Tikrit Journal for Political Science

The research aims to shed light on Turkey\'s attitude from the developments of the Iranian nuclear program since the Justice and Development Party came to power in Turkey in 2002 until 2019, and the reflection of that attitude on Turkish-American relations, a period that witnessed important developments regarding the Iranian nuclear program and the developments of the American attitude from it, especially when the nuclear agreement was signed in 2015 between Iran and the major countries during the era of president Barack Obama, then the United States soon moved under president Donald Trump to withdraw from this agreement in 2018 for many reasons that will be discussed in detail, and Turkey\'s attitude from those developments .

Egypt and Sudan were among the countries that India sought to open up to in order to establish good and fruitful relations with it, taking into account the increasing international competition since the beginning of the twenty-first century, and the endeavor of each of the major countries to increase its interests and investments in these two countries.

The present research aims at arriving the motives of the Russian intervention in the Syrian crisis, in the first section, As well as the positions of regional and international countries in favor of this intervention and opposition to it, in the second section, And the out looking of the future of this intervention and keeping an open crisis in Syria by posing future scenarios and the likelihood of one of them, and the jungle in the third section.

The Iranian Constitution of 1979 and the amendment of 1989 considered the Supreme Leader of the Iranian Islamic Revolution the most powerful institution in influence and presence in the political system. The guide, directly or indirectly, through the agencies operating under his administration, and here we say that the political vision of the wali al-Faqih governs its authority over all the perceptions of decision-makers in their formulation and implementation of strategic decisions that achieve the goals of the Iranian regime at home and abroad.

After Kagame came to power, he set two clear goals: first, to unite the Rwandan people, and to eradicate poverty in the country. The government's various plans succeeded in reconciling members of society, the refugees returned home, and local courts were organized to restore rights and remove grievances. With the advances in social issues, the government directed its energy to the development and development of the economy, through the transformation of the "Vision 2020" economic, which included 44 goals in different areas. The political leadership in Rwanda has been able to achieve these goals, which were considered a miracle, at different levels (political, economic, social, educational).

The rules of (mutual accumulation strategy) overshadow the history of the crisis relations between the United States of America and Iran four decades ago, and if we recall that, we will notice several collision joints between the two parties, starting with the hostage crisis of the American embassy in Iran from 4/11/1979 to 20 / 1/1981 AD, to the "Marines" attempt to storm this embassy in an operation called "Eagle Claw" on 4/24/1980 AD, to the tanker war in the eighties of the last century, to the exchange of downing drones in 2019, and finally what happened between the United States The United States and Iran from the moment targeting (Qassem Soleimani), commander of the "Quds Force" on 1/3/2020, until the Iranian missile response and targeting of the American forces in the two "Ain al-Assad" bases in Anbar province, and the "Harir" base in Arbil province on 1/8/ 2020 AD, all of this falls within the context of (mutual accumulation strategy) between the two parties, without going to a comprehensive confrontation through war or a knockout, because the logic of war or comprehensive confrontation is outside the political and military mindsets of the two parties, and the meaning of all of this is that turmoil forms the basis of the relationship between the states The The United States and Iran, because the turmoil and the limited clash with it through mutual strikes, do not necessarily lead to an open clash.

The research in our hands seeks to reveal the reality of human rights in Egypt after the January 2011 revolution and has the revolution succeeded in achieving its slogans of (living, freedom, and social justice) as it succeeded in removing former President Mohamed Hosni Mubarak?The research also seeks to solve the problem related to the Egyptian human rights, which links the security of the Egyptian citizen and his rights, as the researcher assumes that the political system that forms on the ruins of Mubarak’s rule put the Egyptian citizen between these two options without the right to enjoy both, so long as security is weak, there is no room to talk about human rights .The researcher has relied on the reports of Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch as two international non-governmental organizations specializing in human rights and they have experience in this file the big thing, so we examined their reports for the years after the January revolution in study and analysis in our endeavor to prove the hypothesis that the researcher started and which we explained above.

Violence against women is related to the issue of human rights, especially the importance of the subject in the Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women, which was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 1993, which states the following ((any act characterized by violence based on religion, gender, self or arbitrary deprivation of liberty Whether it occurs in public affairs or private affairs in life, and psychological violence that occurs in the family)), and we note that the most critical societies are the most prevalent of violence against women, although women have the right to equal enjoyment and protection of all human rights and fundamental freedoms In the political, economic, social, cultural and civil fields, international provisions define the measures that each country should take alongside the specialized agencies and agencies of the United Nations in order to eliminate violence against women

In recent years, the phenomenon of Islamic extremism has occupied the attention of many researchers, and many studies were issued in an attempt to analyze and explain their causes, but most of these studies attributed the phenomenon to cultural factors, and many of them were not devoid of political motives and goals aimed at associating extremism with Islam and Muslims or a specific sectarian trend. Therefore, the scientific and practical need becomes urgent to present a comprehensive approach to this complex phenomenon in a way that achieves a more comprehensive understanding. Accordingly, this study seeks to provide objective scientific knowledge that includes the analysis and deconstruction of the phenomenon to lay the foundations for a comprehensive scientific approach.

Iran’s nuclear issue has been one of the core issues of International politics. Concurrently, the issue of survival of the State of Israel and the threat perception of the US allies in the Middle East pushed Washington to attenuate Iran’s inchoate nuclear policy. Incubus period during Obama administration even brought about erratic companionship between Israel and Saudi Arabia. This asymmetry-in the span of mere years- has rekindled long-simmering protectionist impulses and Trump administration elected. A new page began being written on the Iran’s nuclear issue.