria from various aspects, especially by the Syrians researchers are particularly Arabs and researchers in general, however, there are figures had a role important in the events experienced by Syria, was highlighted and the study objectively regardless Nadar about the different roles and positions taken by those figures, but it has become important that can not for the researcher to ignore without focus, especially outside Syria because the political circumstances in Syria reflected on Many researchers who were not objective in their judgments on those figures. Sabri al-Asali is one of the most prominent figures we have mentioned, and it was necessary to examine the policy followed by the Sabri al-Asali in the history of Syria and its impact on the course of events, whether in Syria or the Arab surroundings. The personal Sabri al-Asali influential axis in the course of political events not only in Syria but in the Arab region, and it was this role a reflection of the importance of Syria's strategy for the Arab world, and that his position on the Charter triple, and also had a prominent role in exposing the killers of Adnan al-Maliki, who was standing behind Western countries, and as well as his role in the case of Suez and stand Syria, along with Egypt in this serious issue despite the warning Western countries to Syria for non-participation in this important issue, but Sabri al-Asali announced parking Syria, along with Egypt.

Egyptian workers Feast of the most prominent social forces which put an end to many of the political positions .vkan big for their role in putting an end to stop the conflict between Gamal Abdel Nasser and Muhammad Naguib as a result of different ideas and attitudes between Abdel Nasser and Naguib where to stop workers by side Abdel Nasser and the survival of the revolution July 23, 1952 being a revolution that raised their social status, who was a persecutor of the Royal .vkan time of the demonstrations and strikes by workers are met by the interval word in ending the conflict .
The other role played by Egyptian workers is in the tripartite aggression against Egypt in 1956 where banded with Arab workers in order to narrow the blockade of the aggressor States and not to provide them disembark and the District of their ships was for that position is to force the aggressor to stop fighting on Egypt and withdrawal from occupied countries. To that position was taken by the Egyptians workers which is to expand Hathm and status in Egyptian society.

The political history of Morocco of important topics in the history of modern and contemporary Arab world.
Morocco has won independence in 1956 marked the beginning of the growth of the political life of the Ohaddab through a new political organizations. Those parties to form a mosaic Aftah political and intellectual diversity in the country can not deny the role of organizations and parties in the face of resistance and colonists, both in mobilizing the masses or in the delivery of voice of the people to the Arab and international public opinion and to achieve its goals in the attainment of freedom and independence. Socialist Union of Popular Forces Party, a party that was after defecting from the National Union Party was able to impose his name as an opposition party, which had a deeper impact in influencing the political reality and the power of existing decisions there. This study aimed to trace the history of Socialist Union of Popular Forces as part of the history of the Moroccan national movement during the time period spanning 1975-1996, is the first history of the extraordinary congress of the party, and the second to declare the Constitution, who supported the party in favor of the referendum in the first time.