The islamic college university journal

Abstract:-
The traditional state or the traditional individual thought disappeared in Europe, and the ghost of this state continued to dominate the Arab countries despite serious attempts to end it, and for this reason every effort and every study and preparation in order to raise the adequacy of the individual and the state for us is the least required by the vast and vast goals that are the goal of these concepts And in light of the loud cries in the world of change and exit from the dock of the Arab ocean, there are those who are looking for a way to lead them to the exit gate from the maze of noise generated by ignorance or deliberate for the sake of it. A sense of loneliness because Mahfouz deepens this feeling in his book (Presence and Acculturation), so we find that between the data of the metaphor and the difficulties of implementation possesses the obsession of being lost in the Arab society, not only this, but the feeling of the alienation of the Arab reality as it is alien to the rest of the societies that live with it in the global system, so it proposes several uses of it Progress, lag and awareness, and this is an outlet in his book (Islam, the West and the Dialogue of the Future). His book (The Arab Reality and Challenges of the Current Stage) comes to confirm the approach that he has taken for himself in Most of his books, which is the fact that the events of these books revolve around the Arab reality, and that the narration focuses on them, showing their culture, ideological orientations, heritage accumulations and episodic presence, and this in turn led to us having several stakes, the most prominent of which was in this research (freedom, reform, the future), so it was divided This research includes two topics, an introduction and six demands. I talked about the clash between these vocabulary, trying to find (Mahfouz) there is a gateway for Arab thought to emerge from the challenges that confront it from time to time.

Abstract:-
The purpose of the research is to detect, diagnose, test and measure the impact the social responsibility strategy on the quality of the implementation of service projects. The problem of research was limited attention to the variables of the social responsibility strategy, which was reflected in the quality of implementation of service projects. The Directorate of Municipalities of Diwaniyah Governorate (the center of the Directorate, the districts, the districts and the other formations thereof). The sample was the employees in the municipality directorate center which reached (111) workers. The researcher used the appropriate statistical programs to reach the results, and the most important results. The impact of adopting the social responsibility strategy by the employees and the extent of their feeling and commitment to their responsibility towards their business is reflected positively in the quality of implementation of service projects.

Abstract:-
The approach to rhetoric is a generous source and a light from the teachings of Ali bin Abi Talib (PBUH), which is inspired by all people. The text of the miraculous approach to rhetoric - with its scientific, occult and literary faculties - is a significant presence in philosophical, religious and critical awareness, and perhaps what distinguishes its presence is the quality of the questions it raises as an eternal literary and artistic reference, which makes it always subject to the dialectic of approach and study. Thus, it remains an eternal presence that resonates within us, not with a religious or moral motivation as it comes to mind, but rather as the miraculous text that made from the Arab mentality a nation that carries it to all humanity. Therefore, it was natural for those concerned with it to try to understand it, explain it, know its mysteries and explore its miraculous aesthetic capabilities. Nasir Khusraw Qabadiani and Ahmad Jami were among the Iranian poets who are influenced by the short words of the rhetoric approach, and these words have a sound and encouraging structure, and the governmental contents that attract the great poets to himself, and we notice this effect in their poetry collections. As Mr. Ja`far al-Shahidi said about Nasir Khusraw: According to my survey in every court of Nasir Khusraw, I found the words of Imam Ali (PBUH) in the structure of systems. In several main aspects of the text, namely: the rhythmic side, the judgmental aspect, the linguistic side; and by presenting an applied study, by analyzing the short words and the approach we adopted in this article is the descriptive analytical approach

Abstract:-
The Muslims ruled the city of Baza between (92-895 AH/710-1489 CE), about eight centuries, and because of its location in the southeastern region of Andalusia it remained far from the major events in Andalusia and the conflict with the Christians for several centuries, except that during the last stage From the state of Bani al-Ahmar in Granada (868 - 897 AH/1463-1491 AD) the Christians were able to subjugate most of Andalusia and the city of Baza became a border city that touched the borders of the Kingdom of Castile, and because of the importance of the city, Christians realized that the key to Granada lies in their occupation of Baza, so They could not seize it until after they mobilized Crusader forces that had come to them from various parts Europe, and the siege has lasted more than six months.
The Baza Battle was the last of the major battles that the Christians fought against the Muslims in Andalusia. After that, they were able to subdue most other areas easily until the last fall of Granada in Rabi` al-Awwal 897 AH/January 1491 AD.

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Abstract:-
The reality of the private sector in Iraq has been studied using the private sector indicators which are (the size of private investments, the ratio of the contribution of private investments to the GDP, the number of public hands in the private sector, the size of fixed capital formation in the private sector, and the percentage of the contribution of private investments to total exports) and the most important The results that were reached are that the private sector indicators were very low due to the absence of an appropriate investment climate, political, economic and security instability, weak private sector work, poor productivity and inflexibility of the productive apparatus, weak financial position for the Iraqi investor, and the limited financial rules of the banking system.

Abstract:-
The search in our hands is concerned with the study of the neighborhood of sacred Mecca in the first Abbasid period, its essence, rules, start and types which had developed in that period because it had witnessed political developments, cultural and scientific advancements which had left clear prints on the Islamic civilization and played an important role in bringing many people to come closer to sacred Mecca in that period. The Search is divided into three hubs. The first part is concerned with the essence of the neighborhood of sacred Mecca. The second is concerned with the rules of the neighborhood. The third one is concerned with the origin of that neighborhood and its types in the first Abbasid period. The result was that the neighborhood of sacred Mecca was desirable for neighbors who were confident of not committing crimes and sins. The neighborhood of sacred Mecca was divided into two types in the Abbasid period. They were:-
1- temporary neighborhood.
2- permanent neighborhood.

Abstract:-
There is no doubt in the significant of the money - and it's the property of the person or the community -; also it's the backbone of life and livelihood; therefore the Holy Quran visualized an accurate system for the Islamic individual as well as the nation at the beginning from earning to spending it, so the urge came from several topics about good management of money. And the Quran gave us the moderate and average method of how to spend it and taught us the blessing of earning money in Halal, and the dangerousness of wasteful and extravagance.
And the most important issue that needs to be highlighted is the interdependence of the community or the least application of the Islamic economic system, in other words: make a financial plan that helps the household to balance between earnings and spendings. Since the weakness of every person or nation is its empty Financial Treasuries, and will be underestimated by the enemy, and will be unable to face obstacles and difficulties. Since applying these plans builds the economical personality for the Islamic individual, and it's absolutely will build the community, then it's not difficult for them to meet their financial needs.

Abstract:-
Resistance means stability and defending the soul, freedom, social life and everything which includes these thoughts is located under stability literature. Poets of resistance are persons who have spoken about tyrants’ inhumanity and disasters occurred on oppressed people and they encouraged them for fighting and taking their rights. Jamil Sedqi Al-Zahawi is one of the Iraqi resistance poets who has used the poetry as his mean to spread his own opinions, political thoughts and social side. He has been asking the people to arise against the English and Ottoman colonialism. In this course, his obsolete volume of poetry has some kinds of brief history on what took place to all Arab territories, in general; and specifically Iraq land, between half a century approximately. After a contracted study on the literature of resistance and its history and growth, the article has endeavored to show the samples of resistance in the poet’s volume which are based on how the poet is being influenced by two common courses of his epoch, included: autarchy of Ottoman governors and the English occupancy.

Abstract:-
Textual Cohesion is a new approach to the recent text studies, which plays a role in connecting the text and creating a connection between its components, and this is due to the use of the mechanisms that make this connection in the text. Lexical cohesion is a kind of coherence that plays a significant role in achieving relations and the connection of the components of a text, and this relation is achieved through the lexical links between the words of the text and its constituent linguistic units. This connection is manifested by two elements: repetition and collocation. The present paper examines lexical cohesion and its application in the manifestation of emotion in the praise of Sharif Morteza in the absence of his brother Sharif Razi through a descriptive-analytic approach to discover the mechanism of coherence and its role in the relationship between this lamentation and the achievement of the relation and cohesion of the components of this ballade. From the analysis of the elements of coherence in the Sharif Morteza lamentation, it is clear that a series of elements help to form lamentation and its semantic structure, and hence his lamentation own is coherent and intertwined in a way that the poet lets his requiem to fly weave with lexical coherence, i.e. repetition and collocation to touch the brotherhood affection coming from his sincere feelings and sadness in the absence of his brother.

Abstract:-
Prose in ancient Arabic literature, as one of the literary genres, was neglected. This inattention by contemporary critics, especially Orientalist scholars, precluded the existence of this type of literature in the pre-Islamic era, and negated the formation of this type of literature, and Linked that to the early Abbasid era with the emergence of Ibn al-Muqafah.
It was a very dangerous theory that attacked Arabic literature. One of the most important supporters of this theory was Dr. Taha Hussein, whose echoes can be clearly seen in books such as 'Fe al-Adab al-Jahli' and 'men Hadith al-Sha'ir and al-Nasr'. On the other hand, intellectuals such as Zaki Mubarak in his book" Artistic prose in the fourth century" were called upon to reject this theory and stand up against this dangerous assault.By combining the two views and examining their critical approaches, we conclude that Dr. Taha Hussein's views on the emergence of Artistic prose reflect the views of Eastern scholars such as Carlo Nallino and Hamilton A. R. Gibb and William Marcais.But Dr. Zaki Mubarak with historical and aesthetic analysis of the literary prose works of the pre-Islamic period, as well as citing the existence of great saints such as Imam Ali in the early days of Islam associated with the pre-Islamic period well and the revelation of the Holy Quran with rich vocabulary and rhetorical treasure, In his literary views, emphasizes the existence of inequality, which is more corresponded with the fact of the emergence of Artistic prose, and we have used a descriptive-analytic approach in this paper. And we used the descriptive-analytic method in this paper.

Abstract:-
The Arab resistance against the rape and Zionist occupation of Palestine and the occupied Arab territories is the struggle that flourished and escalated the Arab struggle, the struggle that gave the Arab people to say that I am Arab and proud. Much has been written about resistance literature and will be written in the future, In this article, I will take a look at the language of the poets of Jabal-amel.
The Palestinian issue is the first issue to a large extent aroused by the poets of Jebel Amel, And no poet can find a factor that has not dealt with this issue and has devolved jurisdictions in this field. And the poetic elements of these poets are in great quantity and in great variety and quality. Addressing this issue began at the beginning of the calamity and reached the intifada. And it has always been their focus.

Abstract:-
There are several reasons for the justification of the public treasury’s, which generally are examples of liability arising from acts of non - crime. The most important basis of this responsibility in the texts of validity and jurisprudence is the rule of not wasting the Muslim blood and the rule “Al-Kharaj bi Al-Dhiman” with concomitance between the use of an object by paying the damage caused by it. according to the principle of the penalties being personal, there is a disagreement about the limits of public fund’s (public treasury) responsibility to quasi-premeditated murder atonement, redundant atonement, injuries atonement, mulct and damages in addition to atonement. Viewpoints in admission of public fund’s responsibility during the failure of the government to carry out duties that have resulted in a crime and accidents, are also different. therefore, reviewing the fundamentals of jurisprudence and determining issues of responsibility will be important.

Abstract:-
The issue of justice of the Companions took a major place in the usual dispute between the Shiites and Sunnis regarding the Islamic Sharia. And the Sunnis said that all the Companions are justly based on some verses, on top of which is the 29th verse of Surat Al-Fath. And since the justice of the Companions is one of the most important political pillars of Sunni jurisprudence, it was the cause of other disagreements, such as accepting or rejecting the statement of the Companion, as well as a guide to be relied upon in judging the infidelity of the Shiites based on the above-mentioned verse. This difference prompted us to write this article, which seeks to shed light on the correct connotation of this verse and study its historical development according to the timeline of Islamic heritage and history, concluding that the views of the commentators before the fourth century do not say the justice of all the Companions, but rather after these centuries and over Four phases this significance was arbitrarily carried on this verse and its semantic expansion was extended to include all the Companions. And the four stages that the semantic expansion and change of meaning of the verse went through are: 1- The meaning of the Companions was inserted into the meaning of the verse and its meaning in the early fourth century in the interpretation of Ibn Wahab. 2- Changing the meaning of the letter “from” and considering it as “from” nationality in the early fourth century in the Qur’an syntax for copper, which the commentators took into consideration as “who” as a nationality. 3- The application of the meaning of the verse to the four caliphs and the other companions through the historical narratives of the fifth century in al-Tafsir al-Tha'labi 4- Relying on the words of all the Companions based on the phrase “who is with him” and relying on the opinion of the majority of Sunni scholars in the middle of the sixth century in the interpretation of Muharr al-Wajeez. The basis on which the last three sayings are based is a personal opinion that Ibn Wahb said, while the correct opinion is that the meaning of the Almighty saying “and those with him” is the general meaning of the believers and not regarding the Companions, just as the letter “from” mentioned in the saying of the Most High is “from” some It is not sexual. The readings and interpretations that resulted from the verse in the following centuries came to coincide with the history of the caliphs, as it relied on the apparent meaning of the narration without its original content, and hence not even some Sunni scholars say it, so the verse does not indicate the justice of all the Companions without exception.

Abstract:-
The useful and influential knowledge of people\'s lives, the moral foundations of foreign policy, altruism, positive social values and good treatment, in other words, is the power of the civilized model, as an alternative to the \"coarse force\" of possession and use of military force, Oppression, domination, selfishness and vanity of solid power.
The experiences of contemporary history confirm that the use of \"coarse force\" as military intervention in conflict resolution is no longer acceptable to world public opinion, and its results have been disastrous and immoral to a large extent

Abstract:-
Imam Ali (as)’s caliphate was an opportunity to reform the Islamic government and imitate it with the era of Prophet (PBUH). Using forces that ideologically accepted the goals of the holiness and could be useful executive arms for him was among the actions of Imam Ali (as) in line with this goal. Muʿawyih was among those who opposed the new systemizing and Imam Ali (as) tried to remove him, but this was not done due to the interference of some of the aristocrats of kūfih and caused new seditions for the Islamic society. The purpose of this article which was a qualitative research is to explain the main obstacles of Imam Ali's (as) strategies to overcome when facing Muʿawyih and to answer this question; what was the main factors of ineffectiveness of Imam Ali's (as) diplomacy (negotiation) and strategy (war) against Muʿawyih, which seems that expediency and utilitarianism of some aristocrats of kūfih was the main factor in the ineffectiveness of Imam Ali's (as) strategy against Muʿawyih.

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Abstract:-
The phenomenon of displacement is one of the important phenomena, especially in modern stylistic studies that study the poetic text as a language contrary to the ordinary and the ordinary. With it, the nature of the literary style can be identified, and displacement can also be considered the literary style itself.
This research paper, which relied in its study on the indicative descriptive method, attempts to address this stylistic phenomenon, that is, displacement in the poetry of Sayyid Reza Hendi al-Najafi, by focusing on his famous poem, “Al-Kawtharia”.
The main purpose of writing this article is to know the Kuthi poem and its content and rhetorical images and how to create those images by the poet, study and analyze them for the addressees of this article. One of the most important findings of this research paper is that the departure from the ordinary in the poetry of the master was more evident in the analogy than in all other poetic images.
For example, he likened the maternal uncle to the musk that dotted red roses, and this image did not exist except in the poet's imagination. Moreover, he likened the cheek to the brazier and the face to the morning and praise to sprinkling.

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Abstract:-
The 'Message of Waiting' represents a new vision in the nation's movement towards the global renaissance of Imam al-Mahdi. The Mahdism phenomenon is a fact by which the divine messages have believed in and the Noble Prophet, Imams, and Ahlulbeit (peace be upon them and their progeny) have preached about Al-Mahdi and his message. They have mentioned the traditional hadiths and the statements as well as Al-Imam Al-Mahdi has reported many guidelines to his agents and deputies so that the land will be filled with fair and just after it is filled with injustice and oppression.
This large volume of total change calls for the availability of great ground for the nation's movement to be worthy of this great divine gift. This task is a duty that the leaders of the society, the religious institutions and the religious schools must take into account to call for the establishment of the cosmic nation.
It is not a fictional matter, dreamy, utopian, or ideal case, but it is a universal religion and a divine promise of a sincere and definitive verification, which requires the availability of its comprehensive ground and work to achieve it within a complete and supported message; thus, the cosmic nation can be achieved.

Abstract:-
Whether written or oral, directed and ideological, discourse strives to highlight certain thoughts as obvious, justifiable, and useful, and points out contradictory thoughts to the norm. Discourse has a close association with dominance and power, and is shaped via power and ideologies. Hence, in analyzing the discourse of a work, its ideological dimensions are discussed more than its grammatical aspects. In the midst of World War I, Sir Henry McMahon, as the representative of the King of Great Britain in Egypt, and Sharif Hussein, as the ruler of Mecca, appointed by the Ottoman Empire, secretly exchanged letters and correspondences. The covert correspondences of these two political figures during the World War I has outstanding social and ideological aspects. In the present paper, the correspondence of these two political figures are analyzed via Van Dijk’s discourse analysis model.

Abstract:-
One of Hafiz's distinctive characteristics is the derision. He kept in his entire office without any exception dealing with the hypocrites of his time and their sectarian behavior with a comic statement. In his entire collection, we cannot find a single comic house without its meaning having some sectarian elements. Hafez's poetry is political poetry and the irony that has been used in it has intertwined with the doctrinal elements. Because society in the era of Hafiz has linked its ability to doctrine and beliefs. Hafez Al-comic literature dealt with hypocrites who wanted to take advantage of the doctrine and the audience's nodal power in favor of their benefits. The literature of Hafiz criticized the departments, governmental and non-governmental institutions in particular and distinctive. This article aims to address irony in the literature of Hafiz Al-Shirazi.

Abstract:-
One of the privileges of Imamiyah jurisprudence is the subjective classification of topics and the presentation of rules for the ordering of the Shari'a rulings. It has long been the case that jurists have sought to derive partial rulings from these kidney rules by collecting jurisprudential rules. One of the rules that has been spoken and used in various jurisprudential jurisprudence such as the testimony, trust, is the rule of discipline which appeared in the phrase "Trustee should only swear" has found. Despite the fame of this rule and its wide application in jurisprudence and law, there are many disputes about it. These discrepancies sometimes extend to the point where their regularity is compromised. Some have considered the iodine as an exception to the rule of iodine, not an independent jurisprudential rule. The rule or its exception to the jurisprudential rule is not a theoretical discussion but has many practical implications. In this study, we sought to answer the question, what is the relationship between Estimân and A lal-yad's guarantee? A descriptive-analytical study reveals that adherence is an independent jurisprudential rule with its specific rulings and effects.

Abstract:-
The historical indications and teachings of the Qur’an encourage us to pay attention to history and the impact of history. According to the Qur’an, getting history in hand is so important that God commands His Prophet (PBUH) to narrate the story of the ancestors to the people and men of thought and understanding. The purpose of Qur’anic stories is not merely story-telling, rather in any case, it expresses notable teachings, a preach and wisdom, or a divine tradition. In this research, based on descriptive-analytical method and library documents, the role of the Qur’an in historical developments is discussed. It includes: the importance of history from the Qur’an’s viewpoint, the influence of the Qur’an on history, the Qur’an’s opinion on the motive factors of history, the fact that the Qur’an is the reformer of history, and that the Qur’an is a history-maker. The Qur’an reforms history means that since it recognizes the truth, the accuracy of many historical events could be evaluated by the criterion of the Qur’an. And the Qur’an is a history-maker means that it is also considered as a history-maker by expressing the traditions dominated human societies, as well as through mentioning the prophecies and unseen news.

Abstract:-
Each of the Qur’anic vocabulary has its own meaning and employment because it has been used with great care and precision. Therefore, some vocabulary may be close in terms of meaning, but the use of one of them replaces the other and the expression is not what was developed for it, perhaps it is not able to convey the meaning and the intended Quranic meaning of it. In order to discover the semantic differences of these terms and expressions, it is necessary to look closely and precisely in their context and look at the verbal context in which the term was used in order for the researcher in the Quranic text to reach the intended meaning in this text. From this starting point, this research seeks to look at the indicative differences of vocabulary words that permeate, pellet, and slough off, and flip which were received to express the fluctuation and succession of day and night. As these terms are close from a semantic perspective, the translator expects from Arabic to semantic errors, and they are translated as if they are synonymous with meaning. While we know that each term from the semantic perspective has its own significance and there are no words that are completely synonymous with meaning from the perspective of semantics. From this perspective, this study seeks, and based on the employment of verses and their contexts and the general spaces in which the verses appear, reveal the concept of these vocabulary and by understanding it to an appropriate and correct translation for it and at the same time defining the boundaries of each individual with the other vocabulary.

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Abstract:-
The place plays a prominent role in portraying the artistic and semantic features in the literary texts and the Arabic poetry remained influenced by its reality and history The place is the memory of the poet and everything that takes place in his being of emotions and axes This study is based on the descriptive descriptive approach. It is a simple contribution in a monetary framework that aims at monitoring the significance of the place in the Palestinian poetry that is resistant to focusing on the poetic "poetic storm" code to find the most important values of Motif in the open and closed place. Finally, the research concluded that the Palestinian poet, the resistance, took the place within the structure of the latter as a useful tool to express the great achievements and feelings towards the issues of the Islamic and Arab nation, especially the issue of occupation and the subsequent calamities and tribulations. Through the employment of the place, the poet attempted to express in an indirect language the idea of steadfastness, resistance and belonging to the motherland.

Abstract:-
The place of property is a regionality attribution criteria by which the applicable law was specified in the legal relationship which dealt with properties especially the unmovable (estates) since the 13th century.
The concept of the criteria of place of property has been specified as the place where the movables or immovable exist linguistically and idiomatically, the start point of specifying the manners of adopting it to specify the applicable law reqarding the issues of the attribution idea of the property system group is the characterization.
The operation of characterization in specifying the nature of property whether movables or immovables must be applied according to a globale concept which is to be abstracted from the study of all legal systems regarding the description of property without being restricted by a certain law according to the theory of the comparative law.

Abstract:-
It is the connections that have formed between different peoples in recent times that have led to cultural exchanges between them and others. These historical links between Iran and the Indian subcontinent caused the leakage of Persian words into the Hindi language, those words that are used in the present era as well. The infiltration of the Persian language and Iranian culture between the Arabs and the Indian subcontinent is a necessary fact. This similarity and union took place in historical times in various forms, including the authority of Muslim rulers, the journey of Iranian poets and writers, attacks and conquest, and ... Add to this that between these two languages and cultures of kinship and nationalism are what led to some of these similarities.

Abstract:-
The derivation is one of the most important types of Quranic words, and in inferencing rules, it is considered as a significant topic in diction studies. The scholars of fiqh principles have distinct differences with regard to the semantic scope of principled derivation as compared with lexical derivation, and also in the fact that if using derivation in documents of an individual from which the source is taken, it is real or figurative. A group of recent Shiite and Muʿtazila scholars, known as Sahihis, believe that derivation is figurative in non-possessive cases, and another group of late Shiite and Ashʿari scholars (generalists) consider both cases as real. However, all of them unanimously believe that derivation is real in possessive cases. After investigating the concept of derivation in linguistics and principles of fiqh, and their relationship, and the viewpoints of the Fuqahā, the summary of the findings of the study indicates that although the origin of generalists’ fallacious claims is the ignorance of the meaning of the foundations in different types of derivations, that is the types of possessives, yet Sahihis have committed the same mistake and according to the researcher, first, the lack of division between the subject and the object, and second, the lack of consideration of the characteristics of the foundations in derivations are major disputes that can be found in Sahihis. Thus, a general rule about derivations is that deterioration and termination in anything are due to the thing itself.