Alustath Journal for Human and Social Sciences

This paper deals with Al-jawahiri\\'s poetry in 1920 . At this period , his poetry was characterized by being imitative in form and content. Al-jawahiri remained prisoned at this close environment at Al-Najaf even after his move to Baghdad in 1927. He continue to imitate and follow the old inheritance till 1932. For critics, this period is central for two reason : first, Al-jawahiri was not honest in his 1920 poems because these poems didn\\'t stem from an experience based on honest feelings. Second the poetry of this period was characterized by weakness of structure and meaning due to his dependence on old dictionaries and read, made poetic expression. This made his poetry lack literary, creativity and poetic prominence. This paper deals with these two points mentioned above to support the hypothesis put forward. The paper also includes an introduction and the main conclusions arrived at in addition.

Morphology is an a ccurate and highly branched science. My experience teaching it made me realize some axes that either applied today or hoped to de applied soon. In my research – Morphology From Ancients to Modernists, A Modern approach to its Education- I used the ancients\\' argument concerning the difficulty of this science, as areference to base my research upon. Thus based on its mechanisms of modernizations, I have divided this research, in order to make it easier for academic students, into anumber of axes that include mathematical teaching with figures and equations, in order for it to be memorized and easily rememberd by students during their exams and for their scientific future in general.
In addition, an acoustic curriculum should be adopted during morphology classes so that the information is more frequently repeated and again making it easier for students.
Also, explaining the indications of morphological construction so that the students can recognize their uses and use them correctly in their academic future. For ther more, releasing morphology from stagnation into revitalization and motion making it a more desirable science for studying. This process is, of course, dependent upon the provided time factor, the techniques used in students\\' examinations (Which are based on written exams) and using the Holy Quran verses, Arabic poems, and literary prose instead of normal examples currently in use-finally I have highlighted the significance of technically performing these points to make students realize how computer science development can server this science.

The study was taken from the color sociology as a pattern of the Quran desecration as a symbol of social aspects expressed by the Color icon. The color represented a wide presence in the Quran code by employing White color with a social multiple sign of religious, social, miraculous , description trends and case of stubborn human. The use of green color in many ways in the description of the plant is a symbol of fertility , life, miraculous ability and description of clothes and furniture of the people of paradise. While the yellow color is an icon color represents the non-obedience and , stinginess and description the fire of hell, miraculous ability, Torment and death. While the black color signifies the social group , doctrine , miracle and description of the case of unbelievers. While the recruitment of red color indicates the statement of ability of miracle aesthetics. The implications of the Blue color are to the description and loss of the eyes of the unbelievers.

The paper entitled \\"Conflict in Al-Ozla wa Qaryniha (Isolation and its Peer) poem by Fawzi Kareem poet – Textual Study\\" consists of a textual study of the poem and investigates conflict topic which represents its cornerstone. The poem is based on the conflict between two matters and that of the conflict as well. The paper attends to three issues:
1. Conflict between stability and change: The stability of isolation and change of death. Change happens in the man, animal and space-time domain.
2. Conflict connotation within the poem: How is conflict semantically formed in the poem stanza?
3. Conflict between the connotation of separation and that of coherence: Coherence appears in reference to pronouns, additives and lexical coherence.

The emotional turmoil is evident in the poetry of Sayab, as the poet felt the decline and turmoil about the nature of the sensitive feelings of pent-up feelings were an obstacle to the continuation of his relationship with the emotional love of women who were inspired by poetry, was a mirror of the truth of the suffering of the grief and concerns remained locked The walls of his heart and his memory burdened with thousands of pictures, as well as his finite sense of deprivation of those who love and love, and released the groans, and shed tears on the desperate love finds no place in the circle of living reality.
So Sayab was bleeding from his wounds, and he despaired of his cold, self-effacing unity, which was not unbroken by pain, pain and sorrowful memories, painted by symbols and names of his loved ones in the verses of his poems, an expression of his turbulent discontent and his disillusionment with these Sweeties.

All of us know autobiography is the written type that related to \"I\" author, which is relevant to his experience life and written: their worries, affairs, sorrows, and concerns. Basically, it expresses a special case of cases of the story of human being worthy to be told. Therefore many biographies are interested with others in the same facts, attitudes, accidents and conditions. The privacy of the case is highlighted when considering the self-motivated, cultural background of the writer, his talent, creative vision and what is consequent according to that structure of private narrative hesitates between loyalty of the real reference or inevitability of the literary formulating. Then distinguishing one autobiography from another by expressing it\'s implicit denotations, track in the cross of the barrier between the private and the public and it\'s way in writing the experience not just writing it. Hence this study appeared to show how to diagnosis the nature of literary for this type, drawing it\'s historical background and it\'s relationship with literary trends in the modern Arabic prose especially the novel, which was nearest to it and most impact in its development, then stand on the denotations type of autobiography, the role of motivation, cultural background, creative vision and the talent in formulating the referential aspect through my book \"days\" and \"my life\" the two outcome out the study of comparison which settlement in the field of Arabic autobiography in modern way, telling similar accidents in many times, and telling autobiography of life in different ways that giving a clear picture of comparison through literary perspective then stand on the more accurate literary concept of this writing type about the self, finally we stand on how to draw the literary perspective and determine it in the field of autobiography through managing the most important construction of telling the narrative as an important tool of comparison to diagnosis the literary perspective by studying how to tell and use the voice, the kind of description, it\'s function of comparison, the measure of availability in choosing text to differentiate the function of the study for these texts which as long as stopped by critics. The study concluded that the literary function of autobiography is unstable in which it is found in one study and absent from another.

This research is an attempt to trace the root (Menen) in the Holy Quran, and to identify its significance in terms of voice and lexicon, as well as its Quranic significance, and we found that these indications are almost similar, and sometimes may vary. Means strength and weakness, which is one of the antibodies mentioned by the language. The meanings mentioned by the dictionaries of this root have exceeded 30 meanings, while the ten did not exceed the Koran .

During the study and the research of the poems of \'Safay AL-Din AL-Hilly\' it was clear he was successful eapcially he chose the words and the meaning from his educational dictionary which is full wonder and beauty. His education support him in arranging his thoughts in his poems that he was a great poet of anice harmony
In addition to that safay AL-Din added to his poems more power and beauty to make them were got on with his education.
In his poem he used metaphore which they declear his thoughts which he got them from nature and its to attractive sights and beautiful colours.

The novel is the closest gender to reality, although the novel is not devoid of fiction of its author , but realism is the predominant characteristic of it, especially the Iraqi novel, which has been characterized since its existence with this feature, but the reality means within represents things by the closest in the world of reality this is also influenced by the artist\'s inclinations and way of his understanding and angle of view we are in this research we are with two novels approaching without a literal photographic match with that reality which is the obvious context in this text and its baseline reference for it. We found a lot of common and converging reasons between these two novels, especially the intentional categories of their character , as well as tracking the recent history of the presence of Christians in Iraq. The coexistence of the sons of this community before the many changes and the transformations that took place after 2003 and the fact that many of sons of this segment were forced to leave the country either coerced or chosen that.

Linguistic texts are regarded as a focus attention of linguistic and rhetorical lessons since the mid of 1960s and linguistic texts dignified the text together with its major structure. Thus , the current research paper is an applied attempt of one of textual standards (coherence) by one of its means (semantic relations) on poetic texts of the Abbasid poet (Ibn Duraid Al-Azdi) (Died 321 A.H.) to discover the text liability in the field of cohesion and communication and that poet applied to read the text and extrapolated what connecting its concepts out of its relations .The current research paper consists of two sections .Section one is entitled “Relations of Subordination” .Section two is entitled “Relations of Coordination”. The two sections discussed the poets vision and ideas of the linguistic text in the perspective of its semantic relations. The paper has been supplied by many references and bibliographies.

The theme of the sensory and mental image in their general sense is a starting point for poets to enrich their poetic experiences and draw their artistic paintings that reflect their intellectual visions, feelings and emotions, taking into account the reality of living and imagination. This research deals with the patterns of sensory and mental images of the Iraqi expatriate poet Hakim Nadim Al- Daoudi, and reflects his poetic experiences, which were filled with visions, ideas and feelings in a beautiful artistic style with profound connotation based on his cultural references and linguistic vocabulary, which we rarely find in other poets who write in a non- native language. This is what enriched his poetic texts in terms of his realistic vision of the problems of his society with his intellectual and political dimensions, which cast a shadow on the identification of the features of his sensory and mental image, and the fact that he employs them through what he sees, hears, smells, touches, and tastes, his poetic vision formed a spirtual, spiritual paintings that takes the recipient away to the poetic self- worlds to share his artistic experience.
The research plan is based on the descriptive analytical approch divided in to two chapters, one of which deals with sensory images of the visual , physical, auditory, tactile and tactile types. In the second chapters we discussed the mental images that included the avator and the abstract images, concluded with the main findings of the research.

Communication process for human being languages is based on a repository of words that represent a set of meanings, while meanings are either originated from traditions which is the society heritage of practices and experiences or it might be mental meanings resulting from the logic of outcome and cause to convey the message or it might be perceptional meaning which is the fruit of sensation impact and utilizing awareness as the baseline; considering these different meanings a clear distinction between merely Listening process & Listening with awareness and because of this obvious difference I revisited some of the sonic linguistic indications in Holy Quran related to sound intense; where I classified these indications into three levels, first is low degree sounds ( low vocals such as whispered) while the second is the medium degree and third was given to the strong intensive sounds that exceed the human being ability to bear it such as \\"Sayha\\" and \\"Sakhah\\" – Judgment day Shout- and might cause death; Arabic language successfully proved its consistent structure verified through Holy Quran ability to use it to effectively with the various intellectual requirement for all mental areas and purposes.

Linguistic sounds are studied by two branches: phonetics and phonology. The orientalists have studied Arabic phonemes and their phonetic variance like slanting or intensification in the field of phonetics because they are pronunciational changes that do not alter the meaning of the word in Arabic.
Most orientalists see the historical transformations of sounds (unconditional) are from phonetics whereas other orientalists, while others view it as being part of phonology. The orientalists paid great attention to the study of the structural changes of sounds (conditional) like assimilation, and substitution and other phenomena which are subjected to the phonetic laws that enter in phonology.

This research aims at studying (Shadows of Body …Banks of Desire) by Sa\\'ad Mohammed Raheem in its first publication that has been rewarded of (Katara Prize for Arabic Novel ) in 2016 which was classified in the category of unpublished novels. From the cultural criticism point of view, the narrative texts contain much cultural coordination behind the pragmatic meanings as well as the beauty that’s hidden under the skin of the text itself. The study also focuses on the feminine voice and the ways that it appears and disappears in the text especially when it\\'s taken from the symbol of feminism Rawa\\'a Al- Attar (The Player) who intends to put full constrain on shattering masculine attendance as well as destroying the general idea of traditions. It is more like a breakthrough the old traditions. The novel also contains some male characters that make the tension and argument even bigger along the story.

Indirect object and Adverbials are two syntactic components of language which play an outstanding role and are expected to be found in the verb phrase taking the form of prepositional phrase and explaining the meaning of the verb. This study which is entitled “The Border between Indirect object and Adverbial in Kurdish Sentence” is an effort to identify these two topics and differentiate them from each other since they are too close to each other to a degree that most Kurdish linguists don’t recognize each of them. Accordingly, this research is composed of two parts. The first part deals with the Indirect Object and Adverbial Phrases in detail while the second part tries to demarcate these two topics and show the points of difference between them. Finally, there is the conclusion followed by the list of the references.

The research studied a number of cases of belonging the adverbs and the prepositional phrases in the view of the ancient grammarians and the opinion of modern scholars in looking on our grammar heritage with regard to these cases of hand giving a wide area to accentuate attitudes of a number of modern scholars, including the other hand, some of those who affected modern linguistic theories, or based in the situation their opinions to the view of the people of Kufa, mainly facilitating grammar instead of making it difficult for the learners, while some others kept on insisting on AL –Basryeen\'s opinions, and loyal to the influence of the syntactic basis. The researcher has variety of reactions :supporting or rejecting suggesting; for us , we intend to facilitate syntax because it became an imposed necessity by the nature of modern life and emphasized the commitment by the originality of consciousness .

The current research is considered one of researches and analytical studies handling the preach of Mrs. FATIMAT AL-ZAHRAA ( Peace upon her) in the mosque of her father the Messenger of God ( Peace upon him) for asking for her rights in the land of Fidak. We should mediate the vocabularies of that great historic preach and its accurate meanings , in addition to her coherent style and purposes she wants to get them to the people . Actually ,the preach is a human document of great value , having deep meanings that we could not aware of . The research includes an introduction, two researches and conclusion. The first research includes educational dimensions of Fadkiyah preach an it includes : Committing to the veil , Commencing the mentioning of Allah , Self- control and attitude confronting, Sincerity and integrity of talk , Asking for the rights. The second research includes the purposes of protestation in holy Quran , then conclusion and results

This research deals with form, style and language in Kurdish poetry. These elements are considered essential for the construction of the poem. In the current research, we adopted the classical Kurdish style of poetry, which prevailed until the early 1920s. The classics notice their close relationship between the style of their notice and the language in which they wrote that notice.
And then we talked about the modern poetry and style and language in which he wrote this poetry or type of poetry and made us of the Koran and Sheikh Nuri Sheikh Saleh model .As for the second section, we dealt with the form in modern Kurdish poetry and how it evolved and its relation to the language of poetry. We have seen that there is a close relationship between form, style and language as one of the most prominent artistic features is the language and style of the poet in terms of its impact on the reader.

Moalaghat Sab, in Arabic literature, are the elegiac poems which have been known as the masterpiece of the Arabic literature before Islam. Writers and text-researchers have studied these poems from different aspects. The most obvious of it, is the declarative and verbal elegances or fluency and eloquence. Some have studied them from direction of their subject. The main question is what the most important subjects that have been recited abut woman are. The authors of this article have tried to study these subject by using descriptive and analytic methods: social personality of woman, the value and the place of woman, intolerance and enthusiasm toward woman, description of beauties of woman, kind of clothing and jewels in Moalaghat. If elegiac poems have been recited about the appearance of woman and if poets have material viewpoint toward woman, it originated from their environment. They also have viewpoints beyond appearance. Like Amr the son of Kolsoom who have defended from position and place of woman the more complete beautifully. Despite of poet’s material viewpoint toward woman, they were so prejudiced in deffence from woman at the time of war or indignity. They also could tolerate any disrepute and humiliation.

The Andalusian poets were given a magical nature , in which the Andalusia souls were most concerned , and their senses and their interests were expressed. The expressions of nature appeared in their various manifestations in many or all of the Andalusian poets works .
I chose among these poets Ibn Mujbar , known as Bohtori Al Andalus , to be the subject of our research .It dealt with an introduction and two articles , the first one deals with The Vocabulary of silent nature , the second one deals with The Vocabulary of living nature , and I ends this research with conclusion of the most important results that emerged from the research .