JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCES

The current research aims to recognize (the relationship of some muscular coordination variables and transmission of force effect and biomechnical variables by basketball jump correction). The researchers used the descriptive approach in the manner of associative relationships to suit the problem of research, the researcher selected (4) players from different clubs in a deliberate manner and the players' attempts were adopted as viewers (20) views. The researchers used the SPSS statistical pouch to extract the results, and the most important findings were a moral correlation (for the force survival time variable) with the jump correction accuracy index, nor did the results show moral correlations between the jump correction accuracy index with both (biomechnical variables, most power platform variables, all torque variables, and electrical activity indicators

The rapid development achieved in the mathematical levels came as a result of proper planning based on scientific and technical foundations in developing educational curricula according to the requirements of the age group. When applying a studied educational curriculum in terms of performance and repetition in an organized manner, these exercises will give the desired benefit and then achieve the goal for which they were set. Positive thinking is the process by which a person organizes his rational experiences in a renewed manner in order to find solutions to the problems facing him. The process of mental preparation of the student is one of the things that has become necessary in order to prepare them in an integrated way to be able to meet the requirements of performance. For this, those interested in the sports side must pay attention to this age stage, especially in the game of basketball, by investing and directing the mental, physical and motor abilities, which are the basis for the learning and performance of offensive skills in basketball. The importance of research lies in accessing the most important mental, physical and motor abilities.
As for the research problem, it can be formulated as follows? Does the educational curriculum for people with positive thinking have an effect on developing some mental, physical and motor abilities and learning some offensive skills in basketball for students? Or did the researcher resort to the experimental approach by designing the two equal groups with pre and post measurement for random groups? 2023) and their number is (150) students, divided into three divisions, from which the research sample (experimentation sample) was chosen randomly, and it was represented by the two divisions (A, B) from (Noah Intermediate School), the number of which was (40) students divided into two groups, control and experimental
As for the conclusions:
1- Working with the educational curriculum led to a positive improvement in the amount of development of mental, motor and physical abilities and learning of offensive skills.
2- The emergence of the dominance of motor abilities is greater than the emergence of physical and mental characteristics.
And recommendations:
1- The need to use the educational curriculum prepared in schools and specialized centers for basketball.
2- Adopting abilities (agility, steadfast balance, reaction and kinesthetic perception) in the selection and selection of young students

Scientific development has included the emergence of new ideas and strategies put forward on the scene that made the teacher in charge more important in managing the learning process and as a result of the fact that learners do not respond do not respond to the education process in one way because of the individual differences between them, and it tends to make the student is the focus of the educational process, so it has become necessary to use new strategies for learning to take into account these differences and this is only done by revealing the potential of learners and their intellectual, cognitive, psychological and other ability, on the basis of which they are classified and then Choose the strategy to reach the desired goal, "The quest of those in charge of the educational process in the field of physical education and sports sciences in general and volleyball in particular to search permanently and continuously for modern methods and methods, where many studies have proven that volleyball is one of the most prevalent collective games in most countries of the world, as volleyball is characterized by multiple skills and speed of performance, and that teachers of physical education must learn and master its law because they are in direct contact with this game in schools or school tournaments, they understand Who referee these matches, including those who aspire to be a referee in volleyball, so the researchers decided to delve into this problem through the use of an educational approach based on the strategy of the epicognitive learning cycle in developing decision-making accuracy in the game of volleyball, and the researchers assumed: There are statistically significant differences between the results of the pre- and post-tests of the research sample and in favor of the post-tests, The researchers used the experimental approach of the experimental and control groups to solve the problem, and the sample was represented by students of the fourth stage of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences. The exploratory experiment was conducted and the application of tests concerned with the research, and then the researchers applied the educational units for a period of (8) weeks and by (1) educational unit one per week, and after obtaining the results, the researchers processed them by using the statistical bag spss and after analyzing the results, the researchers reached the most important conclusions, that the strategy of the metacognitive learning cycle prepared by the researcher proved its effectiveness in developing the accuracy of decision-making volleyball for students of the fourth stage.

The importance of this research comes through the use of modern exercises, which are mini-match exercises with the junior football class. To reveal the best training method for developing the number of physical abilities in order to find out the extent of the impact of the prepared exercises on those physical capabilities of the young football players to serve the coaches and workers in this field, and the research problem lies in the lack of application of training models for mini-matches implemented in specific areas and the lack of diversity and change in methods The performance of these exercises and the almost complete adherence to the place of training, and most of the coaches limit themselves to an almost similar series of exercises, especially in the field of training groups of the age groups, and that the use of games and mini-matches is a basic means to develop the levels of the players physically, and that reaching the higher levels was not by chance or randomness, but rather as a result Using the latest correct scientific methods and proper planning, and the aim of the research is: Preparing exercises and mini-matches for soccer players ages (13-14), identifying the differences in the number of physical abilities of football school players ages (13-14) years in post-tests between the two research groups The experimental and the control, and the hypothesis of the research is the existence of significant differences in the number of physical abilities of the football school players at the ages of (13-14) years in the post-tests between the two research groups, the experimental and the control, in favor of the experimental group.
The researchers used the experimental approach due to its suitability to the nature of the problem, and the research community chose the stratified random method, and they are the players of the Specialized Football School for the Chamchamal Sports Club, ages (13-14) years from the season (2021-2022), and their number is (68) players, and the research sample was (30). ) players, (2) goalkeepers and (4) players were excluded for the purposes of the exploratory experiment, so the size of the research sample was (24) players, the sample was divided into two groups, control and experimental, in a random manner and by drawing lots, each group with (12) players, and the field The time period is from (8/21/2021) until (10/13/2021). The curriculum was applied with exercises at the beginning of the main section of the unit, with three training units per week for a period of (8) weeks, and the total number of training units is (24) units. For the purpose of processing the results, the researchers used the SPSS statistical package.
As for the conclusions reached by the researcher: The mini-games exercises applied by the experimental group showed a positive effect in improving the results of the post-tests and in all the physical variables under study

The correct planning of the sports training process based on understanding the rules of training and scientific principles is an essential point for raising the level of the athlete, and sports physiology has become a basis for developing the sports level, and the responsibility for choosing new training methods commensurate with the abilities and perceptions that characterize the player, and according to the capabilities that he trains, thanks to The tremendous progress in the various means of measurement, and for the purpose of developing and raising the level of sports in all events and competitions, the coaches must be aware of the energy systems involved in this game and describe the training doses according to scientific bases in order to bring about functional adaptations in the body systems of the athlete, and therefore the training is dependent on the involvement and introduction of an important system Lactic acid in the preparation stages of players. Through keeping up with the researchers for the Iraqi Premier League and following up the teams participating in the league competitions, he noticed the difficulty of implementing and performing the duties of tactical skills. What prompted the two researchers to prepare his study and identify the research problem in setting training for tactical skills using the stations method according to the lactic acid system and its impact on the variables of anaerobic capacity and lactic concentration for advanced basketball players. The research aims (prepare exercises to develop tactical skills training in some functional variables for advanced basketball players, and also to identify the differences between the pre and post tests for some functional variables for advanced basketball players), and the research hypothesis was (there are statistically significant differences between the pre and post tests The research group investigated some functional variables of advanced basketball players). The spatial field included the physiology laboratory and the indoor hall of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science at the University of Sulaymaniyah. The second chapter included the research methodology and field procedures, and the researchers used the experimental method for one group, and the research sample included the players of the North Oil Club in basketball, and the researchers relied on collecting data with tests and processing them statistically according to the biological bag (SPSS). The third chapter included presenting and discussing the results for the statement of the hypothesis, and the conclusion included the most important conclusions and recommendations reached by the researchers and concluded (that the tactical skills training has a positive impact on the development of some functional variables (anaerobic capacity, lactic concentration), and the researchers recommend (the need to urge the trainers to introduce tactical skills training In their training, as well as allocating part of the training unit to these trainings on an ongoing basis and emphasizing the element of competition and suspense in the exercises.

The study aimed to identify the relationship between emotional intelligence and the skillful performance of volleyball players and to reveal the differences in the levels of emotional intelligence according to the gender variable. The researcher used quasi-experimental method.
This research was conducted on 60 players: 29 females and 30 males of the Syrian Volleyball players, during the 2021 tournament. In order to measure emotional intelligence, the researcher used the Bar-On scale, which consists of 60 items distributed over 6 dimensions, namely (personal competence dimension - social competence dimension - stress management dimension - adaptation dimension - world mood dimension and positive impression dimension). The results showed that there is a strong relationship between the level of emotional intelligence of the players (male and female) and their skillful performance in the match. There were also statistically significant differences between the level of emotional intelligence for males and females; in favor of females. The researcher recommends that coaches should benefit from the results of the current study dhe process of psychological preparation of the players and include the emotional intelligence in the training programs for the players.

The current research aims to identify (The effectiveness of wooclap program in enhancing the teaching skill of the subject of teaching methods for students of the third stage in the college of Physical Education and Sports Sciences), and the researcher used the experimental approach to achieve the goal of the research because it is more appropriate to the nature of the research. - 2018 AD, the research community consisted of students from the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - University of Diyala, students of the third stage for the academic year (2022-2023), and their number is (96) distributed over (3) divisions, which are (A, B, C)
As for the research sample, the researcher chose it using the random method by lottery method, where Division (A) was chosen as an experimental group whose members will be exposed to the independent variable (Wooclap program) and Division (B) as a control group as it will be taught according to the program used in teaching by the subject teacher, and the researcher used the bag Statistics (spss-26), and reached conclusions, including that the effective activities prepared within the (Wooclap) program had a positive role in developing the teaching skills of the experimental group, and it also recommended the adoption of the (Wooclap) program in the lesson of physical education because of its positive impact on Teaching skills for the lesson of teaching methods of physical education and sports sciences.

This chapter includes the introduction to the research and its importance, as the importance of the research lies in the study of psychological experiences and their relationship to the intellectual stress of team sports coaches by means of the psychological experience scale that the researcher builds and standardizes for this category of coaches who are exposed to psychological pressures and difficulties they face in training and competitions.
Research problem:After seeing the researcher about the previous studies, it became clear to the researcher that the subject of psychological experiences in the sports field was not addressed, so the researcher decided to study psychological experiences, as well as the lack of a measuring tool to measure the psychological experiences of team games coaches in Iraq, so the researcher decided to build and standardize the psychological experiences scale This section included the research methodology and field procedures, and in harmony with the nature of the problem, the researcher used the descriptive survey method and (relationships) to suit the research problem. Note that the research sample was (315) trainers. (15) trainers were used for the sample of the exploratory experiment, and (150) trainers as a sample for rationing and application, and then discussing the tools used and the steps of conducting the research, which included Designing a questionnaire The questionnaire that contained five domains (35) items distributed over the five domains, and an indication of how these questionnaires were distributed as well as the statistical methods used in the re The fourth chapter dealt with presenting, analyzing and discussing research data using appropriate statistical methods in order to achieve the objectives of the research. In his study, the researcher reached the following most important conclusions and recommendations:
The most important conclusions:The measure of the psychological experiences of team sports coaches working in the sports and school activity departments in Iraq is a usable tool for measuring their psychological experiences search.

The development in the game of basketball skills challenge is an inevitable result of the integration of various sciences into the training process to reach the highest levels. Planning and testing are among the most important scientific methods contributing to progress and continuity in this advancement. A modern game in basketball, the skills challenge game, has been created by the International Basketball Federation. Due to the requirements of this modern game, which contains multiple skills, players need to be prepared at their best physical level and master the fundamental principles and skills to achieve the desired outcome.
The study aimed to determine the relationship between the performance of the peaceful shooting and free throw skills for players of the national team in the basketball skills challenge game.
1. The researchers used the descriptive method, and the research sample consisted of basketball players representing clubs from the North and Baghdad for the year 2022-2023, totaling six clubs. The survey experiment was conducted, and the tests related to the research were applied to 30 players out of 80 players. After obtaining the results, the researchers processed them using statistical analysis. After analyzing the results, the researchers reached several conclusions, the most important of which are: it is possible to predict skill performance based on some physical determinants, which can be used to select players for the basketball skills challenge game

The importance of the research in preparing a psychological counseling program and its effectiveness in improving the self-control of female students
The objectives of the research were
Preparing a psychological counseling program for female students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / University of Kirkuk and building a measure of self-control among students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / University of Kirkuk and identifying a measure of self-control among female students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / University of Kirkuk and identifying a measure of future anxiety among female students of the College Physical Education and Sports Sciences / University of Kirkuk and identifying the effectiveness of the psychological counseling program in self-control among female students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / University of KirkukThe psychological counseling program has a positive effect on improving self-control among students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / University of Kirkuk.As for the research methodology and its field procedures, the researcher used the experimental approach using the method of two equal groups with two pre and post tests to suit the nature of the problem to be solved. Al-Amdia, which included all students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Kirkuk except for the fourth stage students, where the researcher excluded this stage from the experiment because the fourth stage students are subject to field application outside the college for a period of (45) days, and the researcher cannot communicate with them continuously, so they were excluded from the experiment the basic .
. In addition to the tools that were used in the research and the addition of any measure of self-controlThe letter came out with several recommendations, including:- The need to use the counseling programs as complementary units within the curricula of the faculties of physical education.The possibility of teachers and educational counselors in colleges benefiting from the counseling program designed to improve self-control among female students.

The study aimed to identify the differences between the theoretical mean and the answers of the research sample in general in the degree of positive thinking and negative thinking among a sample of students practicing and non-practicing sports activities at the University of Zakho. The sample for the current study included (70) students from the Faculty of Education at the University of Zakho, and it was represented by (40) students from the Department of Physical Education who practice sports activities, as well as (30) students from the Department of Psychology who do not practice sports activities. The study conducted using the descriptive method, due to its suitability to the nature of the research.
The data processed using (SPSS) as a statistical package by the researcher, and the study resulted in the members of the research sample generally enjoying a high level of positive thought as opposed to negative thought. The results also showed that students who practice sports activities have a higher level of positive thinking than students who do not practice sports activities.
Finally, the study showed there are no differences between students who practice sports activities and students who do not practice sports activities in the level of negative thinking. The researcher concluded with a set of recommendations as follows:
1- Conducting periodic tests to evaluate the degrees of positive and negative thinking among students of both departments.
2- Creating a psychological climate that enhances the positive aspects as well as reduces the negative aspects for students of the two sections of the Department of Education at the University of Zakho.
3- The need to conduct similar future studies on students from other colleges of both genders

The problem of searching for the relationship of female students' performance of the skill of standing on the hands in gymnastics on the carpet of floor movements was manifested, in addition to the possibility of those in charge of inattention to the students' acceptance of the physical pattern that characterizes the student.
Physical patterns of the third-year students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, the morning study for the year 2022 AD at the University of Diyala.
- The level of performance of the students for the skill of standing on the hands on the carpet of floor movements according to their physical patterns.
The relationship of physical patterns to the performance of the skill of standing on the hands of female students on the carpet of floor movements.
The research community included students of the third stage, College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Diyala for the academic year (2022 AD - 2023 AD). Skinny with the inability to perform the skill of the obese physical index) the researchers also concluded several recommendations, the most important of which is (the need to focus on physical measurements and physical style when accepting female students in the College of Physical Education

This study aimed to investigate the levels of mental toughness and achievement motivation among athletes participating in individual sports (such as athletics and karate) and team sports (including football and volleyball). Additionally, the study sought to explore the relationship between mental toughness and achievement motivation while identifying potential variations based on variables such as training experience. The developed questionnaires were based on the Mental Toughness and Achievement Motivation theory, yielding a sample of 420 players participants. The results indicated that, on average, the participants exhibited a high level of mental toughness and achievement motivation. Moreover, a positive and statistically significant correlation was observed between mental toughness and achievement motivation. Furthermore, noteworthy differences were detected in specific dimensions of mental toughness (such as positive energy and direction control) based on the variable of training experience, favoring athletes with more than 5 years of training.
Based on these results, researchers recommended that the importance of cultivating mental toughness among athletes and comprehending the various dimensions of pertinent psychological and cognitive factors specific to each sport. Understanding these dynamics is deemed crucial for the long-term success and excellence of athletes' careers.
Keywords: Mental Toughness, Achievement Motivation

This section contained the introduction to the research and its importance: as the researcher touched on the importance of studying the meaning of life for these athletes, it is a step in the process of rebalancing to discuss everything that is positive or negative in behavior and their human personality and helps them in developing their social and health relationships, enhancing their mental health and resisting the pressures they are exposed to . As for the search problem: In view of the lack of tools that measure the meaning of life for disabled players in Iraq, the researcher resorted to building a tool to measure the meaning of life for disabled players so that they can use it to identify the meaning of the psychological life of players and thus can be used by coaches to treat some of the cases that the disabled player suffers from. The objectives of the study include building and codifying the meaning of life scale for disabled players in Iraqi sports clubs, where the researcher touched in the second chapter on the concept of the meaning of life and its importance in the sports field and its clear impact on sports clubs, and the researcher relied on theoretical studies, reference frameworks and scientific sources on which he relied. The researcher determines the areas and expressions of the scale. In the third chapter, the researcher used the descriptive survey method, because it is the most suitable method for the nature and objectives of the research

The importance of the research came to develop scientific information about the role of ballistic training in bringing about important changes in blood components, in addition to employing the developed physical side to develop basic skills in volleyball, and thus we have worked to advance volleyball players for the better and achieve advanced levels. The research problem was manifested in that ballistic training, even if it was used in volleyball, was not investigated from the side of the effect on the necessary blood indicators in the process of transporting oxygen and energy to the working muscles in addition to the skill side, and this is considered a research problem that requires investigation of its facts and an indication of its role in the process of adaptation and development of blood components and performance Skills for volleyball players.
The main objectives of the research were: to identify the effect of ballistic training on some indicators of blood and skill performance of young volleyball players. And it was concluded: Ballistic training is important in achieving the goal of training by raising the level of some blood indicators and the skillful performance of young volleyball players, and accordingly it was recommended. Adopting ballistic training because of its importance in achieving the goal of training by raising the level of some blood indicators and the skillful performance of young volleyball players