NTU Journal of Engineering and Technology

The main aim from this researchexperimentally studied the effect of external powereffectlike use the active technique which is represented as an air bubble injection onshell side ofU shape double pipe heat exchangerandin this investigationswas useda suitableU shapeheat exchangerwith different position angle of the U shape Exchanger like position (U shape , ∩ Inverse U shape ) in additionally used asystemwhich has alltheequipmentsthatmeasuring flow rates andparameters,the vortex generation due to the curvature of bending shell and tube has strong effect to increase the performance of exchanger. The results with this injection inside the shell side demonstrated that theoptimizeposition of exchanger with bestperformanceof parameter was with (∩)Inverseand the exchanger enhancement was(24.4%) due to the different shape of diffuser whichwasused it with inverse U shape exchanger. theair bubble injection as active technique it suggestedthat the effect cause by the bubble increment the agitation of flow and due to the motion of fluid and air as mixing turbulence flowmotion andincreased the heat transfer rate and performance parameterof exchanger.

NAND &NOR logic gates are general purpose logic gates that can be used to build other logic gates.This article describes a new NAND gate based on 3T (3 transistors) whichhas the correct output logic level and behaves similarly to the previous designNAND gate logic.The proposed structure has faster processing and lower power consumptionwhatmakesit ideal for large-scale integration (VLSI) applications. Typical 16nm CMOS fabrication techniques were used for simulation,,build Nand Gate, and to compare it to Nand Gate with different techniques and design such as using four transistors. It turns out that theamount of delay in this desgin with the selected technology compared to other projects with other technologies is less, that is, 0.02966ns , which provesthat the smaller the delay, the faster the gate operates.

This the first goal of digital image processing was to aid a human observer in intercepting certainevents taking placethrough suchimages, yet we are more inclined to suppressthe observer. We want to ask the computer to automatically analyze imagesin the same approachthat a human observer might. Mathematical approaches are used to process images in image processing.Differentapproaches are done to the imagein image processing to obtain a better image.The main goal of image enhancement is processing certainimage so that the resultis more appropriatefor a specific application compared tooriginal image.The first part of the presented studygives an overview regarding the approaches ofdigital image processing, while the second section introduces the concept of deep learning (DL)approaches and compares them.

In large buildings, an HVAC system established for the purpose of cooling consumes around 60% of the overall energy requirements.The purpose of this research is to determine the cooling load based on the local climate.A building with dimensions of 17 m x 13 m x 3.5 m was taken as a case study. In this research, The CLTD/CLF method is used to calculate the cooling loads. On the basis of the MATLAB V.2014b program, the appropriate codes were written. Meteonorm version 8.0.3 was used to collect detailed local climate data for an average of 20 years.the results showed that the high load occurs in August and July, respectively. The peak cooling load for August was on the 19th of August, which was 49.22kW, and the peak cooling load for July was on the 21st of July, which was 46.4kW.

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a disorder that predominantly affects the cartilage in the human knee joint. In legmovement , cartilage plays a vital function. In osteoarthritis the cartilage's top layer crumbles and impairs causing excruciating agony. A patient with knee discomfort should see a doctor, who will assess the patient's clinical symptoms and recommend that the patient undergo radiographic imaging of the knee. In the therapy of osteoarthritis, clinical symptoms are quite important. Clinical symptoms and radiological criteria are used to do a proper examination of the disease. The breadth of the joint space, osteophytes, and sclerosis are all important radiographic criteria. Based on radiological data, the Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) scoring system is used to evaluate the severity of the condition. The KL system is the most widely used approach for grading Osteoarthritis (OA) in the knee joint into five separate classes, primarily to determine the severity of the illness. (Normal, Doubtful, Mild, Moderate, Severe).In this review, various medical imaging technologies used to detect and identify knee osteoarthritis have been examined in details. The automated detection of human illness recovery rates and the classification of Osteoarthritis in the knee using medical images utilizing a variety of medical image classification methods have been investigated. This research paper included the many medical imaging procedures used. with a review of the classification methods of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) between2018-2021 using artificial intelligence techniques and showed their methods and results.

Most of the traditional SQL keeps database records that do not often alternate. Models are client connection control systems or web and website online systems that replace like clockwork/seconds. Recently, programmers had composed dense codes to make database alter with converting or streaming records. Creating vast micro services to cope with stream records is exorbitant and often instable. SQL streaming database cope with record streams with insignificant coding and convey non-stop research for an extensive variety of forms of cutting-edge packages. A streaming database works with dynamic records that modification constantly. This converting record triggers other inquiries and packages as opposed to traditional way. The main characteristics of streaming database are continuous record of new data input, update the database status in real time, and answer online queries with consistency of database state. Standard database requireshuman to supply a reaction for streaming events. For example, when a customer buys an object on a commercial web enterprise human contribution triggers the reaction. The records in a streaming database are sort of streaming events in which it examines, gathers, and cycles those records streams and catches the records to be used gradually alarms, perceptions, questions, or packages. This research follows streaming database of deaf people to simultaneously provide understanding of events. Experiments showed that the streaming database structures are more appropriate for deaf people communicating with each other and with normal people as well. Extracted from the fact that 70% per cent of the sample were satisfied with the suggested system , more than 80% percentage of normal people are satisfying with the system, while more than 85% percentage of deaf and normal people are happy with the system. This type of on line updating and its applications can be applied for people with learning special needs in various ways.

Iraq, the country of the two rivers, was affected during the past two seasons by drought as a result of the lack of rain, which led to a decrease in agricultural production.With the emergence and expansion ofIoT, studies have taken a new approach to treat drought through smart agriculture that can preserve water that are wasted outside the needs of plants.This studyaimsatidentifingscientific research on technologies related to smart irrigation using IoT. 35 research articles were reviewed after surveying 80 research titles, the parameters that are monitored and controlled by sensors and communication technologies were mainly and broadly analyzed, as well as expanded on some topics of specific challenges and recommendations in this field.This study will provide researchers with an opportunity to have avalid resource for them. In additional to communication technologies specializedin agriculture that will be required to accomplish a long-term vision in the development of smart agriculture.

This paper shows a micro-strip antenna based on the yagi antenna principle, both singly and in a matrix. The suggested antenna can operate at a frequency of 10 GHz, which is in the X-band, That suggested a return loss (S11) should be lessthan (-10 dB) and“the Voltage Stand Wave Ratio”(VSWR) should be lessthan 2. Two types of micro-strip Yagi antennas were simulated and compared by calculating the parameters (directivity, gain, parameter S11, VSWR). The first design consists of one antenna and the second consists of a group of two antennas. CST Microwave studio soft-ware 2019 wasused for designing and simulation. The results were for antennas constructed for Gain (5.308dB) (9.682dB) and Directivity (6.016dB) (10.28), with the second Antenna outperforming the first antenna by a wide margin.