Journal of Business Economics for Applied Research

This study seeks to know the role of transformationalism in addressing job laziness within the framework of a contemporary theoretical framework for the most prominent contributions of writers and researchers about the research variables, in addition to the framework of an analytical framework for the opinions of a selected sample within the research community. Of the two, the first field driving party artifacts obtained through research and authors due to their importance in organizations. The second variable is job laziness.
Based on the above, the research aimed to achieve the goals of achieving the goal of the archaeological relationship and the correlation between the study variables. And an indication of the best methods that can be used to guide the organization for the purposes of functional laziness. The research was conducted on a sample of administrative leaders at the University of Mosul, amounting to (190), (146) forms were retrieved valid for analysis.

The aim of the research is to know the relationship and the characteristics of the audit committees represented by (the size of the audit committees, the number of meetings of the audit committees, the financial experience of the members of the audit committees, the independence of the members of the audit committees) and the quality of disclosure of sustainability information and its reflection on the financial performance. To achieve this goal, the research dealt with an analytical method Content of the annual financial statements of a sample of the fifteen Iraqi banking companies listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange, for the period from 2011 to 2020, for the purpose of collecting primary data and measuring the study variables. Correlation and regression models were used to examine the relationship and influence between these variables, and the research reached That the characteristics of the audit committees have a significant positive correlation with the quality of disclosure of sustainability information and there is a positive effect and significant significance of the quality of disclosure of sustainability information on the financial performance of the Iraqi banks, the study sample, and the existence of a correlation of the characteristics of the audit committees (except for the independence of the audit committee) a significant positive correlation with Financial performance.

The research aims to identify the ability of the researched company to adopt the dimensions of competitive superiority represented by (organizational flexibility, response to the customer, speed of delivery, market share). (63) respondents of job cadres (branch managers, accountants, sales managers and their employees, warehouse managers and their employees) in the researched company, The research was reinforced by several descriptive and analytical methods, and the two researchers reached a set of results, including: The researched company possesses the dimensions expressing competitive superiority, and this indicates to us that the Vitra Sanitaryware and Ceramic Company in Iraq is interested in providing requirements for superiority over competitors, and the research presented a set of proposals, the most important of which is work To raise the capabilities of the researched company with regard to organizational flexibility, by keeping abreast of technical developments, in a way that enables the company to adapt to the emergency conditions it faces, and in a way that enhances the company's ability to achieve its goals.

This study was prepared to know the role of customer relations management in Enhancing Mass Customization , in the General Company for Electrical and Electronic Industries in Baghdad governorate, as customer relationship management was adopted (as an independent variable) expressed by its dimensions (customer acquisition, customer value, customer satisfaction, customer retention). And the Mass Customization (as a dependent variable) represented by its entrances (the cooperative approach, the adaptive approach, the cosmetic approach, the transparent approach), in order to address the problem of the study, which is “Does customer relationship management in terms of its dimensions contribute to Enhancing broad recommendation in the researched organization?”
This study adopted a hypothetical scheme that reflects the nature of the hypotheses that express the availability of the dimensions of the study variables in the researched organization, and the correlation and influence relationships between them at the macro and micro levels. The researched organization retrieved (75) questionnaires, and the collected data were analyzed by adopting several statistical methods (descriptive and analytical) according to the statistical program (SPSS).
The researcher reached a set of conclusions, including the possession of the researched organization of the dimensions expressing each of the customer relations management and the broad recommendation, as well as the existence of correlation and significant influence relations between them (the two variables of the study) and at the macro and partial levels of their dimensions, and in the light of these conclusions several proposals were presented to organizations in general The research is private. Keywords: Customer Relationship Management, Dimensions of Customer Relationship Management, Mass customization, Mass customization approaches.

The current study aims to investigate the effect of trust and knowledge sharing on the intention to adopt blockchain technology by physicians in governmental hospitals in the city of Mosul. These hospitals face a problem related to doctors' lack of confidence in the technologies related to sharing medical knowledge. Accordingly, a conceptual framework was developed to examine the relationships proposed in this study. Where a questionnaire was adapted in order to collect data from the study sample, which is represented by doctors in these hospitals, based on the five-point Likert scale. (322) questionnaires that could be analyzed were collected. The data collection process began in December 2022. Using (SmartPLS) and (SPSS) programs, the statistical analysis of this study was carried out. The results obtained indicate that trust has a significant positive and significant impact on the intention to adopt blockchain technology in hospitals. Moreover, knowledge sharing was found to mediate the relationship between trust and intention to adopt blockchain technology. This study recommends the need to enhance doctors' confidence in this technology and its role in facilitating the process of sharing knowledge among co-workers through holding courses and workshops. In addition, the most prominent future research directions are discussed.

The current study aimed at highlighting the positive leadership pattern represented by the serving leadership that takes care of the employees and helps them to develop and prosper in addition to treating these employees ethically and fairly to promote the spirit of innovation for the employees and consequently this leads in an improvement in the health services and makes them more harmonious with the organization policy and objectives. This study was conducted to identify the extent to which the servant leadership influences, with its dimensions, (conceptual skills, empowerment, emotional healing, ethical behavior, caring for subordinates first, helping subordinates to grow and succeed, commitment to community development) on organizational innovation. To achieve the objectives of the study a questionnaire form was used as the main tool to collect the data of the field aspect of the study. For the purpose of getting acquaintanted with the opinions of the individuals researched, the study adopted the descriptive methodology to deal with the theoretical and field data of the organization in question. The population of the study in the departments of the Directorate of Health in Nineveh involved (2000) employees and the random sample of the study included (400) respondents. The questionnaire forms were distributed to the sample individuals and (362) forms were restored, which were valid for analysis and this represents (90.5%) of the total number of forms with responses. Several statistical tools and techniques were used to analyze the practical field and included (the arithmetic means, standard deviation, the assertive factorial analysis that is used to verify the validity of the study scale and the analysis of the effect relationship). The statistical work was conducted through the statistical package (SPSS V26 & AMOS V24). The study reached a group of conclusions, most prominent of which is that the statistical analysis revealed that there is a direct relationship between the serving leadership and organizational innovation.

Compliance with the application of financial rules would correct the course of fiscal policy in Iraq with the need to direct oil revenues during the years of financial abundance when global oil prices rise to sovereign funds, which contributes to preserving public revenues, and facing the shocks that occur as a result of the decline in global oil prices, as well as The ability of the government to continue its development programs, which provides it with a sustainable path for economic activity and to avoid deficit problems that lead to an increase in public debt (internal and external) and its negative repercussions on oil-exporting countries in general, and on the Iraqi economy in particular. What is achieved in the general budget, despite the huge financial returns, is due to the increase in the volume of public expenditures on the one hand and the weakness of non-oil revenues on the other hand, and that the main recommendation of the research is that the fiscal policy have a large and effective role by controlling and influencing economic activity, and that applying and activating its financial rules, and limiting inappropriate financial policies that lead to the loss of a large percentage of financial allocations, which causes A financial deficit in the state's general budget.

This research seeks to reveal the reality of organizational prosperity in private hospitals in Al-Anbar Governorate. And to address his field problem, the analytical descriptive approach was used, and the questionnaire was the main tool adopted in the current research, which is reliable for collecting data and information from the intentional research sample of (82) managers, from the upper and middle departments in the private hospitals surveyed. And adopted a number of statistical methods to process data and information using ready-made statistical programs (SPSS V.24, Amos24, Excel), and The research concluded that there are good levels of organizational prosperity in the surveyed hospitals at the macro and micro levels, through the interest shown by its dimensions, which are (intellectual capital, strategic agility, sustainable competitive advantage, creativity), and this is an important indicator that private hospitals realize the importance of Achieving organizational prosperity and its endeavor to follow this approach by investing in the factors that enable it to reach those advanced positions, enabling it to achieve its goals and the ability to grow, succeed and develop.

The current research aims to explain the role of knowledge economy indicators as one of the tributaries of human development planning in enhancing human capital. In order to fuel the spirit of competition in international markets, information and communication technology is also working to change the nature of economic activities, its steps and its location, and products are created with new markets, institutions and values. Material money as a major factor of production. And in the era of industries based on mental ability, skills and knowledge became the basis of basic capital, and it became necessary for companies and countries to plan for the development of human resources according to the indicators of the knowledge economy. Ascending and the rules of economic success are changing, technological achievements and economic restructuring and the issue of planning to build human capabilities should adapt to the requirements of economic intelligence that the world is witnessing. The research reached several conclusions, the most important of which are: The need for Iraq to adopt systematic and proactive strategies for the transition to a knowledge economy.

The current research aims to determine the possibility of employing the dimensions of strategic intelligence in the General Company for Electrical and Electronic Industries, and through two aspects, the first included a presentation of what was mentioned in the literature on its subject, while the second was embodied in an exploratory study of the opinions of a sample of employees in the company in the field of research about the extents of the possibility of employing these dimensions, and the research problem was identified. With several questions related to the dimensions of strategic intelligence, my agencies:
1. Is there a clear perception among the administrative leaders of the researched company about the dimensions of strategic intelligence?
2. What is the level of availability of strategic intelligence dimensions in the researched company?
The researchers worked on trying to answer these questions by adopting the descriptive and analytical approaches with the adoption of numerical tools in collecting data and information, as well as the questionnaire. (45) A valid questionnaire for analysis, and after analyzing the data by adopting some statistical methods, the research reached a set of results, perhaps the most important of which is that the general rate of awareness of the respondents regarding the dimensions of strategic intelligence adopted by the research was good in the researched company, and this is an indication that these leaders were able To employ its ability with strategic intelligence in its dimensions (foreseeing, thinking in the logic of the system, future vision, partnership, motivating employees) towards building a sound strategic vision of what the future of the researched company will be like, and based on those results, a set of proposals consistent with it was presented, the most important of which is the need for the management of the researched company to work To enhance the investment of the dimensions of strategic intelligence available to its leaders. Work to implement them in order to improve their performance and give them a degree of precedence in the field of competition.

The dimensions of lean thinking were represented (Value, Value Stream Mapping, Flow, Pull, Striving for Perfection), while the aims of health service quality were (Safety, Effectiveness, Efficiency, Timeliness, Patient-centered, and Equity) The size of the Population was (500) employees. The researchers used the intentional sample method to select the respondents from the staff (medical, health, administrative, technical). If (300) questionnaires were distributed and (2) were excluded, so that the number of valid forms for analysis became (298) forms to be a representative sample of the study Population.
To achieve this, the descriptive-analytical approach was used to collect and analyze data using the (AMOS26) program. The questionnaire was the main tool for the research.
The researchers reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which is the existence of an effect of the dimensions of lean thinking on the aims of health service quality. Based on the conclusions, a set of proposals was developed, the most important of which are: providing a safe environment for employees and patients, enhancing patient safety, avoiding medical errors, and providing more safe services.

The current research to determine the relationship and effect of some improvement models with the ISO 28001:2007 standard in General Company for the Pharmaceutical Industry and Medical Appliances, based on the desire of many industrial and service organizations alike to adopt a standard that helps them in preparing plans and procedures to confront the changes that are raging in the world and what These changes included events and disasters that cast a shadow over the continuity of its activities, and the matter needs to prepare the company through the application of special concepts and models to improve its activities in a way that qualifies it to comply with that specification. With a set of questions presented by a question related to the extent to which continuous improvement models contribute to the standard (ISO 28001:2007), and for the purpose of verifying this question, a hypothetical study scheme was formulated that included the selected continuous improvement models (PDCA, DMAIC) in terms of its stages and the standard (ISO 28001:2007), and it was derived From this scheme, a set of hypotheses were associated with examining the correlation and influence relationships between the variables of the study. Crisis for the data that was collected from the directors of the General Company for the manufacture of medicines and medical supplies in Samarra, with a sample of (225) respondents using the questionnaire form. The conclusions that were reached, the researchers presented a set of proposals with mechanisms to implement them.

The current study aims to clarify the role of mobile collaboration through its various dimensions (social collaboration, interactive collaboration, open collaboration, collaboration through conversations, and collaboration based on participation) in managing the stages of health crises in selected hospitals in the city of Mosul, according to the opinions of its respondents.
In order to achieve the foregoing, the questionnaire was designed as a main tool in data collection for the purpose of measuring the role played by mobile collaboration in managing the stages of health crises through (30) items included in the questionnaire. Selected hospitals in the city of Mosul (Al-Salam Teaching Hospital, Al-Khansa Teaching Hospital and Mosul General Hospital) were a research field for the current study, which adopted the descriptive survey approach. The opinions of a sample of (270) of doctors in these hospitals, which represent the study community, were surveyed. Then, the data was analyzed by using a number of statistical methods. Results were reached that supported the hypotheses and objectives of the study, the most important of which was:
There is a significant correlation and effect between mobile collaboration and managing the stages of health crises at the macro and micro levels. As for the most prominent proposals, the study recommends that the health sector in Mosul city adopt mobile collaboration because of its ability to support collaboration processes between doctors in the health sector to face health crises and as a tool for health crises management.

The research aims to identify the impact of the proposed employee value, which is a phrase (a set of offers provided by the organization in exchange for the skills, capabilities and experiences that the employee provides to the organization). About the process of formulating and implementing the strategy to generate new ideas, which are impromptu procedures practiced by employees to achieve successful results), and to achieve the goal of the research, Asia Cell Communications Company in Mosul was chosen as a community for research and human resources in the company as a sample for the research. An electronic questionnaire form in the (Google Formes) program prepared for the purpose of data collection, and the statistical program (SPSS22) was relied upon to analyze the data and test hypotheses, and what is the nature of the correlation and influence relationships between the research variables, as well as a statement of the most important conclusions and proposals, which showed the agreement of most respondents on the availability of a human resource Efficient and qualified to work in the researched organization, and the research suggested the need to focus on developing future plans for the development and development of its human resources.

The research seeks to show the extent of the impact of digital marketing on marketing success. Digital marketing is considered one of the topics of importance in organizations. Mobile telecommunications companies are considered one of an important in this field. The research focused on the main problem, which is the importance of digital marketing and its impact on marketing success, to answer this question. A main hypothesis was adopted (the opinions of respondents differ about the importance of digital marketing) and what are the dimensions the most influential. A sample of the customers of Korek Mobile Communications Company in Al-Hamdaniya district. They numbered (60) customers, and their opinions were extrapolated through the preparation. A questionnaire was considered the tool for data collection. Then, some statistical tools used to analyse the data collected.
The research reached a set of conclusions:
- Digital marketing is one of the modern concepts that have entered the practices of our local organizations, especially mobile telecommunications companies.
- The results of the description and diagnosis of the digital marketing variable, most of the respondents focused their answers on the positive direction and in varying proportions, and this indicates that the marketing success of the researched company is affected by marketing methods.
- The results of the test showed that there is a significant correlation between digital marketing and marketing success. This indicates that whenever the researched company used digital marketing, it contributed to enhancing its marketing success.
The research provides some suggestions:
- The researched company must innovate new and advanced methods of digital marketing to provide advanced services aimed at achieving greater marketing success.
- The researched company must attract qualified technical staff in order to enhance its marketing success.
- The researched company should participate with customers in the process of developing services that are commensurate with their needs and desires, which is considered a competitive tool.

The aim of this research is to explain the role of accounting dimensions for governance in supporting risk management. It also aims to understand the conceptual framework of these dimensions, and determine the level of risk management in insurance companies. To reach these goals, the researcher was adopted a scientific descriptive analytical approach by using SPSS software (Version 22). The research found that increasing adoption of accounting dimensions for governance enhances both efficiency and effectiveness of risk management in insurance companies.

In this research, a proposal was made to create a Baez board for the number of weighted defects (BD-Chart) and compare it with the Shewart board for the number of weighted defects (D-Chart) through a simulation as well as using real data and relying on a program in Mat lab designed for this purpose and was done through the application Conclusion: The proposed panel was better than Stewart’s panel for the weighted number of defects.

This research aims to identify the role of resonant leadership behaviors with its dimensions (mental alertness, hope, and compassion) in reducing organizational cynicism (after belief, emotional dimension, and behavioral dimension). After reviewing a group of studies and literature, theoretical concepts written and a model and hypotheses built based on resonant leadership behaviors and organizational cynicism. In order to collect data, the electronic questionnaire was relied upon, which was distributed electronically to the research community represented by all faculty members at the University of Sulaymaniyah, while only (123) teachers responded to the contents of the form. The validity of stability (Cronbach's alpha coefficient) carried out to verify its stability and reliability, and to ensure its validity in measuring variables, as well as to extract frequency distributions and arithmetic means of the questionnaire items, using (SPSS v25) program. In order to measure the strength of the correlation and regression relationships between the research variables, simple correlation analysis and simple linear regression used. The results showed that there is a correlation and effect between the variables and their dimensions. Based on the results, a number of recommendations made related to the necessity of employing resonant leadership behaviors in the researched university at the level of faculty members or in all its fields in the best way, within the framework of its keenness to survive, adapt, and grow.

The research dealt with the issue of financial liberalization due to the adoption of its policies by all countries of the world and their emphasis on financial reforms to achieve competition and efficiency in their institutions and reduce the restrictions imposed on them. In light of technology and the changes of globalization, the research problem centered on a main question: Does financial liberalization have a role in developing green financial products? The study assumed the existence of significant correlation and influence relationships with positive statistical significance between financial liberalization and green financial products. Several private banks in the northern governorates of Iraq were selected as a community for the study, and a sample consisting of (42) respondents in the selected private banks amounting to (5 banks), The descriptive and analytical approach was used to complete the research requirements, relying on the questionnaire as a main tool in collecting information and data, and it was analyzed through the statistical program (spss.ver-23), and the study reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which is that financial liberalization policies have a prominent role in developing green financial products In banks, and suggestions, the most prominent of which is that banks in general should abide by laws and legislation that contribute to the development of financial products and enable them to compete in today\'s financial world.

The aim of the research is to measure and analyze the relationship between the effect of the investment multiplier and inflation in the Iraqi economy for the period (2005-2020) using the modern methodology of co-integration according to the (ARDL) model. Investment on the dependent variable represented by inflation in the Iraqi economy during the research period, due to the dependence of total investment in Iraq on a single source represented by public revenues derived from the revenues of the oil sector. It is marred by the formation of specialized committees that direct public investment towards achieving economic diversification in sources of income through the use of fiscal policy tools to activate the multiplier mechanism and then enable it to address the gaps that the Iraqi economy may be exposed to

Financial sustainability is one of the most important topics of interest to financial management as part of daily business by effectively managing its operations to meet the demands and expectations of its shareholders and stakeholders for the purpose of its long-term survival in the labor market and to increase its real value by improving its competitiveness, increasing its profits and accelerating its services to keep pace with developments. However, the Iraqi telecommunications sector has not been able to keep up with the huge developments witnessed in the field of work due to the slowness and lack of development of the communications network. Therefore, the study aimed mainly at demonstrating the possibility of using the investor's financial behavior based on the quality of financial information to obtain revenues for the long-term sustainability of companies. To achieve this purpose, the study was applied to a managers and employees of Asia Cell Communications Company. To describe the levels of availability of the study variables through average weights and standard deviation, in addition to that, (Smart PLS 3) program was used, and the most important conclusions reached are the ability of a company to respond to the aspirations of society towards it, as it is considered one of the sustainable companies with an additional gain that enhances its credibility and legitimacy, which will contribute to enhancing its reputation, reducing risks, providing fast services and attracting new investors as a result of its reliance on mental calculations to evaluate financial results when evaluating investment. And the most important proposals that the study came up with is to take advantage of the capabilities and long experience that experienced investors enjoy through their investments and benefit from these experiences to achieve financial sustainability.

This Search aims to identify the theoretical and intellectual aspects and the impact of financial inclusion on the quality of banking service applied Search to a sample of banks listed in the Iraq Stock Exchange, which were selected according to international and accounting standards. Among the other banks that apply these standards, in addition to their large activity in banking, are (National Bank of Iraq,), United Bank for Investment investment Bank of Iraq Commercial Bank of Iraq and Credit Bank of Iraq for the period (2004- 2020) The descriptive and analytical approach was used to describe all the variables, analyze them and measure them through the actual financial data available by the banks and the study sample. With the aim of evaluating and measuring the future variable (financial inclusion) and dependent variables (banking service quality) and analyzing the correlation and impact between them and their interpretation, if the analysis of variance was used using the (SPSS) program to measure the correlation and impact between the results of financial inclusion and the quality of the banking service used in the study.
The study reached a number of conclusions within the framework of its main and subsidiary hypotheses, the most important of which was the existence of a relationship and the impact of financial inclusion and the quality of banking service on the banking institution. The study also recommended based on the conclusions it reached, the most important of which was the need to urge all banks to use financial inclusion in all banking transactions because it has a positive impact on the bank’s performance and the development of banking services provided by all banks.

The study aimed to measure the correlation and influence relationship between organizational values as an independent variable and organizational cynicism as the approved variable in the Directorate of Civil Status, Passports and Residence in Nineveh Governorate. The current study adopted the questionnaire as a method for collecting data, and the questionnaire covered (213) individuals randomly. Finally, the study concluded with a set of recommendations and implementation mechanisms.

The research aims to identify the availability of the dimensions of the agile organization represented by (agile leadership, agile culture, agile administrative communication) ، The research was tested at the University of Mosul and the research was applied to a non-random sample (intended) by (337) teachers and teachers with various scientific titles (professor, assistant professor, teacher, assistant teacher). The research used the questionnaire as a main tool for collecting data and information as well as personal interviews. It sought to test a number of hypotheses and to answer questions related to the research problem and reach the objectives set. In order to process data and information, many statistical methods were used, namely: (frequencies, percentages, mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation and Pearson’s coefficient), by adopting (SPSS) programs to test the research hypotheses and verify their validity. The research reached a set of conclusions, including the adoption of the administration of the University of Mosul to the dimensions of the lean organization, and these results were identical with the hypotheses in this aspect.Based on the findings of the research, a set of recommendations were developed, the most important of which was the need for the university administration to pay attention to the concept of agile organizations and to strengthen its adoption of the dimensions of the agile organization because it is important in achieving the overall goals through its ability to keep pace with environmental changes.

The current research aims at diagnosing the formulas for Counterproductive work behavior of the teaching staff that the employees of the organization may adopt. Does the level of the dimensions of the reverse work behavior of the teaching staff in the education of the Mosul district vary? The current study used the descriptive analytical method in presenting theoretical frameworks, data processing, analysis, and interpretation, and the field of study was determined in the Nineveh Education Directorate, represented by the Mosul District Education Directorate, while the study sample included male and female teachers in the Mosul District Education Directorate. The questionnaire was considered the main tool for collecting data on the sample surveyed, which numbered (269) individuals, and a set of statistical methods were used to analyze the data and treat it statistically. Mosul district. This indicates the need to use the correct scientific methods to confront behaviors that may harm individuals or organizations or both at the same time.