Mustansiriyah Journal of Arts

The study of Musnadian languages is considered a major part of the comparative language studies, especially after the revolution of Musnadian discoveries, which took a large part of the attention of Yemeni, Omani, and Saudi archaeologists and linguists. Although these studies are progressing very slowly from our simple point of view, However, it represents a qualitative leap in the number of inscriptions and scaffold texts discovered, and if the specialist in comparative linguistic studies aspires to translate or analyze one of these texts, he will find himself faced with a wealth of linguistic, historical, and archaeological information. These inscriptions are distinguished by highlighting valuable linguistic information through the analysis of which a number of theories, visions, and linguistic results were identified. Such issue has been confined only to thought and speculation. To name one of these topics, Al Atuf structure which still needs to much scientific and logical explanation, hence the study aims to uncover and explain these structural phenomena in serving comparative language studies.

Place and time form the space that includes other narrative elements, complementing its special treats to enlighten several aspects of the event and the characters in the narrative piece. Hence, place is the space which where all other events happen, and in which all the characters move and take action. Time is the element that the author chooses to narrate the events, and we find that time and place form a remarkable presence in the novels of Abdo Khal, reflecting the importance of this relationship in evaluating the narration.

Alienation is an old term that has been used in various parts of the world, philosophically, literary, and psychologically. Poets and writers have found a wide scope in it to express what the soul endures and suffers. Because the literary text is an experience lived by the self within an environment in which it grew up. Which made alienation a deeply rooted and renewed phenomenon. Therefore, this study came within this field in choosing the phenomenon of alienation to study the poetry collection “The Garden of Answers” by the poet Hussein Al-Qasid, who is considered one of the poets who rebelled against systems and restrictions until it became part of his diaries. Therefore, this phenomenon was clear and evident in his poetry, as a result of the influences of authority, customs, and the values of a society with its psychological and dynamic factors.

Undoubtedly, Imru' Alqays' Muallaqa gained the intensive attention of those who are interested in the pre-Islamic poetry at the different literary, critical and academic levels. There were different readings for that Muallaqa from various perspectives. Here lies the importance of this research which is regarded as one of the several readings that aim at discovering new additions for those studies. The current research aims at presenting a new reading which may help answering some questions which have been of concern to the researchers or the readers. Such questions include the reason of saying the Muallaqa, it's time, topics and the arrangement of its lines. The research tried to follow the reading style to reach new data based on the interpretation of various kinds of evidence. The layout of the research includes an introduction which presents clarifications of the title and the reasons behind saying that poem. The research falls into two sections. The first focuses on the objective obsession of Almuallaqat topics. The second has to do with the literary obsession which led the poet to make his poem as it is. It is worth mentioning that this is not a final reading of the poem and it has not included it all. It is only an attempt to start a new view of reading the pre-Islamic poetry. It may be a starting point for those who aim at discovering what is new.

The research explores the semantic development that occurs in l


anguage uses of the words of the Holy Qur’an over the years as a result of; For factors affecting it, so the change is in the sounds, and sometimes in the grammatical structures or meanings, which results in narrowing the meanings of the words and their specification, or expanding the meanings of the words, or changing the uses of these words through metaphors or transferring them through their transcendence from the lowest to the best or from the best to the lowest through external factors.

This research deals with the sentence in the eyes of the ancient grammarians, their method of studying it, and its being a controversial concept. Some of them equated the concept of sentence with speech; So they made them synonymous, and some of them made the sentence broader than speech, and some of them made the speech broader than the sentence, and some of them put determinants for that, and some of them made the sentence two categories, and some made it three types, and some of them made it Four categories, while the sentence investigations did not receive clear and explicit attention except for the late grammarians.