Journal of The Iraqi University

Summary
Being satisfied with the meaning is one of the important foundations in choosing a section of the vocabulary and its structures in the sentence, in order to reach more than one meaning in the briefest expression, taking into account the good timbre of these meanings for the listener, as they are related in one context. The sufficiency is achieved by deleting a word or phrase from the text, as the place requires mentioning two things between them that are related and related, so one of them is sufficient for the other. The research was based on a method that combines description and analysis, and the research included a preface in the definition of sufficiency, and three sections: sufficiency in remembrance of free, sufficiency in remembrance of silence, sufficiency in remembrance of good, and sufficiency in remembrance of the unseen and the righteous. From the evidence that has been studied, it appears that the saying of sufficiency was not the most correct opinion among many commentators.

ABSTRACT
This research deals with the Qur’anic recitations contained in Sunan Abi Dawood, an interpretive study, based on the fact that hadith books are a field of narrations in recitations. Hadith scholars and its commentators made great efforts in collecting, documenting and mentioning the narrations of recitations in their works. The hadith narrations in the Qur’anic recitations need the realization of other fields of knowledge, such as the science of interpretation, in order to clarify the intention of God Almighty from the Qur’anic discourse. If we need to take advantage of the Hadith scholars’ approach in collecting and documenting narrations, we also need to implement the interpretive field in them, and this is a fortiori.
It is not hidden from everyone with knowledge and insight that there is a close relationship between the science of readings, the science of interpretation and the science of hadith, as all of these sciences are in the field of the knowledge system that is concerned with the Qur’anic discourse. Therefore, it was necessary to reconsider the study of the narrations of Qur’anic recitations in a specialized scientific study, and from this point of view I wanted to contribute to highlighting an interpretive study of one of the books of hadith, so Sunan Abi Dawood was the purpose of this research. I traced the places in which Abu Dawood mentioned his narrations in the recitations, and found that they reached about forty places I found in a book called: The Letters and the Recitations. The importance of the research lies in the fact that Sunan Abi Dawood is one of the six hadith origins, which collected the most authentic hadiths from the Messenger of God, may God bless him and grant him peace, and which included many recitations.
Keywords: Sunan Abi Dawood - Quranic recitations - Narratives of recitations - Interpretive guidance.

Summary:
The title of the research: ((Verification of the manuscript of the interpretation of Surat Al-Fatihah by Al-Dawani((
After explaining to me the great benefit that I derive from it, especially as it relates to the science of interpretation, which requires those who follow the method of knowledge of all sciences: grammar, eloquence, hadith, biography, jurisprudence, the art of investigation is one of the sciences that we have fallen short in, and this will be clarified For the reader of this research, most of the literature written by the Sheikh has not been achieved, and is still on the shelves, hence the importance of this research as it brings out from the hidden a folded note worth reading. And his approach to interpretation, and the investigation department.

Research Summary
I speak in this research, the famous imam reciter, and the modernist, the freed jurist, the well-versed scholar Sultan bin Ahmed Al-Muzahi (d. 1075 AH). Who was famous for scrutinizing art issues and his novels, and was known for the appearance of his personality in his books, and he presented in this research his biography and sheikhs and investigated aspects of his life and efforts in the science of readings and its impact on the Qur’anic school and the reading movement, and the research was characterized by (School of the mark: Sultan Al-Muzahi in the readings), and the research was divided to me:
The first topic: his name, his birth, his upbringing, his old age, and his students
The second topic: his scientific status, the praise of scientists for him, and his writings.
The third topic: its impact and efforts on the reading movement.
Then the conclusion, which contains the most prominent results and recommendations.

summary:
Research Title: ((Provisions of Rites Crowding in Islamic Jurisprudence((
The topic of the research is about one of the pillars of Islam, which is the pilgrimage to the Sacred House of God and the crowding that occurs in it, and the opinions of the jurists on this important and recurring issue. Blessed, and God has blessed me with being with this blessed caravan for many years, so I used to see people crowded at every hair, and at every ritual, and every year the crowds increased, and the people multiplied, and I saw the places of destruction from the intensity of the crowding, people fall and kill under feet, so he fell in It is my heart to write about this subject, the research included two sections: in the first section I explained the linguistic and idiomatic meaning of the vocabulary of the title of the research, with an explanation of the causes of crowding, and in the second section I detailed the statement in some issues that affect the situation of pilgrims and their crowding in rituals, such as sand during circumambulation, and throwing Jamarat, and overnight stay in Mina at Tashreeq.

Abstract:
Title: The Imamate and Its Relation to Creed and What People Must Do Toward Their Guardians
Aims: It Identify the imamate and its relation to creed and what muslims must do toward their guardians
Methods: Inductive analytical approach
Results: It displayed the crucial relationship between the imamate and creed
Recommendations: Learners, teachers and people working in the media should urge obedience to their guardians by writing researches and conducting seminars.
Keywords: Imamate- obedience- guardian

Abstract
The research aims to highlight the importance of moral values and divine laws in achieving social security.
Several demands came in the research, as in the first requirement he defined concepts, including values, which mean the language of a thing of magnitude and idiomatically (the group of morals that make up the fabric of the Islamic personality). Security is a language against fear and idiomatically (a situation in which a person is protected against a threat that threatens him)The second demand came under the title of coexistence among the followers of the monotheistic religions, as coexistence between the adherents of the monotheistic religions is a realistic matter. The humanity that God wanted, as all religions emphasized the preservation of human dignity and the preservation of the human soul. Love, establishing justice and forbidding injustice, giving and giving, and social solidarity
In the conclusion, the results were highlighted, including that the heavenly laws have one source, and that is God, who created and honored man. The heavenly religions agree in the principles and constants of religion, such as belief in God, prophecies, the resurrection, and virtuous morals. All religions called for respecting individuals and guaranteeing their freedoms. And their souls, their money, and their debts.

Summary of the research:
The research is about trying to find solutions that help Muslim families to face the plenty challenges they face in their lives, especially nowadays, through focusing on Sharia objectives, in its different levels, as a source for the families, after Allah, to build themselves initially, then strengthen their bases so they can face the difficulties of life, solve its problems if existed, and the role of Fiqh of balance between the ups and downs in many current circumstances to Muslim families. The importance of the research comes from its being about Sharia objectives, which is a pillar in understanding this great religion, and considering it as a very important helper in dealing with cases, events, and challenges that face Muslims at every time and in any place, and this research is trying to present some practical solutions that help Muslim families shining from Sharia objectives.

Abstract
The mediator to this rule «sheep Balgrm» as well as the base «abscess security», he finds that the general purpose of these rules is to download individual duties and burdens as far as taking features and rights, so that they be equally Kfatta balance in duties and rights, do not weigh one to the other account. With the difference between the two rules, but the rules are the most sincere expression that Islamic Shari'a is based on the straight, justice and equality in all spheres of human life basis.

It is the duty of the Muslim to know what is permissible and what is forbidden, and among the most important of their issues is what is related to a person’s food and drink, as he is inseparable from them. It is necessary to clarify some of the circumstances that float on the scene from time to time, either because some of them raised issues in which the dispute was settled for a long time, or the appearance of developments that require clarification of the legitimate situation of it.
Among these issues is what is related to fish, in this topic entitled: (Some of the provisions of fish in Islamic jurisprudence), the importance of the issue is not hidden, as fish is a part of our food, and there is a lot of confusion about the sanctity of some cases related to it, Therefore, I wanted to discuss this topic to gather the scattered of information, and to clarify the chosen saying on each issue.
The importance of the issue stems from its connection to the lives of many people, especially since large numbers of society depend on fish for food and sale, and they need to be familiar with the legitimate rulings related to it.

Abstract:
The Qur’anic readings are a great and noble knowledge, whose honor is derived from the honor of the one to whom it was attributed, and it was and still is that the hands of scholars crossed it with their oath in classification, composition, collection and arrangement. It is his right to appear and appear, those who transmit him: So that they may take even a small portion of their status and virtue, and from here I thought that the research should conclude with a thorough study that deals with Imam Al-Mutawa, may God have mercy on him, both socially and scientifically.

Abstract
Praise be to God, who sent us His Messenger with guidance and the religion of truth over all religion, and bestowed upon us with His mercy, so He showed us the signs of His Lordship and His justice, and led us with the whips of promise and threat, until we attain His approval and the perfection of His bounty. Born, delivered the message and delivered it and after:-
Try to answer the answer, take the interpreters, try to answer the questions, explain it trying to read it. This topic was chosen to determine this topic, in an attempt to choose the best models for the study, and train them for accuracy: -
• The first research: the reality of customs, and it included two requirements:
The first requirement: the meaning of customs in language and terminology.
The second requirement: words related to customs.
• The second topic: the verses in which the custom is mentioned.
The first requirement: the place and place of revelation of the verses and the occasion.
The second requirement: the owners of customs in the Sunnah.
• The third research: the sayings of scholars in the interpretation of customs.
The first requirement: the scholars of belief.
The second requirement: Sufi scholars.
The third requirement: the sayings of the rest of the scholars and commentators.
The fourth requirement: the most correct opinion and the reasons for weighting.
And in conclusion, I remember what he says in it: “I saw that someone writes a book on his day, and if this was recorded, it would have been better, and if this was added, and if it was recommended, and if it was recommended, and if this was left, it would have been more beautiful, and this is the greatest lesson.”

Research summary
This research titled [Manhaj Ahmed bin Yahya Al-Murtaza (t: 840 Ah) In the study of factions, presentation and study] consists of Introduction and preamble and three sections. The introduction give biography about the life of Ibn Almurtada, heritage and tenure. The first topic talked about his approach in the division of factions, and his position on the talk of parting, and his approach in the division of the assets of factions and their branches, and his approach in the presentation of its genesis, and the first articles, and then the second topic touched on its sources in the study of factions. The third topic focused on factors affecting his approach, conclusions, recommendations and indexes.
Results
1- The validity of the hadith of separation with some defects that were not stated.
2- He divided the origins of the sects into eight: the Kharijites, the Rawafid, the Mu'tazilah, the Murji'ah, the Mujbarh, the Batiniyyah, the Zaydi, and unpopular sects
3- He erred in considering the Zaydis as the surviving group, and he was prejudiced in presenting the evidence for that.
4-His method of dividing the Murji’ah and Al-Majbara divisions was disturbed, and he entered between them, and included in them what was not from them.
5- He relied on: Abu al-Qasim al-Balkhi, al-Hakim al-Jashmi, al-Qadi Abd al-Jabbar, al-Shahristani, and Yahya ibn Hamza in his sources.
6- His method relied on: rational evidence, and the Platonic method in dialogue and discussion.
7-Among the drawbacks to his approach: his inference of generalities to detailed creedal issues, and his refutation of single hadiths; With his martyrdom weak and subject hadiths.
Among the recommendations: paying attention to studies that deal with the impact of the creedal doctrine on scholars’ preferences; Whether in the aspect of jurisprudence, or interpretation, or fundamentalism, or grammar.

Abstract
Talking about color and its significance in Arabic poetry means delving into an important aspect of nature that was - and still is - the secret of the poet's creativity and source of inspiration, as well as what the employment of color occupies from a wide arena in the poetry of Bilanda Al-Haidari, so the poet deliberately explains the effect of colors and what it performs in a job Greater than rhetorical metaphors in conveying the image to the recipient, and in a more effective way, the colors played the largest role in drawing the connotations and achieving the maximum effect in order to deliver them to the recipient who shared the understanding of these connotations, and this study claims (the connotation of color in the poetry of Buland Al-Haidari) that it has a different direction to the studies The previous many descriptive, I aspired and touched the study to reach the poetry of color through color and its connotation and the disparity between them in his poetry, and limited in my study to the texts in which the color appeared with distinct and clear connotations and to suit the research sample in its theoretical and practical side.
Key words / indication- the color- Poetry.

Abstract
The study presents Ibn Abi Al- Rabee 's efforts in the area of linguistics. He is the great grammarian, interpreter, and is considered the pioneer of his age ( 688 Hijri). He was one among many who added an extensive and unique contribution to the area of linguistics. Moreover, he dealt with multiple issues and discussed many linguistic and semantic controversies that are scattered in different resources as well. The study presents the introduction ,and that followed by three parts, with its final conclusions .
The first part illustrates the linguist'life, Ibn Abi Al-Rabee, Allah peace and blessings be on him as well as his famous scientific traces. While the second part illustrates his major efforts in the area of linguistics , the third part concentrates on the study of the semantics analysis for Ibn Abi Al Rabee. The study ends with a conclusion that illustrates certain issues to be taken into consideration.And ask Allah the best of success in all our endeavours.
Reasercher: Dr. Hamid Farhan Jasim Al- Fahdawy

Summary Oath by Ta`a between the exclamation point and other points in the Holy Qur`an .
The idea of the research is based on studying the method of Oath in the Holy Qur`an ,through the letter Ta`a . Scientists have mentioned that swearing by Ta`a is restricted to the word God , and if it is come with a word other than the word of majesty ,it is anomaly .
Scholars have mentioned that the Oath by Ta`a is intended to be the meaning of wonderment , and it is not sworn by it except for something that is not astonishing and it is not sworn by it for something that is astonishing about it .
This Oath came in the holy Qur`an in nine places . The scholars indicated that all of them are intended to be exclamation , and the meaning of exclamation has had an impact on other meanings that were clarified in the applied study in the research . These meanings appeared the verbal and semantic clues that exist in the context of the noble verses that the Oath with Ta`a came with the context of verses that preceded the verse in the Ta`a and verse that followed it .It became clear from the research that these meanings alternate with each other to give the intended meaning determined by the context .

Abstract
The poetry has been given a much attention by the old linguists and grammarians as they considered it the second pillar of quotation after the Holy Koran. On this basis, they build the rules of grammar and its constant principles in language. The word "Example" subsequently has become limited to poetry. We therefore rarely find books of language and grammars devoid of poetic examples to such extent that they become indispensable.The old and late linguists' method is that they quote a lot the poetry whose teller is anonymous if it comes from a trustworthy authority. They, therefore, consider the verses mentioned in Seebawayh's book as the most proper examples adopted by predecessors and successors. Although many of these verses are anonymous, their authenticity and acceptance are unchallenged in the principles of grammar. The Grammarian Ibn Hisham followed the traces of his predecessors in quoting form the anonymous verses especially in his book "Mughni Al-Labeeb in Kutub Al-Aareeb" (The Enricher of The Knowledgeable from The Arab Books) in which he quoted many verses without mentioning their source.This simple paper is a study and analysis for some of the anonymous poetic examples. I present the grammatical points for which these examples are mentioned and the grammarians' views for them. I found some of these anonymous examples attributed to some poets, but mostly their tellers are still unknown as mentioned by the enquirers of grammar books in which these examples are mentioned.

Summary
The research dealt with the subject of Qurtub’s readings in his book Meanings of the Qur’an and the interpretation of the problem of its expression. The researcher tried to reveal Qutub’s position on the Qur’anic readings. The research focused on what Qutub described as readings in terms of which he understood his weakness; Like the desirable and the abnormal, and the researcher tried to identify the causes of anomaly at Qutub, and what was he based on in launching these descriptions, and whether his grammatical doctrine had a role in describing the readings with these descriptions, and the researcher also stood on the directions that Qutb gave what he described as abnormal and desirable from the readings, and between The researcher is the sections of anomaly at Qutub, and what is meant by Qutb of each of them, and what can be directed to the readings linguistically, which Qutub did not mention, and then concluded with some of the results recorded at the end of the research.

Abstract
The research entitled (The procedural dimension between the controls of reading the Glorious Qur’an literary discourse and contemporary criticism approaches) focuses on the nature of the principles and mechanisms with which modern scholars deal with the texts of the Glorious Qur’an. There are multiple studies that they follow critical methodologies that belong to modernity and to what follows, such as structural or deconstructive studies, or anything related to Western hermeneutics, or feminist theory, in reading parts or surahs that are combined by objective unity or similar episodes of the great revelation. What is said with categorical assertion - does not mean that the two studies intend from behind that prejudice to the sanctity of this text or transgression. His Hama, insofar as they are keen to keep up with the miraculous activity of reading it over the ages and times, but on the other hand they have fallen into traps that are both critical and dangerous at the same time; Because dealing with religious discourse, especially the Divine ones, should have its procedural tools that preserve the sanctity of the text and take into account its great standing in thought, belief and method. It is no secret to the specialists in modern methodologies that each one of them stemmed from a philosophy and a cultural background that has its own Western origins that contradict and intersect in many of its procedural critical paths with the religious path of the language of the Holy Qur’an first, and secondly to the nature of its pure literary discourse. Taking into account the foregoing, we preferred to divide the research plan after the introduction into three demands: The first requirement is the merits of the Qur’anic discourse and the pathways required for its literary study, and the second requirement deals with the cognitive assets of critical discourse approaches, which is a theoretical presentation of those principles with an explanation of the procedural mechanisms in how to read texts. In the third requirement, applied models from contemporary modernist readings of the texts of the Noble Qur’an are presented.

Summary
The importance of this study lies in that the researcher sheds light on the most important opinions expressed by the Iraqi sociologist Dr. Ali Al-Wardi on the poetry of the pre-Islamic and Islamic eras, as these opinions remained confined to the folds of his writings and were not given their right of care and scrutiny by researchers in independent titles, hence the need for such a study, which came under the title (Dr. Ali Al-Wardi’s opinions on poetry Pre-Islamic and pre-Islamic eras.The nature of the research necessitated dividing it after the introduction into two demands and a conclusion: in the first requirement I referred to two things: the first: I touched upon the concept of sociology in the light of the studies of some researchers, while the other matter, I touched upon the position of (Dr. Ali Al-Wardi) one of the most important topics and issues Literary literature that was common in pre-Islamic poetry that the researcher mentioned in the doubling of this requirement.In the second requirement: I talked about (Dr. Ali Al-Wardi)’s position on poetry in the Islamic era, by referring to the silver lining of Islam’s position on poetry, and here there was nothing new, as (Dr. Ali Al-Wardi) matched the opinions of Arab critics from The ancients and moderns argue that poetry weakened after the advent of Islam, but it flourished and developed at the hands of the Umayyad Caliphs.
Then the researcher mentioned at the end of the research a conclusion that included the most important results that he reached, and then proved the most important sources and references on which the researcher relied in writing this research.Keyword: pre-Islamic poetry - Islamic poetry

The role of private drinking stations in Iraq in reducing water pollution extract
The current research seeks to identify the role of the private drinking stations in Iraq in reducing water pollution. 100) A working individual. In order to clarify the role of drinking stations in Iraq in reducing water pollution, the researcher built a questionnaire consisting of (10) questions related to areas arranged in drinking stations and water pollution. After applying the questionnaire to the sample, the research reached the following:
1. The majority of the sample confirmed that the civil filtering stations have a role and space in mitigating the severity of water pollution due to the modernity of the devices used on the one hand and their spread in most cities and alleys of the country.
2. The task of providing safe drinking water is one of the social and urban services provided by states and governments, and it is one of the primary basic services, and the mismanagement of this file on the one hand and the lack of attention to the water file on the one hand caused a gap in the use of drinking water for human use and the direction of individuals To use the private filter stations.
3. The presence of purification stations in Iraq in various cities and alleys has become a reality and cannot be touched due to the people's daily need for clean water, as well as the failure to obtain this water through government agencies.
4. The workers and specialists in the field of water purification do not want these stations as a real alternative to the giant stations owned by the state, given that the government purification stations are more sedate and sophisticated than the private ones, and they are more committed to international health standards with regard to the characteristics of potable water. The point is that these stations are auxiliary stations temporarily and not permanently.
5. The majority of the sample of workers in the water purification stations do not believe that these small stations have the ability to keep pace with the large and giant stations, and that their role is temporary due to the inability to obtain potable water continuously from the liquefaction.
6. The civil purification plants need the cooperation of the state and its institutions through follow-up, supervision and maintenance in order to provide the minimum health safety conditions in the use of drinking water.
7. The follow-up committees, periodically and continuously, contribute to reducing water pollution through the keenness of the owners of filtering stations to adhere to international health standards with regard to the characteristics and methods of water purification.
8. Routine, which is a reality in developing countries, can contribute to the application of health and safety measures through the employee's lack of seriousness in dealing with the civil liquidation stations.
9. The existence of a private institution concerned with organizing the affairs of the civil water treatment stations as a good strategy to contain the spread of diseases and the problems related to the availability of drinking water at all times and for all governorates.
10. The majority of the sample sees water pollution resulting from filtration plants may lead to many diseases, so it must be monitored periodically.

Abstract
Abd al-Rahman ibn Muhammad ibn Abdullah ibn al-Hakam al-Rabadi, nicknamed Bab al-Mutarrif and nicknamed Abd al-Rahman III, is considered to distinguish him from the Salafis of Abd al-Rahman I and Abd al-Rahman al-Awsat, who was born on 22 (Ramadan in the year 277 AH) and whose wisdom lasted for more than fifty years. Andalusia in that period, which flourished in its era of economic, political and agricultural life, and who took power when he was young and had advantages that were not available to other princes in that period

Abstract
The process of dealing with digital media is in the public interest or aimed at learning and intellectual and creative development, so that individuals and society depend on it, especially in the field of education and learning, and to reach this level or type of purposeful use, individuals must acquire some skills, whether they are self-skills Or technical skills, which enable them to use and positively deal with digital media technologies and achieve a high scientific level in line with the individual capabilities of each person, and these skills we call (media and digital education) that seek to provide individuals with a set of skills that enable them to achieve optimal dealing with The media and its use as an educational tool that contributes to increasing the individual’s balance, whether school and university students or even the ordinary individual, independently and in proportion to the time and effort of each person, in order to achieve self- and continuous learning outside the scope of traditional learning methods, and to ensure the achievement of the highest levels of benefit that each person seeks according to capabilities, trends and needs, that the digital revolution is not only a technical event, but that it parallels a philosophical event, and that digital technologies are embodied theories What is realistic or are they generators of reality, and as traditional philosophy accustomed us to thinking that our awareness of reality results from the interaction of subject and object, the individual has turned into a user of these techniques in order to understand what is going on around him in the world, despite the different quality of self-use between individuals and societies, and we mean Self-use is the behavior of the individual used in the digital space through his use of social networking sites, forums, blogs, video sites and other digital media. A continuous and continuous human process related to the existence of the human being and the continuity of life, and its main goal is the individual with all his mental, cultural and human capabilities and capabilities. In all stages of an individual's life, and it determines the features of his personality within the framework of the culture of society, and these came The study sheds light on the role of media and digital education in promoting the self-learning process. The most important results of the study are:
1-The results of the study showed the positive role played by media and digital education in promoting the self-learning process from the viewpoint of the faculty members in the colleges of education in Iraq.
2-There is a statistically significant difference at the level (0.05) for the study sample members on the scale of the role of media and digital education in using an educational approach.
3-There is a statistically significant difference at the level (0.05) for the study sample members on the scale of the role of media and digital education as a mediator for teaching and indoctrination.
4- The results of the study showed the importance of modern media in the educational process, whether for the educational institution or individuals.
Keywords: media and digital education, reinforcement, self-learning process.

الملخص
تعد الحقيبة التعليمية إستراتيجية مهمة من استراتيجيات التعليم على المستوى المحلي والدولي وذلك من خلال دخولها حيز اهتمام جميع التخصصات المهنية منها والسياسية والإدارية والتربوية وغيرها من سائر التخصصات الأخرى حيث تعتبر الحقيبة التعليمية سجل لعرض التقدم الذي يحدث في عمل الفرد من خلال الانجازات التي تسطرها هذه الحقيبة مدعمة باستخدام التقنيات في تنظيم المعلومات وتوثيقها ولأهمية الحقائب التعليمية باتت تشغل اهتمام الجامعات في الدول المتقدمة ، لذا كان لزاما أن يكون لهذه الحقيبة أهداف وأهمية وسمات ومعايير وعناصر تميزها وترتقي بها إلى أفضل وأجود النتائج، فمن أهميتها الاستفادة من التقنيات الحديثة لإعطاء مستخدمها تصور واضح لما يلزمه من مهارات وقدرات خاصة.أما من ابرز سماتها التوجيه الذاتي وتحديد الفئة المستهدفة والتقويم وقابليتها للتطوير.وتكمن معايير الحقيبة من خلال الأهداف المنشودة لها ومادتها العلمية والنشاطات التدريبية.أما عناصرها فتتكون من العنوان والفكرة والأهداف والاختبارات والأنشطة، هذا ملخص الحقيبة التعليمية والتفصيل يكمن في الإطار النظري والملحقات العلمية للبحث.

Abstract:
The aim of the research is to know :
1-the components of the successful educational supervisorfrom the view of the educational supervisors himself.
2-the level of the component of the successful educational supervisor in to educational supervisors
3-the defferances in components of the successful educational supervisors . educational supervisors follow to change (males – females) and service period .
4-the sample of research composed of (145) education supervisors (male – femal) who was selective in random method and to finish the aims of this research the auther depend on selebus of descreptional research
And to achiev the aim of the research the auther was build the measure (components of the successful education supervisor) depending on the bulding theory by collect between the variant supervised who was able to apply with elasticity and universal and this was achieved by auther from charecterstics of the psychometric measure extract the believable by two methods , superficial believable and bulding believable , also extract the fixable by two methods by repet the test . the stability co-efficient (0.88) , and alphacronbach the stability co-efficient (0.78) . the final form of the measure from (31) items good for components of the successful education supervisor. The statistical treatment done by use (arethmatic mean , standerd deviation , T-test to one and two samples , person correlation co- efficient variant analyses ,z-test , and spss)
- the results are :
-the educational supervisors have successful supervised components .
-no stastical significant defference between the educational supervisors according to sex .
-no stastical significant defference between the educational supervisors .
- the research reach to some recommendation and suggestion .

Abstract
The characteristics of the era in which we live are thinking about the future, researching it and preparing for it, and the emergence of this phenomenon has increased in the last decade of the last century until now. An insult from them, as there are a number of Arab and non-Arabic researches that have been conducted about young people’s thinking about their future and their view of some aspects of it, their standing or pessimism, and other means of thinking about the future.

ABSTRACT Money is the backbone of the economy which in turn mainly enhances the stability of the internal and external security of the state and one of the components of the political and social systems prevailing in the world. In recent years, the Iraqi legislator has been keen on the tendency to preserve this legitimate money from contamination with other illegal funds in order to combat money laundering. Because of its impact on the country’s economy, especially with the emergence of crime in an organized manner through illegal acts, organized crime and educating commercial deals that are held between some individuals, companies and some countries, especially when these individuals are holders of power and money, as well as corruption of senior officials in official institutions, and the fact that it is a crime Money laundering is one of the important crimes of the century that carries in its negative repercussions many serious and real effects on the national and global economy. The crime has received great attention in various official and unofficial bodies of the internal and international community.

الملخص
تعد القرارات الصادرة عن المحكمة الاتحادية العليا باتة وملزمة للسلطات للكافة، إلا أنه يجب التمييز بين نوعين من القرارات الصادرة من المحكمة، الأولى أحكام وقرارات ترجع إلى عيب شكلي أو إجرائي في الدعوى الدستورية، والثانية أحكام وقرارات ترجع إلى عيب موضوعي ، فالأولى تحوز حجية نسبية ، وأما الثانية فلها حجية مطلقة .ولما كانت قرارات المحكمة الاتحادية العليا تتمتع (بقوة الشيء المحكوم به) في القرارات المتخصصة بالرقابة على الدستورية أو تفسير نصوص الدستور، فقد تدارسنا في البحث النفاذ للقرارات من حيث الزمان والأثر المترتب عليه ، سواء على القانون المقضي بعدم دستوريته ، ومدى الحجية التي يتمتع بها اتجاه الإفراد والسلطات ، إذ توصلت الدراسة إلى نتائج مهمة منها ما يتعلق بالحجية أو النفاذ وكذلك أهمية النشر للقرار محل الطعن وفق المنهج التحليلي للقرارات .

Abstract
The Zionist Bio field between fragmentation and normalization Researchers in geographical studies, specifically in the field of political geography and geopolitical studies, agree that the idea of the vital field is one of the important theoretical frameworks in these studies, because it represents the central idea that revolves in its orbit most theories of power, especially for countries that seek to expand their sphere of influence. Which increases its strength and gives it an effective and influential role in this field. The concept of the vital field became linked in one way or another to the process of strategic employment, which led to the emergence of a new concept of this field that depends on the interests of the basic countries, regardless of the geographical location. And (Israel) has sought to employ the new concept of the vital field in its relations with the targeted countries by relying on a set of new and advanced means in various fields.

Summary :
The first Liberian civil war broke out in the year 1989, several factors led to this war, on top of which is the economic factor, as it is clear that Liberia was going through difficult economic conditions before the outbreak of the civil war, mainly highlighted by the decline in Liberia's exports, which comes in the forefront of rubber . On the other hand, most food commodities began to witness a significant increase in the markets , which had negative consequences for most of the population of Liberia , aside from the control of the indigenous people over the affairs of government in Liberia, after General Samuel De assumed the reins of power in it, by leading a coup A military man in which he succeeded in overthrowing the rule of the American Liberians, who in turn seized power in Liberia since its establishment in 1822 , although they did not constitute ( 5% ) of the total population in it , just as Liberia witnessed after 1985, purges and genocide that claimed thousands of lives. Civilian deaths, as well as displaced persons who were forced to leave their areas as a result of the genocidal operations of General Samuel Doe's brutal regime .

Abstract
Job satisfaction is of great importance in the work of the various administrative organizations, as it contributes to increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of the workers, and that successful leadership depends on the existence of an administrative system based on knowledge of the needs of workers and their material and moral motives, and this is to reach a sufficient level of satisfaction that contributes to increasing their stability, which leads to achieve the desired goals.Job satisfaction affects the motivation of individual employees to perform the tasks assigned to them well, as many researchers know it as the satisfaction achieved by individuals as a result of performing their tasks assigned to them with high efficiency.
Keywords: successful leadership, job satisfaction, employees, organization, production, performance

Abstract
The study aimed to identify the role of disclosure on intellectual capital as in maximizing of the value of a firm's Business environment in Iraq is explained in order to help the users of financial reports in making better decisions. The descriptive and analytical approach is used and conducted on a sample of the financial analysts' opinions in the financial brokerage companies. Hence the Standard Deviations, the Significant Value and the One Sample T-Test are used to test the research hypotheses and to achieve the research goals. The results showed that, the accounting disclosure for intellectual capital and its components (structural capital, relations capital and human capital) has a role in maximizing the firm value in the Iraqian business environment.

Abstract
Effective planning is a basic and main task, which the organization that wants to compete and stay in the markets must accomplish, as the organization that has a certain advantage relative to its competitors is the organization that is able to attract customers and build the best position in the mind of the customer by increasing the perceived value and achieving greater ranges of Satisfaction with him as well as defending itself against competitive forces to ensure that it remains in the forefront, and that the competitive advantage is achieved through the solidarity of the organization’s efforts and the integrated coordination between its various activities, and this requires continuous training in addition to the costs that the organization may bear in addition to the research and development program.
Keywords: effective planning, competitive advantage, business organization, continuous improvement, satisfaction.

Abstract: The present essay deals with Paul Coelho’s approach to Eastern culture in general and the Islamic/Arabic frame of thought in particular, and offers a contextual approach to Coelho’s self-referential novel The Alchemist, highlighting and commenting upon the writer’s references to the Arabic frame of thought, religion, and philosophy. Consistent with these such elements as the alchemist, triviality, self-help, and esotericism, the novel engages the reader in history, that is, by reinforcing the maintenance of the status quo, construction of history is directed towards the concretization of the concepts predicted by these tendencies.
Keywords: Coelho, esotericism, journey, maktub, pilgrimage, The Alchemist

Abstract
Negation is a linguistic concept which is found in every language in the world. It differs from one language to another particularly in the syntactic means that express it. However, this difference is the main concern in this research which investigates the concept of negation syntactically in selected English and Arabic short stories by determining the occurrences of negators depending on their types in these short stories.
To gain the aims of the present research, two short stories are selected. English short story has been analyzed syntactically based on Quirk et al. (1992) and Downing (2015) classifications. The Arabic one has been analyzed syntactically depending on Al Samaraie (2017) and Mamun (2020) classifications.
Results of analysis have shown the occurrences of negators in these short stories concerning their syntactic perspective by numbers and rates. The main conclusions have revealed that: frequencies of particles of negation are lower in English short story than in the Arabic one; words / nouns of negation are more frequently repeated in English short story under analysis compared to the Arabic one; adverbs of negation are more used in English short story than in the Arabic one under analysis. Finally, the occurrence of verbs of negation in English short story under analysis is low comparing them into the Arabic one.
Key Words: Negators, Particles, Short Story, Verbs, Adverbs.

Abstract
. Article takes place before nouns and a sort of adjective. Article is of two kinds; definite article (the) and indefinite (a, an). ‘The’ takes place before a noun to show identifications of the noun to express it to the student. This paper aims at most significant works of the writer with a detailed analysis of identification of articles in the linguistic field of study by English as a Foreign Language (EFL). It aims answering certain question whether it in communication helps the speaker and/or the listener in the context of discourse or not? It focuses on the significant role that along with articles, regular and irregular form of tense plays in the context of communication. Various sources have been taken into consideration while compiling this endeavor to prove it to be a great addition to the body of knowledge in general and to linguistics in particular. In the end, it is proved that both articles and regular and irregular forms are vital elements in discourse with the help of given reference from the mentioned texts.