Journal of Al-qadisiya in arts and educational sciences

This research comes to study the conjunction letter (or) and the meaning of permissiveness and benevolence, and to indicate their meaning, and to try to follow their different positions in the Holy Quran, which has been stipulated by scholars, and the nature of the Quranic use of the meaning of benevolence in the Holy Quran, and the impact of the Maqam in the use of benevolence in the

This research sought to provide an impartial and unbiased observation
of a phenomenon that found its way into the world of literature during the Umayyad and Abbasid periods, namely It is a phenomenon of Anomie, This manifested itself in two main directions, one frivolous and immoral, and the other serious and purposeful.
These two trends indicate spontaneity in the frivolous trend and mass political awareness in the serious, purposeful trend.
The moral judgment on them is left to history.

This research sought its mediation to dive in search of the critical authority of the language and its impact on creativity, so we dealt with the first axis of creativity and power in terms of meaning and in terms of the relationship between them. As for the second axis, in it, the limits of that critical authority of the language were standing, and it was examples of vocal harmony and the structure of the word and the Arabs, as well as the research on the issue of rejecting the measurement and the refusal of the boy, the Arabization and the intruder and the refusal of semantic development, and this came within the extent of (adherence to the disclosure). All that was presented in the research came with poetic evidence and critical opinions. We have found that the language represented a critical authority of its strength and influence, which made the poets submit and comply with its limits, except what is said, and perhaps it will count from the abnormal and rare.

The research dealt with the Qur’anic quotation in the poetry of Sayyid Haidar al-Hilli, as a prominent feature in his poetry, and it was divided into two sections. The first dealt with direct quotation, while the second dealt with indirect and allusive quotation. After an investigative journey in the poet’s poetry, it became clear to the researcher that Qur’anic quotations dominated the poet’s poems, and this matter stems from his Qur’anic culture that permeated his consciousness. Moreover, he devoted most of his poems to glorifying the family of the Prophet and defending them, as they are the justice of the Qur’an and its interpreter, one of which is inseparable from the other, but rather they are emotionally connected in the collective consciousness of Muslims, which is what the poet Haidar al-Hilli did well in employing.

This research penetrates between the proposed circles and poetic colors
The presented circle lays down a theoretical basis for Hurriyya’s poetry and promises application. Most of these poems do not exactly match the basis that Al-Khalil uses in his circles of prosody. Therefore, we decided to look at the most important differences between the differences of the accidental and what they organize, and we found the difference. We explained that in the folds of the research.
As for the second part of the lesson, which is the presentations with distance and reasons, it did not find a place for it in the presentation circles, so it is a science outside of what Al-Khalil uses part of in application, and we do not find it in theorizing.
There is a third section that does not contain the circles of presentation other than rhyme, which is also part of presentation, so it is an independent science in itself
Accordingly, the Hebron Stream only advances the form in theory, as it lays down for us the foundations that are compatible with all seas, but in practice, it seeks sound changes that have no place in the occasional steps.

The Libyan Jihad Movement is considered the first liberation movement in the Arab and African worlds. This research aims to shed light on its most important political and military features, and it is a serious attempt to provide a clear and comprehensive picture that the Arab Libyan people did not face the invading Italians by raising the white flag, but rather confronted the invasion with rare and great sacrifices that had major repercussions at the Arab and international levels. This is discussed in the first section

The Arabic language exists on several levels. Among these levels is the language that flows from pure sources whose clarity has not been disturbed by any trace of grammatical error or foreign influence. This form appears on the tongues of the eloquent Arabs who have drawn from the pure wellspring of Arabic. Another level is that which occurs on the tongues of its scholars who have been occupied with it and with teaching it. Through their engagement with the language, they developed particular concepts and consequently coined terms for these concepts by which their linguistic performance became distinguished. When speaking about Arabic, one inevitably speaks of its fresh root and its leading authority from whom abundant knowledge has flowed: Sibawayh (d. 180 AH), who has enriched Arabic from the earliest reception of it until the present day.
Sibawayh possessed a particular performance and a linguistic conduct that distinguished him in analysis, exemplification, and responses. From all this richness emerged the concept of “trustworthiness” (thiqah) as an evaluative concept that found its way from Islamic sciences, among them the science of hadith. Sibawayh—being a product of these sciences—drew from them several concepts and terms, among them thiqah, which is the subject of this study. Thus, the research deemed it necessary to examine this performance through definition, application, and investigation of its occurrences in al-Kitāb.
The study is entitled “The Impact of Trustworthiness on Linguistic Performance According to Sibawayh.” It seeks to examine an important aspect of sociolinguistics, namely scientific language, as it discusses the linguistic performance of one of the scholars of Arabic, Sibawayh, through the perspective of his terminology. Among these terms is thiqah, by which is meant the mechanism used by Sibawayh as evidence in transmission, whether from his teachers or from the Bedouins whom he heard directly. Thus, the authority of trustworthiness became one of the mechanisms of argumentation in his method. Sibawayh expressed this mechanism in two ways: first, by using the verbal sentence, and second, by using the nominal sentence, so that the study arrives at the most important results arising from all of this usage.
The research was divided into four sections. The first was concerned with explaining the meaning of thiqah in language and terminology. The second was concerned with explaining the meaning of trustworthiness in the science of hadith as the discipline most closely connected with this term. The third section explained the meaning of trustworthiness in al-Kitāb, and the fourth traced the occurrences of thiqah and its derivatives in al-Kitāb. The research concludes with general results from which the reader may benefit.

This research took care of the argumentative techniques used in the book (Durar al-Samt fi Khabar al-Sibt) by Ibn al-Abbar al-Andalusi d (658 AH), which was employed in order to convince the recipient of what he believes in in terms of beliefs, ideas and opinions. God be upon him and his family), which occurred to them at the hands of the Umayyads, from the usurpation of the caliphate by the Commander of the Faithful Ali bin Abi Talib (peace be upon him) to the incident of the martyrdom of Al-Hussein (peace be upon him), as well as the transmission of some events and narrations related to the Prophet and his pure house (peace be upon them). These techniques are divided into three sections, the first: the technique (the authority of the religious text), which means the pressing power exercised and imposed by the religious text on the recipient in order to convince him of the idea presented in the text, and the second: (the technique of the witness), which is intended to employ the poetic witness and its significance to clarify the place of pilgrims to the recipient The third: (rhetorical arts technique), which is the use of rhetorical arts, because it is a means of persuasion and understanding, and then influencing the recipient to accept the idea that came from the argumentative text.

This research examines the epistemological formation of the rationale for the term Nūn al-Wiqāyah (the epenthetic nūn) within the classical Arabic grammatical corpus, tracing the concept in light of modern linguistics and syllabic approaches. The study's core problematic lies in the dominance of the mechanical paradigm over traditional grammatical reasoning, which reduced the Nūn's function to merely preventing the verb from taking a Kasrah, thereby obscuring its profound structural and semantic dimensions. After dismantling the linear narrative of Nūn al-Wiqāyah through epistemological excavations, the research highlights the paradigmatic rupture introduced by Ibn Mālik, who linked the nūn to the process of disambiguation. While this constituted an advanced functional leap, it remained an isolated textual instance outside the cumulative system of traditional codification. To establish an explanatory alternative, the study employs the tools of syllabic phonology and morpho-syntactic analysis to demonstrate that the epenthesis of the Nūn represents a response to a dual constraint. First, the syllabic system imposes a phonotactic necessity to bridge the vocalic hiatus by providing an onset for a heavy syllable. Second, there is a morpho-pragmatic necessity to preserve grammatical categories and safeguard structural and inflectional markers from neutralization and erasure, thereby ensuring the integrity of predication and preventing syntactic ambiguity. The research concludes by coining the term "Syllable-Differentiating Nūn" (Nūn al-Tamāyuz al-Maqṭaʿī), positing it as the most precise concept to encapsulate the systemic function of this epenthesis.

Industrial activity is one of the human activities that have the most environmental damage affecting the environment, foremost of which is human health and living organisms such as plants and animals. What the industry has achieved in terms of progress, development and consumption of fossil fuels, as a reflection on the quality of the pollutants resulting from them, so the study came to show the reality of industrial activity in Al-Muthanna Governorate, and the role of regulatory environmental institutions in an attempt to limit industrial activity in environmental pollution, through the application of environmental standards in institutions industrial activities in Al-Muthanna Governorate, monitoring and evaluating compliance with environmental requirements for each type of industrial activity, and activating the role of environmental awareness. Among the incorrect behaviors in the application of environmental requirements, the reason is due to the lack of financial allocations, the weakness in providing environmental assessment tools from the pollutant monitoring agencies, and the weakness in the application of environmental laws.

This study dealt with the primary education stage in the schools of Samawah city. The first section dealt with sustainable urban development, its concept and objectives, while the second section dealt with the geographical distribution of these schools and their indicators. The study reached the conclusion that primary schools have achieved development indicators in the number of schools compared to the number of residents, as the city needs (96) schools and there are (111) primary schools available at the city level. As for the area indicator, it recorded (12 m) per student, which is less than the specified standard (18 m) per student. Regarding the indicator of the use of technology in education, there is no school that uses modern technologies to deliver educational material to students.

This research investigates the historical, literary and ideological cultural references in the poetry collection of Zuhair Ibn Janab Al-Kalbi and explains them, and the cultural patterns that accompanied these references, accompanied by personal motives that inspired the poet to write his poetic texts and broadcast them to the recipient. Making them literary documents of diverse events, people, facts, beliefs and cultures, they clearly and credibly revealed the reality of pre-Islamic Arab society at that time from the perspective of a wise poet.

This research aims to address the narrative structure in the collection of poems (Nietzsche's Balcony) by the Iraqi poet Ibrahim Al-Bahrazi, and to identify the most important narrative forms that the poet benefited from, in light of the transformation in the concept of poetry and the overlap between literary genres, and the benefit from other arts (auditory and visual), as the linguistic work and the use of colloquial language had an impact in shaping his poetic text, hence the importance of studying the narrative structure in his collection, when it tries to uncover the problematic structures and the most important narrative elements that the poet benefited from. The study first addressed the concept of narration, then touched on the narrative and poetic in terms of convergence and cross-pollination, and after that it touched on the most important narrative forms contained in the collection, distributed between the story, the tale and the biography in both its types, and in the second section the study touched on a structural artistic issue, which is the narrative elements that the poet's texts contained.

This research examines the applications of deconstructionist criticism in the novel "Youssef" by novelist Rasmiya Muhaibis, through an integrated theoretical and applied approach. The first section reviews the concept of deconstruction linguistically and terminologically, tracing its philosophical roots in the thought of Jacques Derrida, and outlining its transformation from the realm of philosophy to the field of literary criticism, where it became a tool for dismantling established binaries and revealing internal contradictions within texts. The most prominent characteristics of deconstruction are also presented: the destabilization of meaning, the critique of centrality, the reading of absence, and the multiplicity of interpretations.
The second section provides an overview of the novel "Youssef" as a narrative text where the personal intersects with the social, and the emotional with the political. The novel is then analyzed according to the mechanisms of deconstruction, through a reading of selected scenes that demonstrate how identity is reproduced and how binaries such as life/death, beauty/blood, writer/exile, and homeland/survival are dismantled. The focus has been on language as a tool for deconstruction, not for fixation, and on absence as a semantic center, not a deficiency.

The present research analyses the issue of conspiracy in Thomas Pynchon’s The Crying of Lot 49, in order to study how postmodern features, such as; narrative structures, ambiguity and symbolic language, contribute to the creation of a sense of paranoia and epistemological uncertainty. The protagonist (Oedipa Maas) is presented as the reader's guide through a fragmented reality, and the focus is on the Trystero system as a search for meaning in a world warped by information, technology and noise.

The present study aims to explore the relationship between the psychological shadow and emotional awareness among university students, identify the level of each variable, and examine the differences in both variables according to gender and academic specialization. The research sample consisted of (250) male and female students from Al-Qadisiyah University for the academic year 2024-2025, selected through stratified random sampling.
Using appropriate statistical methods, the study reached the following results: University students possess a moderate level of psychological shadow and a moderate to high level of emotional awareness. There is a statistically significant negative correlation between psychological shadow and emotional awareness (r=-0.54). There are statistically significant differences in psychological shadow according to gender, in favor of males. There are no significant differences in emotional awareness according to academic specialization.

This study compares the intellectual and spiritual aspects of faith, commitment, and sacrifice in selected poems of George Herbert and Abdulrazak Abdulwahid regarding the enduring influence of Imam Hussein's valiant stance at the Battle of Karbala and the sacrifice of Jesus Christ. These poems are motivating, effective, and thought provoking. They serve as a potent reminder of the persistent principles of justice, altruism, and unwavering commitment. The current study demonstrates the timeless concept of surviving against catastrophic event. It follows that both Jesus Christ and Imam Hussein were steadfastly devoted to their faiths. This study is of great importance to scholars of English literature, literary critics, and students of English literature because it is the first investigation of themes such as martyrdom and its impact on believers and followers of these two religious figures in particular. Furthermore, it provides a fertile background to help readers interpret, relate, and contemplate these themes in the light of religious beliefs.

There is no doubt that the theory of possible worlds is one of the theories adopted by the field of logic. For its ability to delve into purely abstract, conceptual issues, but at the same time it was borrowed in the field of literary criticism to occupy a significant space in the field of approaching creative literary texts, especially in the field of textual semiotics. Thanks to critics and philosophers who have the ability to move between various fields of knowledge, such as: Pavel, Umberto Eco, and others. The novel is considered a fertile field for the work of the theory of possible worlds and its applications due to the hybrid nature of this art in that it includes elements from two worlds that are different in nature, but do not intersect: the actual real world, and the creative imaginative artistic world, and its ability to create copies similar to the world of actual reality that is actually achieved. We realize it, we live it, and its features actually become clear to the reader as he engages in the act of reading and receiving. We chose the novel The Chalk Door by the novelist Ahmed Saadawi to be a field for this research in which we seek the ability of the mechanism of possible worlds to seek the artistry of the text as an interpretive strategy that assumes an interpretive solidarity between an exemplary author and reader.

The research studied two narrative texts by the novelist Abdul Khaliq Al-Rikabi, namely the two short stories (The Wall of Guns and Imagination), from his single short story collection (The Wall of Guns); and he tried to describe and analyze the features of erasing the two previous stories, and building his novel (The Parchments of Speech) on top of the erased pages, using the technique of (retreat then expansion).

The manifestations of pollution within the study area include air, water, and soil, as well as pollution resulting from solid waste. As is well known, air pollution represents a mixture of these factors, dynamically a complex containing gaseous compounds and particles generated from various and diverse sources subject to weather changes, and varying according to place and time. Among the manifestations of pollution spreading in the city's atmosphere, resulting from car exhaust, power generation stations, as well as factories, the city witnesses a concentration of carbon dioxide levels (CO2The concentration levels vary between the two sides of the city, ranging from high to low depending on the nature of the concentration near stations and factories, as well as other gases present in the city's atmosphere. Regarding the pH level of the river channel, The highest concentration level was reached (PH) Within the Khosr River estuary, the average concentration was (7.8) according to the field survey and data from the Remote Sensing and Space Sensing Center for 2025, while the highest concentration rate reached (PHThe soil content was (7.5) within the area of the right side of the city landfill (Al-Sahaji). The soil was classified as slightly alkaline, and the areas of soil pollution were concentrated to the east and west of the study area. The data was obtained through samples from the Central Soil Laboratory at the University of Mosul for the year 2025. The work included field visits and relied on recent laboratory data and samples, in addition to using the (Arc GIS 10.8) To draw maps such as the map of the study area location and other maps .

The African continent, particularly its eastern and southern parts, has attracted the attention of European travelers, missionaries, and trading companies since the fifth century AD. Geographical discoveries paved the way for colonial powers to penetrate the region to achieve their goals and pave the way for colonization and plundering of its abundant natural resources, including the slave trade. European travelers and explorers provided sufficient and comprehensive information through their writings and reports, tracing the course of rivers in the region for the purpose of controlling it. This was the motivation behind the choice of topic.

This research focuses on two important questions: The first asks about the term “wonder” among the ancients and moderns, and traces its movement along the path of terminology, confirming that it was not a forcefully dropped attribute, nor an addition separated from the concept. Then it presents a classification approach to the work of wonder within the divisions: predicate, construction, obligatory and non-obligatory. the duty.
The second question starts from the limits of interpretive practice, and works on discussing Al-Tahir bin Ashour’s approaches to the work of wonder in the Qur’anic discourse, focusing on an important part of it, which is the wonder of what happens, based on the belief that wonder is a matter of fact, so he tries to reveal the Qur’an’s method in Conjuring something other than reality, realizing it and making it equal to reality, then being amazed by it.

portraying them as Hermetic legacies, and even attributes some sermons of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) to Hermetic gnosis—despite Imam Ali being regarded as the first founder of Islamic gnosis and the Shi‘a its earliest adherents. The research concludes that al-Jabri approached Shi‘i heritage from an external perspective, influenced by the Orientalist Henry Corbin and his terminology, aiming to undermine the epistemological methods of mystics in interpreting religious texts.
The study adopts a critical analytical methodology.